Zentsuji city center area Aerial photograph

is a

city A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agree ...

located in

Kagawa Prefecture is a Prefectures of Japan, prefecture of Japan located on the island of Shikoku. Kagawa Prefecture has a population of 949,358 (as of 2020) and is the List of Japanese prefectures by area, smallest prefecture by geographic area at . Kagawa Pr ...

Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...

. , the city had an estimated

population Population is a set of humans or other organisms in a given region or area. Governments conduct a census to quantify the resident population size within a given jurisdiction. The term is also applied to non-human animals, microorganisms, and pl ...

of 30,780 in 13096 households and a

population density Population density (in agriculture: Standing stock (disambiguation), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geog ...

of 770 persons per km². The total area of the city is .

Geography

Zentsūji is located in northwestern Kagawa Prefecture. It is the only city in Kagawa Prefecture that does not face the sea

Neighbouring municipalities

Kagawa Prefecture * Kotohira * Mannō * Marugame * Mitoyo * Tadotsu

Climate

Zentsūji has a

humid subtropical climate A humid subtropical climate is a subtropical -temperate climate type, characterized by long and hot summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between ...

(Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light snowfall. The average annual temperature in Zentsūji is 15.1 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1439 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.2 °C, and lowest in January, at around 4.7 °C.

Demographics

Per Japanese census data,Zentsūji population statistics
/ref> the population of Zentsūji has declined slightly in recent decades.

History

The area of Zentsūji was part of ancient Sanuki Province and has been inhabited since prehistoric times. A number of

burial mound Burial, also known as interment or inhumation, is a method of final disposition whereby a dead body is placed into the ground, sometimes with objects. This is usually accomplished by excavating a pit or trench, placing the deceased and objec ...

s from the

Kofun period The is an era in the history of Japan from about 300 to 538 AD (the date of the introduction of Buddhism), following the Yayoi period. The Kofun and the subsequent Asuka periods are sometimes collectively called the Yamato period. This period is ...

have been identified, including the Arioka Kofun cluster. The city is the birthplace of the Buddhist monk

Kūkai , born posthumously called , was a Japanese Buddhist monk, calligrapher, and poet who founded the Vajrayana, esoteric Shingon Buddhism, Shingon school of Buddhism. He travelled to China, where he studied Tangmi (Chinese Vajrayana Buddhism) und ...

, also known as Kōbō Daishi. Zentsū-ji (from which the city derives its name), was established in 813 on the site of his birth, is the 75th temple on the 88-temple Shikoku Pilgrimage. The city originated as a market town which developed in front of the gates of this temple. During the

Edo Period The , also known as the , is the period between 1600 or 1603 and 1868 in the history of Japan, when the country was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and some 300 regional ''daimyo'', or feudal lords. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengok ...

, the city area was part of the holdings of

Marugame Domain file:Kyōgoku Akiyuki.jpg, 270px, Kyōgoku Akiyuki file:香川県丸亀市丸亀城 - panoramio (45).jpg, 270px, Marugame Castle was a Han (Japan), feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now Kagawa Prefecture ...

, Takamatsu Domain and Tadotsu Domain under the

Tokugawa shogunate The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. The Tokugawa shogunate was established by Tokugawa Ieyasu after victory at the Battle of Sekigahara, ending the civil wars ...

. Following the

Meiji restoration The , referred to at the time as the , and also known as the Meiji Renovation, Revolution, Regeneration, Reform, or Renewal, was a political event that restored Imperial House of Japan, imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. Althoug ...

