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Aircraft rescue and firefighting

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Aircraft rescue and firefighting (ARFF) is a type of firefighting that involves the emergency response, mitigation, evacuation, and rescue of passengers and crew of aircraft involved in aviation accidents and incidents. Airports with scheduled passenger flights are obliged to have firefighters and firefighting apparatus on location ready for duty any time aircraft operate.

Mass casualty incidentMass casualty incidentA mass casualty incident (often shortened to MCI) describes an incident in which emergency medical services resources, such as personnel and equipment, are overwhelmed by the number and severity of casualties. For example, an incident where a two-person crew is responding to a motor vehicle collision with three severely injured people could be considered a mass casualty incident.Aviation fuelAviation fuelAviation fuels are either derived from petroleum or are blends of petroleum and synthetic fuels, and are used to power aircraft. These fuels have more stringent requirements than those used for ground-based applications, such as heating or road transportation. They also contain additives designed to enhance or preserve specific properties that are important for performance and handling.FirefighterFirefighterA firefighter (or fire fighter or fireman) is a first responder trained in public safety and emergency response such as firefighting, primarily to control and extinguish fires and respond to emergencies such as hazardous material incidents, medical emergencies, road traffic collisions and other emergencies that threaten life, property and the environment, as well as to rescue persons from confinement or dangerous situations and preserve evidence.Aviation accidents and incidentsAviation accidents and incidentsAn aviation accident is an event during aircraft operation that results in serious injury, death, or significant destruction. An aviation incident is any operating event that compromises safety but does not escalate into an aviation accident. Preventing both accidents and incidents is the primary goal of aviation safety. The most common causes of these accidents and incidents are technical or mechanical failures of the aircraft and pilot error.FirefightingFirefightingFirefighting is a profession aimed at controlling and extinguishing fire. A person who engages in firefighting is known as a firefighter or fireman. Firefighters typically undergo a high degree of technical training. This involves structural firefighting and wildland firefighting. Specialized training includes aircraft firefighting, shipboard firefighting, aerial firefighting, maritime firefighting, and proximity firefighting.RescueRescueRescue comprises responsive operations that usually involve the saving of life, removal from danger, liberation from restraint, or the urgent treatment of injuries after an incident. It may be facilitated by a range of tools and equipment necessary to deal with the specific circumstances. Rescues may be necessary in a wide range of circumstances and environments, and specialised procedures have been developed for many of these.Firefighting apparatusFirefighting apparatusA firefighting apparatus (North American English) or firefighting appliance (UK English) is any vehicle that has been customized for use during firefighting operations. These vehicles are highly customized depending on their needs and the duty they will be performing. These duties can include firefighting, technical rescue, and emergency medical services. HistoryAn early device used to squirt water onto a fire is a squirt or fire syringe.International Civil Aviation OrganizationInternational Civil Aviation OrganizationThe International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that coordinates the principles and techniques of international air navigation, and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth. The ICAO headquarters are in the Quartier international de Montréal of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.AircraftAircraftAn aircraft or aerial vehicle is a vehicle that can fly by gaining support from the air. It counters the force of gravity by using either static lift or the dynamic lift of an airfoil, or, in a few cases, direct downward thrust from its engines. Common examples of aircraft include airplanes, drones, rotorcraft (including helicopters), airships (including blimps), gliders, paramotors, and hot air balloons.Emirates Flight 521Emirates Flight 521Emirates Flight 521 was a scheduled international passenger flight from Thiruvananthapuram, India, to Dubai, United Arab Emirates, operated by Emirates using a Boeing 777. On 3 August 2016, the aircraft, carrying 282 passengers and 18 crew, crashed while landing at Dubai International Airport. All 300 people on board survived the accident; 32 occupants were injured and 4 occupants were seriously injured.TriageTriageIn medicine, triage (, ; French: [tʁiaʒ]) is a process by which care providers, such as medical professionals and those with first aid knowledge, determine the order of priority for providing treatment to injured individuals and/or inform the rationing of limited supplies so that they go to those who can most benefit from it.AirlineAirlineCompany that provides air transport services for passengers and freightA Boeing 777 of United Airlines, the largest airline in the world by fleet size.Air trips per capitaAn airline is a company that provides a regular service of air transportation for passengers or freight (cargo). Airlines use aircraft to supply these services. Many passenger airlines also carry cargo in the belly of their aircraft, while dedicated cargo airlines focus solely on freight transport.

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