Zvijezda ( sh-Cyrl, Звијезда) is a mountain in central

Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to th ...

, between towns of Breza,

Vareš Vareš ( cyrl, Вареш) is a town and municipality located in Zenica-Doboj Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated in central Bosnia and Herzegovina, and is famous for the local mi ...

Kakanj Kakanj ( sr-cyrl, Какањ) is a town and municipality located in Zenica-Doboj Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the Europe's oldest continuously inhabitted settlement. As of 2013, ...

and

Olovo Olovo ( sr-cyrl, Олово) is a town and municipality located in the Zenica-Doboj Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated about 50 kilometers northeast of the capital city of Sara ...

, and between the rivers Bosna, Krivaja and Ljubina. It has several peaks higher than above sea level, the highest of which is eponymous ''Krš'' at . It is composed mostly of limestone, and covered with lush forests, predominantly

coniferous Conifers () are a group of conifer cone, cone-bearing Spermatophyte, seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the phylum, division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a sin ...

Hydrography

Beneath the mountain lies a rich

aquifer An aquifer is an underground layer of water-bearing material, consisting of permeability (Earth sciences), permeable or fractured rock, or of unconsolidated materials (gravel, sand, or silt). Aquifers vary greatly in their characteristics. The s ...

, which makes a source of fresh clean waters for the mountain's numerous streams and rivers, flowing toward Bosna on the southern and western side of the mountain, and the Krivaja on the northern and eastern side. Most important rivers belonging to the Bosna watershed are the Stavnja,

Misoča Misoča is one of the largest settlements of the Ilijaš Municipality, known in Bosnian as ''Naselje Misoča''. It is the biggest community in the municipality of Ilijaš with 981Federal Office of Statistics Population of places grouped accordin ...

, Zgošća, Goruša, Lužnica, Trstionica with its tributary

Bukovica Bukovica may refer to: Croatia *Bukovica, Dalmatia, a geographical region in Croatia *Bukovica, Sisak-Moslavina County, a village near Topusko * Bukovica, Brod-Posavina County, a village near Rešetari * Nova Bukovica, a village and municipality ...

, Ribnica, Pepelarska rijeka, Gostović with the tributary streams Trbušnica, Otežna, Buretina, Suha, while the most significant rivers and streams belonging to the Krivaja river watershed are Gnjionica, Tribija with Vijačica and Kruškovica, Očevlja with Orlja, Vojnica, Vozućica, Duboštica, Gosovica, Dištica, Džinića rijeka, Lipovac.

Heritage, ecology and tourism

The main settlement, situated in the river Stavnja valley, is old mining town of Vareš. Zvijezda mountain is rich in ores, such as iron, zinc, manganese, lead and coal, and is historically known to be place of mining and ore exploitation, while in the villages and towns located around the mountain the processing of these metals and the production of tools and weapons has always been a traditional activity and the center of production in Bosnia and Herzegovina since the Middle Ages. Some remnants of these trades and old craft skills among

blacksmith A blacksmith is a metalsmith who creates objects primarily from wrought iron or steel, but sometimes from #Other metals, other metals, by forging the metal, using tools to hammer, bend, and cut (cf. tinsmith). Blacksmiths produce objects such ...

are still present today. The peat bog named ''Đilda'' is located on the mountain, with a refugium of endemic and medicinal plant

mustard Mustard may refer to: Food and plants * Mustard (condiment), a paste or sauce made from mustard seeds used as a condiment * Mustard plant, one of several plants, having seeds that are used for the condiment ** Mustard seed, small, round seeds of ...

. The tourist resort ''Doli'' is established, where guests can use

bungalows A bungalow is a small house or cottage that is typically single or one and a half storey, if a smaller upper storey exists it is frequently set in the roof and windows that come out from the roof, and may be surrounded by wide verandas. Th ...

and are served homemade dishes. The main road between

Tuzla Tuzla (, , ) is the List of cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, third-largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the administrative center of Tuzla Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013, it has a population of 110,979 inha ...

and

Sarajevo Sarajevo ( ), ; ''see Names of European cities in different languages (Q–T)#S, names in other languages'' is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina, largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 2 ...

runs in the southeastern foothills of Zvijezda. Also, several sport clubs from neighbouring towns bears its name.

References

Bibliography

* {{cite magazine , date=1943 , first=Mihovil , last=Guber , title=Pustošenje planinarskih objekata u južnoj Hrvatskoj , pages=85–93 , magazine=Hrvatski planinar , issn=0354-0650 , volume=39 , issue=6–7 , url=https://www.hps.hr/hp-arhiva/194306.pdf , language=hr , trans-title=The Desolation of Mountain Objects in Southern Croatia

External links

kraljeva-sutjeska.com
Mountains of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Hydrography

Heritage, ecology and tourism

See also

References

Bibliography

External links