Bisphenol AChemical used in plastics, xenoestrogenChemical compoundBisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical compound primarily used in the manufacturing of various plastics. It is a colourless solid which is soluble in most common organic solvents, but has very poor solubility in water. BPA is produced on an industrial scale by the condensation reaction of phenol and acetone. Global production in 2022 was estimated to be in the region of 10 million tonnes.
Health effects of Bisphenol AControversy related to consumer productsChemical structure of bisphenol A(BPA).Bisphenol A controversy centers on concerns and debates about the biomedical significance of bisphenol A (BPA), which is a precursor to polymers that are used in some consumer products, including some food containers.
BisphenolThe bisphenols () are a group of industrial chemical compounds related to diphenylmethane; commonly used in the production of plastics and epoxy resins. They feature two hydroxyphenyl groups linked by a methylene bridge. Also included are bisphenol S, P, and M. "Bisphenol" is a common name; the letter following denotes the variant, which depends on the additional substituents.
Organic compoundOrganic compounds are a subclass of chemical compounds of carbon. Little consensus exists among chemists on the exact definition of organic compound; the only universally accepted definition is the quasi-tautological "organic compounds are the subject matter of organic chemistry". Generally, any large chemical compound containing a carbon–hydrogen or carbon–carbon bond is accepted as an organic compound.
PlasticMaterial of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic solidsHousehold items made of various types of plasticsPlastics are a wide range of synthetic or semisynthetic materials composed primarily of polymers. Their defining characteristic, plasticity, allows them to be molded, extruded, or pressed into a diverse range of solid forms.
BenzophenoneBenzophenone is a naturally occurring organic compound with the formula (C6H5)2CO, generally abbreviated Ph2CO. Benzophenone has been found in some fungi, fruits and plants, including grapes. It is a white solid with a low melting point and rose-like odor that is soluble in organic solvents. Benzophenone is the simplest diaromatic ketone. It is a widely used building block in organic chemistry, being the parent diarylketone.
Bisphenol SBisphenol S (BPS, dioxydiphenylsulfone) is an organic compound with the formula(HOC6H4)2SO2. It has two phenolfunctional groups on either side of a sulfonyl group. It is commonly used in curing fast-drying epoxy resin adhesives. It is classified as a bisphenol, and a close molecular analog of bisphenol A (BPA).
GlucuronideA glucuronide, also known as glucuronoside, is any substance produced by linking glucuronic acid to another substance via a glycosidic bond. The glucuronides belong to the glycosides. Glucuronidation, the conversion of chemical compounds to glucuronides, is a method that animals use to assist in the excretion of toxic substances, drugs or other substances that cannot be used as an energy source.
Methylene bridgeIn chemistry, a methylene bridge is part of a molecule with formula −CH2−. The carbon atom is connected by single bonds to two other distinct atoms in the rest of the molecule. A methylene bridge is often called a methylene group or simply methylene, as in "methylene chloride" (dichloromethaneCH2Cl2). As a bridge in other compounds, for example in cyclic compounds, it is given the name methano.
SulfateNames IUPAC nameSulfateOther names Tetraoxosulfate(VI)Tetraoxidosulfate(VI)Identifiers CAS Number14808-79-83D model (JSmol)Interactive imageChEBICHEBI:16189ChemSpider1085EC Number233-334-2PubChemCID1117UNII7IS9N8KPMGInChIInChI=1S/H2O4S/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H2,1,2,3,4)/p-2Key: QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-LInChI=1/H2O4S/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H2,1,2,3,4)/p-2Key: QAOWNCQODCNURD-NUQVWONBAMSMILESS(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-]Properties Chemical formulaSO4Molar mass96.06 g·mol Conjugate acidHydrogensulfateExcept where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).The sulfate or sulphate ion is a polyatomic anion with the empirical formulaSO4.
EpoxyEpoxy is the family of basic components or cured end products of epoxy resins, also known as polyepoxides, a class of reactive prepolymers and polymers which contain epoxide groups. The epoxide functional group is also collectively called epoxy. The IUPAC name for an epoxide group is an oxirane.Endocrine disruptorChemicals that can interfere with endocrine or hormonal systemsA comparison of the structures of the natural estrogen hormone estradiol (left) and one of the nonyl-phenols (right), a xenoestrogen endocrine disruptorEndocrine disruptors, sometimes also referred to as hormonally active agents, endocrine disrupting chemicals, or endocrine disrupting compounds are chemicals that can interfere with endocrine (or hormonal) systems.
Diisobutyl phthalateDiisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester having the structural formula C6H4(COOCH2CH(CH3)2)2. It is formed by the reaction of isobutanol and phthalic anhydride. This and other phthalates are used as plasticizers due to their influence on the flexibility and durability of plastics. They are found in many industrial and personal products, such as lacquers, nail polish and cosmetics. DIBP can be absorbed via oral ingestion and dermal exposure.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.