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American Indian Defense Association

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The American Indian Defense Association (AIDA) was an organization founded in 1923 by social workerJohn Collier that fought to protect religious freedom and tribal property for Native Americans in the United States. History of the AIDAIn the 1920s Antonio Luhan, a member of the Taos Pueblo, showed John Collier the poor living conditions in American Indian communities. In response to what he saw, Collier founded the American Indian Defense Association.

Bureau of Indian AffairsBureau of Indian AffairsThe Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), also known as Indian Affairs (IA), is a United States federal agency within the Department of the Interior. It is responsible for implementing federal laws and policies related to Native Americans and Alaska Natives, and administering and managing over 55,700,000 acres (225,000 km2) of reservations held in trust by the U.S. federal government for indigenous tribes.Dawes ActDawes ActPersonalBirthplaceWeddingGray GablesWestland Mansion28th Governor of New York1882 election22nd & 24th President of the United StatesPresidencies firstsecondInaugurations firstsecondJudicial appointmentsTenureTenure of Office ActInterstate Commerce Act of 1887Interstate Commerce CommissionDawes ActEnabling Act of 1889Panic of 1893Blount ReportMorgan ReportCoxey's ArmyPullman StrikeWilson–Gorman Tariff ActVenezuelan crisisPresidential campaigns1884conventionelection1888conventionelection1892conventionelectionLegacyCleveland National ForestCleveland ParkGrover Cleveland High School BuffaloLos AngelesQueensSS Cleveland 1920SS Cleveland 1947The Dawes Act of 1887 (also known as the General Allotment Act or the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887) regulated land rights on tribal territories within the United States.Henry L. DawesHenry L. DawesHenry Laurens Dawes (October 30, 1816 – February 5, 1903) was an American attorney and politician, a RepublicanUnited States senator and United States representative from Massachusetts. He is notable for the Dawes Act (1887), which was intended to stimulate the assimilation of Native Americans by ending the tribal government and control of communal lands.Taos PuebloTaos PuebloTaos Pueblo, also called the Pueblo of Taos, Pueblo de Taos, or , is an ancient Tiwa-speaking Pueblo inhabited by the Taos people. The Pueblo is one of the 575 federally-recognizedNative Americangovernments in the United States, and a UNESCOWorld Heritage Site. Taos Pueblo is the oldest continuously inhabited city in the United States and is the only U.S. World Heritage where people live; about 4,500 people lived there in 2012.Charles H. BurkeCharles H. BurkeCharles Henry Burke (April 1, 1861 – April 7, 1944) was a Republicancongressman from South Dakota and commissioner of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in the 1920s. BiographyHe was born near Batavia, New York, in 1861, and attended the public school there. He moved to the Dakota Territory in 1882 and settled on a homestead in Beadle County of what is now South Dakota, moving on to Hughes County in 1883. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1886.United States CongressUnited States CongressThe United States Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States. It is a bicameral legislature, including a lower body, the U.S. House of Representatives, and an upper body, the U.S. Senate. They both meet in the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. Members of Congress are chosen through direct election, though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a governor's appointment.StudebakerStudebakerStudebaker was an American wagon and automobile manufacturer based in South Bend, Indiana. The company held a location at 1600 Broadway in Times Square, Midtown Manhattan, New York City. Founded in 1852 and incorporated in 1868 as the Studebaker Brothers Manufacturing Company, the firm was originally a coachbuilder of wagons, buggies, carriages, and harnesses.Franklin D. RooseveltFranklin D. RooseveltPresident of the United States from 1933 to 1945PersonalFamilies DelanoRooseveltParalysisSunshine Special44th Governor of New YorkElections 19281930Governorship32nd President of the United StatesPresidency 1933–19411941–1945timelineTransitionattempted assassinationInaugurations firstsecondthirdfourthTenureFirst 100 daysNew DealGlass-Steagall ActWPASocial SecuritySECFireside chatsSupreme Court PackingNational Recovery Act1937 recessionMarch of DimesWorld War IIAttack on Pearl HarborDay of Infamy speechAtlantic CharterJapanese Americans internmentTehran ConferenceDeclaration by United NationsD-DaySecond Bill of RightsG.I. BillYalta ConferencePoliciesCannabisForeignGood NeighborAppointmentsJudiciaryStoneWileySupreme Court candidatesPresidential campaigns1932 primariesconventionelection1936 primariesconventionelection1940 primariesconventionelection1944 primariesconventionelectionLegacyCriticismNew Deal criticsCivil rights recordFranksgivingPresidential LibraryMemorialCultural depictionsCriticismFranklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945), also known as FDR, was the 32nd president of the United States, serving from 1933 until his death in 1945.Holm O. BursumHolm O. BursumHolm Olaf Bursum (February 10, 1867 – August 7, 1953) was a politician from the U.S. state of New Mexico, whose activities were instrumental for gaining statehood under the Taft administration and later served as United States Senator from New Mexico. BackgroundBursum was born at Fort Dodge, Iowa to Norwegian-American parents. He attended the public schools in Iowa before moving to New Mexico Territory in 1881. He settled near Socorro and engaged in raising livestock.John Collier (sociologist)John Collier (sociologist)John Collier (May 4, 1884 – May 8, 1968), a sociologist and writer, was an American social reformer and Native American advocate. He served as Commissioner for the Bureau of Indian Affairs in the President Franklin D. Roosevelt administration, from 1933 to 1945. He was chiefly responsible for the "Indian New Deal", especially the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, through which he intended to reverse a long-standing policy of cultural assimilation of Native Americans.Native Americans in the United StatesNative Americans in the United StatesIndigenous peoples of the United StatesEthnic groupSocial workSocial workAcademic discipline and professionSocial work is an academic discipline and practice-based profession concerned with meeting the basic needs of individuals, families, groups, communities, and society as a whole to enhance their individual and collective well-being.

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