ETA (separatist group)Basque separatist group (1960–2018)ETA emblemETA, an acronym for Euskadi Ta Askatasuna ('Basque Homeland and Liberty' or 'Basque Country and Freedom' in Basque), was an armed Basque nationalist and separatist organization active in Spain and France between 1959 and 2018. It was founded in 1959, during Francoist Spain, by a group of Basque nationalist students seeking to promote Basque identity and independence.
Spanish Civil War1936–1939 civil war in SpainBasque nationalismBasque nationalism (Basque: eusko abertzaletasuna; Spanish: nacionalismo vasco; French: nationalisme basque) is a form of nationalism that asserts that Basques, an ethnic group indigenous to the western Pyrenees, are a nation and promotes the political unity of the Basques, today split between Spain and France. Since its inception in the late 19th century, Basque nationalism has included movements supportive of Basque independence.
Basque National Liberation MovementThe Basque National Liberation Movement (Spanish: Movimiento de Liberación Nacional Vasco, MLNV; Basque: Euskal Nazio Askapenerako Mugimendua, "ENAM") was an umbrella term that comprised all social, political and armed organizations orbiting around the ideas of the illegal armed organisation Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA), proscribed internationally as a terrorist organisation. DefinitionsThere are multiple definitions of the term.
Francoist SpainPeriod of Spanish history (1936–1975)^In wartime, Salamanca served as the de facto Nationalist capital and centre of power, while administrative functions were moved to Burgos.^The 1937 Unification Degree established FET y de las JONS as the sole legal party of the regime.^As Caudillo (since 1938) and Jefe del Estado^As President of the Regency CouncilFrancoist Spain (Spanish: España franquista), also known as Nationalist Spain, Falangist Spain, the Franco regime, or the Franco dictatorship, officially the Spanish State (Estado Español), was a state established in Nationalist-held territories of Spain ruled by Francisco Franco during the Spanish Civil War from 1936 to 1939 and then comprising the whole of Spain from 1939 until Franco's death in 1975.
SpainCountry in Southern and Western EuropeSpain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Europe and the fourth-most populous European Union (EU) member state.
Francisco FrancoDictator of Spain from 1939 to 1975Francisco Franco Bahamonde (4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish military general and the dictator of Spain from 1939 until his death in 1975. He had led the Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War from 1936 to 1939. This period in Spanish history, from the Nationalist victory to Franco's death, is commonly known as Francoist Spain.
FranceCountry primarily in Western EuropeFrance, officially the French Republic, is a country primarily located in Western Europe. Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the North Atlantic, the French West Indies, and many islands in Oceania and the Indian Ocean.Basque languageLanguage of the Basque peopleSeparatismSeparatism is the advocacy of cultural, ethnic, tribal, religious, racial, regional, governmental, or gender separation from the larger group. As with secession, separatism conventionally refers to full political separation. Groups simply seeking greater autonomy are usually not considered separatists.
United States Department of State list of Foreign Terrorist OrganizationsU.S. government list of designated entities Part of a series onTerrorism Definitions History Incidents Ideologies Anarchist Communist Left-wing/Far-left Nationalist Palestinian Zionist Religious Buddhist Christian Mormon Islamic Jewish Hindutva Right-wing/Far-right Special-interest / Single-issue Suffragette Anti-abortion Green/Ecological Misogynist Related topics Violent extremism Ethnic conflict Insurgency Resistance movement Terror (politics) Organizational structures Financing Fronting Radicalization (online) Training camp Death squad Clandestine cell system Leaderless resistance Lone wolf Domestic MethodsTactics Agro-terrorism Aircraft hijacking list Beheading Guillotine #Reign of Terror Islamic views Salafi Bombing Animal-borne Car list Improvised Letter Proxy Threat Bioterrorism Cyberterrorism Dry run Environmental Hostage-taking Incitement to terrorism Individual terror Insurgency Kidnapping Nuclear Paper Piracy Propaganda of the deed Shooting School Spree Stabbing Stochastic Suicide attack Country categories Rockets and mortars Urban terrorism Vehicle-ramming Relationship to states State terrorism Reign of Terror Red Terror Sri Lanka Ba'athist Syria United States State-sponsored terrorism Collaboration with the Islamic State Iran Israel Kuwait Libya Pakistan Qatar USSR United States Venezuela Vietnam Violent non-state actors Drug cartel Insurgency Response to terrorism Counterterrorism Deradicalization War on terror War on drugs (Narcoterrorism) Legislation Designation Economic Accusing charities Insurance vte The United States Department of State maintains a list with Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTO) in accordance with section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 (INA).List of designated terrorist groupsSeveral national governments and two international bodies have created lists of organizations that they designate as terrorist. The following list of designated terrorist groups is composed of groups on whom a "terrorist" designation had been officially issued, whether by current or former national governments, or inter-governmental organizations.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.