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Autonomous consumption

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Autonomous consumption (also exogenous consumption, autonomous spending) is the consumption expenditure that occurs when income levels are zero. Such consumption is considered autonomous of income only when expenditure on these consumables does not vary with changes in income; generally, it may be required to fund necessities and debt obligations. If income levels are actually zero, this consumption counts as dissaving, because it is financed by borrowing or using up savings.

Induced consumptionInduced consumptionInduced consumption is the portion of consumption that varies with disposable income. When a change in disposable income “induces” a change in consumption on goods and services, then that changed consumption is called “induced consumption”. In contrast, expenditures for autonomous consumption do not vary with income. For instance, expenditure on a consumable that is considered a normal good would be considered to be induced.Consumption functionConsumption functionIn economics, the consumption function describes a relationship between consumption and disposable income. The concept is believed to have been introduced into macroeconomics by John Maynard Keynes in 1936, who used it to develop the notion of a government spending multiplier.DissavingDissaving is negative saving. If spending is greater than disposable income, dissaving is taking place. This spending is financed by already accumulated savings, such as money in a savings account, or it can be borrowed. Household dissaving therefore corresponds to an absolute decrease in their financial investments. Usually dissavings start after retirement, when an individual starts deducting money from the amount that he has been saving during his life time.ConsumablesConsumablesConsumables are goods that are intended to be , or in the case of food, eaten. People have, for example, always consumed food and water. Consumables are in contrast to long-lasting durable goods such as cars and washing machines. Disposable products are a particular, extreme case of consumables, because their end-of-life is reached after a single use. Consumables are products that consumers use recurrently, i.e., items which "get used up" or discarded.LoanLoanLending of money Loan document issued by the Bank of Petrevene, Bulgaria, dated 1936 In finance, a loan is the tender of money by one party to another with an agreement to pay it back. The recipient, or borrower, incurs a debt and is usually required to pay interest for the use of the money.

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