, the village of Zentsūji was established within Tado District, Kagawa with the creation of the modern municipalities system on December 16,1878. Tado District became Nakatado District in 1899. Zentsūji was elevated to town status on November 3, 1901 and after merging with four neighboring villages, was elevated to city status on March 31, 1954. From 1896 to 1945, the IJA 11th Infantry Division was headquartered in Zentsūji, which hosted the largest military base in Shikoku. During World War II, Zentsuji was the location of a

Prisoner-of-war camp A prisoner-of-war camp (often abbreviated as POW camp) is a site for the containment of enemy fighters captured as Prisoner of war, prisoners of war by a belligerent power in time of war. There are significant differences among POW camps, inte ...

in World War II. After the war, the former base site was converted into the location for the city hall and Shikoku Gakuin University, in addition to other public facilities. However, the city still retains a strong connection to the military and is the location a

Japan Ground Self-Defense Force The , , also referred to as the Japanese Army, is the land warfare branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces. Created on July 1, 1954, it is the largest of the three service branches. New military guidelines, announced in December 2010, direct ...

brigade headquarters and garrison.

Government

Zentsūji has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a

unicameral Unicameralism (from ''uni''- "one" + Latin ''camera'' "chamber") is a type of legislature consisting of one house or assembly that legislates and votes as one. Unicameralism has become an increasingly common type of legislature, making up nearly ...

city council of 16 members. Zentsūji contributes two members to the Kagawa Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Kagawa 3rd district of the

lower house A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where the other chamber is the upper house. Although styled as "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power or otherwise e ...

of the

Diet of Japan , transcription_name = ''Kokkai'' , legislature = 215th Session of the National Diet , coa_pic = Flag of Japan.svg , house_type = Bicameral , houses = , foundation=29 November 1890(), leader1_type ...

Economy

The economy of Zentsūji is primarily food-related. Farmers of the Zentsūji region found a way to grow cubic watermelons, by growing the fruits in glass boxes and letting them naturally assume the shape of the receptacle. The square shape is designed to make the melons easier to stack and store, but the square watermelons are often more than double the price of normal ones. Pyramid shaped watermelons have also been developed.

Education

Zentsūji has eight public elementary schools and two public middle schools operated by the city government, and one public high school operated by the Kagawa Prefectural Board of Education. There is also one private high school. Zentsūji is also home to Shikoku Gakuin University. * Shikoku Gakuin Junior College

Transportation

Railways

Shikoku Railway Company The , commonly known as , is the smallest of the seven constituent companies of the Japan Railways Group (JR Group). It operates of intercity and local rail services in the four prefectures on the island of Shikoku in Japan. The company has it ...

Dosan Line The is a railway line in Shikoku, Japan, operated by the Shikoku Railway Company (JR Shikoku). It connects Tadotsu Station in Tadotsu, Kagawa, Tadotsu, Kagawa Prefecture, Kagawa, and Kubokawa Station in Shimanto, Kōchi (town), Shimanto, Kōchi ...

* -

Highways

Takamatsu Expressway * *

Sister cities

El Dorado, Arkansas El Dorado ( ) is a city in and the county seat of Union County, Arkansas, Union County, on the southern border of Arkansas, United States. According to the 2020 census, the population of the city is 17,755. El Dorado is headquarters of the Ark ...

, United States *

Hirado, Nagasaki is a city located in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 28,172, and a population density of 120 people per km2. The total area of the city is Geography Hirado City occupies the northern part of Nagasaki P ...

, Japan *

Kōya, Wakayama 270px, Kōya town hall 270px, Central Kōya is a town located in Ito District, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. , the town had an estimated population of 2,812, in 1,575 households. It had a population density of 21 persons per km2. The total area ...

, Japan

Local attractions

* Arioka Kofun cluster, National Historic Site * Amagiri Castle ruins, National Historic Site * Konzō-ji, 73rd temple on the Shikoku Pilgrimage * Kōyama-ji, 74th temple on the Shikoku Pilgrimage * Mandara-ji, 72nd temple on the Shikoku Pilgrimage * Shusshaka-ji, 73rd temple on the Shikoku Pilgrimage * Zentsū-ji, 75th temple on the Shikoku Pilgrimage

Noted people from Zentsūji

* Atsuko Takahata, actress * Yoshiki Yamashita, politician

References

External links

*
Zentsūji City official website
{{DEFAULTSORT:Zentsuji, Kagawa Cities in Kagawa Prefecture Zentsūji, Kagawa