Negative pulldownNegative pulldown is the manner in which an image is exposed on a film stock, described by the number of film perforations spanned by an individual frame. It can also describe whether the image captured on the negative is oriented horizontally or vertically. Changing the number of exposed perforations allows a cinematographer to change both the aspect ratio of the image and the size of the area on the film stock that the image occupies (which affects image clarity).
Film frameIn filmmaking, video production, animation, and related fields, a frame is one of the many still images which compose the complete moving picture. The term is derived from the historical development of film stock, in which the sequentially recorded single images look like a framed picture when examined individually. The term may also be used more generally as a noun or verb to refer to the edges of the image as seen in a camera viewfinder or projected on a screen.
Film perforationsFilm perforations (also known as perfs and sprocket holes) are the holes placed in the film stock during manufacturing at regular intervals. Perforations are used for transporting (by sprockets and pull-down claw) and steadying (by pin registration) the film when moving through a motion picture camera or film projector. Films may have different types of perforations depending on film gauge, film format, and intended usage.
William Kennedy DicksonWilliam Kennedy Laurie Dickson (3 August 1860 – 28 September 1935) was a British-American inventor who devised an early motion picture camera under the employment of Thomas Edison. Early lifeWilliam Kennedy Dickson was born on 3 August 1860 in Le Minihic-sur-Rance, Brittany, France. His mother, Elizabeth Kennedy-Laurie (1823–1879) was American, born in Virginia. His father was James Waite Dickson, a Scottish artist, astronomer and linguist.
Film gaugeFilm gauge is a physical property of photographic or motion picture film stock which defines its width. Traditionally, the major movie film gauges are 8 mm, 16 mm, 35 mm, and 65/70 mm (in this case 65 mm for the negative and 70 mm for the release print; the extra five millimeters are reserved for the magnetic soundtrack).
Thomas EdisonThomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847 – October 18, 1931) was an American inventor and businessman known for his work on the incandescent light bulb, the phonograph, electric power distribution and early motion pictures. The merger of the Edison General Electric Company and the competitor Thomson-Houston Electric Company resulted in the formation of General Electric. Edison registered 1,093 patents in the United States.
George EastmanGeorge Eastman (July 12, 1854 – March 14, 1932) was an American innovator and entrepreneur who founded the Eastman Kodak Company and helped to bring the photographic use of roll film into the mainstream. After a decade of experiments in photography, he patented and sold a roll film camera, making amateur photography accessible to the general public for the first time.135 film135 film, more popularly referred to as 35 mm film or 35 mm, is a format of photographic film with a film gauge of 35 millimetres (1.4 inches) loaded into a standardized type of magazine (also referred to as a cassette or cartridge) for use in 135 film cameras. The term 135 was introduced by Kodak in 1934 as a designation for 35 mm film specifically for still photography, perforated with Kodak Standard perforations.FilmmakingFilmmaking, or film production, is the process of creating a motion picture. Traditionally, filmmaking is thought of as a process specific to the creation of feature films; however, its iconic methodology has been used in the creation of other types of filmed products, including movies and episodic series for streaming and network broadcasting, commercials and advertisements, animations, music videos, and documentaries.
Photographic filmPhotographic film is a strip or sheet of transparent film base coated on one side with a gelatinemulsion containing microscopically small light-sensitive silver halide crystals, for the purpose of taking photographs. The sizes and other characteristics of the crystals determine the sensitivity, contrast, and resolution of the film. Film is typically segmented in frames, which give rise to separate photographs.
FootageIn filmmaking and video production, footage is raw, unedited material as originally filmed by a movie camera or recorded by a digital video camera, which typically must be to create a motion picture, video clip, television show, or similar completed work. Footage can also refer to sequences used in film and , such as special effects and archive material (for special cases of this, see stock footage and B roll).FilmVisual art consisting of moving imagesA Trip to the Moon (1902) is considered to be a turning point in the development of narrative and science fiction films.A film, movie, or motion picture is a work of visual art that simulates experiences and otherwise communicates ideas, stories, perceptions, emotions, or atmosphere through the use of moving images that are generally, since the 1930s, synchronized with sound and sometimes feature other sensory stimuli.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.