Legal doubletA legal doublet is a standardized phrase used frequently in English legal language consisting of two or more words that are irreversible binomials and frequently synonyms, usually connected by and, such as cease and desist. The doubling—and sometimes even tripling—often originates in the transition from use of one language for legal purposes to another.
Real propertyIn English common law, real property, real estate, immovable property or realty, refers to parcels of land and any associated structures which are the property of a person. For a structure (also called an improvement or fixture) to be considered part of the real property, it must be integrated with or affixed to the land. This includes crops, buildings, machinery, wells, dams, ponds, mines, canals, and roads.Personal propertyPersonal property is property that is movable. In common law systems, personal property may also be called chattels or personalty. In civil law systems, personal property is often called movable property or movables—any property that can be moved from one location to another. Personal property can be understood in comparison to real estate, immovable property or real property (such as land and buildings).
TestatorA testator () is a person who has written and executed a last will and testament that is in effect at the time of their death. It is any "person who makes a will."
ProbateIn common law jurisdictions, probate is the judicial process whereby a will is "proved" in a court of law and accepted as a valid public document that is the true last testament of the deceased; or whereby, in the absence of a legal will, the estate is settled according to the laws of intestacy that apply in the jurisdiction where the deceased resided at the time of their death.
Will and testamentA will and testament is a legal document that expresses a person's (testator) wishes as to how their property (estate) is to be distributed after their death and as to which person (executor) is to manage the property until its final distribution. For the distribution (devolution) of property not determined by a will, see inheritance and intestacy.
Old EnglishOld English (Englisc or Ænglisc, pronounced or ), or Anglo-Saxon, is the earliest attested form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the Early Middle Ages. It developed from the languages brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the mid-5th century, and the first Old English literature dates from the mid-7th century.Bequest motiveA bequest motive seeks to provide an economic justification for intergenerational transfers of wealth: in other words, to explain why people leave money behind when they die. Which theory most realistically represents the intentions of estate planners is unclear. It is hard to test the theories empirically as data about wealth holdings is hard to find.
William ShakespeareEnglish playwright and poet (1564–1616)William Shakespeare (c. 23 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon" or simply "the Bard".
Wolder v. CommissionerWolder v. Commissioner, 493 F.2d 608 (2d Cir. 1974) the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit decided whether 26 U.S.C. 102(a)'s exclusion of "bequests" from gross income included those made in consideration for services and whether the "detached and disinterested" standard applied to gifts made at death-time.
Consumption (economics)Consumption refers to the use of resources to fulfill present needs and desires. It is seen in contrast to investing, which is spending for acquisition of future income. Consumption is a major concept in economics and is also studied in many other social sciences. Different schools of economists define consumption differently.
MicroeconomicsMicroeconomics is a branch of economics that studies the behavior of individuals and firms in making decisions regarding the allocation of scarce resources and the interactions among these individuals and firms. Microeconomics focuses on the study of individual markets, sectors, or industries as opposed to the economy as a whole, which is studied in macroeconomics.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.