Holographic displayA holographic display is a type of 3D display that utilizes light diffraction to reconstruct a 3D wavefront of an object or a scene and therefore display a three-dimensional image to the viewer. Holographic displays are distinguished from other forms of 3D displays in that they do not require the viewer to wear any special glasses or use external equipment to be able to see the image, and do not cause a vergence-accommodation conflict.
Display deviceA display device is an output device for presentation of information in visual or tactile form (the latter used for example in tactile electronic displays for blind people). When the input information that is supplied has an electrical signal the display is called an electronic display. Common applications for electronic visual displays are television sets or computer monitors.Light fieldA light field, or lightfield, is a physical field that describes the amount of light flowing in every direction through every point in a three-dimensional space. The mathematical space of all possible light rays is given by the five-dimensional plenoptic function (with three position coordinates and two direction angles as arguments), and the magnitude of each ray is given by its radiance.
Vergence–accommodation conflictVergence–accommodation conflict (VAC), also known as accommodation–vergence conflict, is a visual phenomenon that occurs when the brain receives mismatching cues between vergence and accommodation of the eye. This commonly occurs in virtual reality devices, augmented reality devices, 3D movies, and other types of stereoscopic displays and autostereoscopic displays. The effect can be unpleasant and cause eye strain.
StereoscopyStereoscopy, also called stereoscopics or stereo imaging, refers to making images appear three-dimensional. The most popular kind of stereoscopy is two-view stereoscopy, which causes partial stereopsis in an image from a set of two two-dimensional images by using binocular disparity. The word stereoscopy derives from Ancient Greek (stereós)'firm, solid' and (skopéō)'to look, to see'. A stereoscopic image is called a stereogram.
Depth perceptionDepth perception is the ability to perceive distance to objects in the world using the visual system and visual perception. It is a major factor in perceiving the world in three dimensions. Depth sensation is the corresponding term for non-human animals, since although it is known that they can sense the distance of an object, it is not known whether they perceive it in the same way that humans do. Depth perception arises from a variety of depth cues.
ParallaxParallax is a displacement or difference in the apparent position of an object viewed along two different lines of sight and is measured by the angle or half-angle of inclination between those two lines. Due to foreshortening, nearby objects show a larger parallax than farther objects, so parallax can be used to determine distances. To measure large distances, such as the distance of a planet or a star from Earth, astronomers use the principle of parallax.3D filmFilm that has the appearance of three-dimensional depthA three-dimensional film (3D film), also known as a 3D movie, is a motion picture made to give the impression of stereopsis, often by employing special glasses worn by viewers. 3D films were prominently featured in the 1950s in American cinema and later experienced a worldwide resurgence in the 1980s and 1990s driven by IMAX high-end theaters and Disney-themed venues.
Virtual realityComputer-simulated experienceResearchers with the European Space Agency in Darmstadt, Germany, equipped with a VR headset and motion controllers, demonstrating how astronauts might use virtual reality in the future to train to extinguish a fire inside a lunar habitatVirtual reality (VR) is a simulated experience that employs 3D head-mounted displays and pose tracking to give the user an immersive feel of a virtual world.Binocular disparityBinocular disparity is the difference between the images from the left and right eyes.Focal lengthThe focal length of an optical system is a measure of how strongly the system converges or diverges light; it has units of length, and for an idealized thin lens is equal to the distance between the lens and its focal points. A positive focal length indicates that a system converges light, while a negative focal length indicates that the system diverges light.
Accommodation (vertebrate eye)Accommodation is the process by which the vertebrate eye changes optical power to maintain a clear image or focus on an object as its distance varies. In this, distances vary for individuals from the far point—the maximum distance from the eye for which a clear image of an object can be seen, to the near point—the minimum distance for a clear image.
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