Tropolje was a historical Croatian duchy, which was located on the borderland of Croatia,

Bosnia Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to th ...

and

Zachlumia Zachlumia or Zachumlia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Zahumlje, Захумље, ), also Hum, was a medieval principality located in the modern-day regions of Herzegovina and southern Dalmatia (today parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia, r ...

. Its exact borders are disputed among historians.

History

Vjekoslav Klaić Vjekoslav Klaić (21 June 1849 – 1 July 1928) was a Croatian historian and writer, most famous for his monumental work ''History of the Croats''. Klaić was born in Garčin near Slavonski Brod as the son of a teacher. He was raised in German ...

thought that Tropolje encompassed the Cetinsko Polje, Livanjsko Polje and Duvanjsko Polje, and possible other poljes on the borderland of Croatia, Bosnia, and Zachlumia. Marko Perojević, on the other hand, argued that Tropolje included the

Kosovo Polje Kosovo Polje ( sr-Cyrl, Косово Поље, "Kosovo Field") or Fushë Kosova ( Albanian indefinite form: ''Fushë Kosovë''), is a town and municipality located in the District of Pristina in Kosovo. According to the 2011 census, the town o ...

(near

Knin Knin () is a city in the Šibenik-Knin County of Croatia, located in the Dalmatian hinterland near the source of the river Krka (Croatia), Krka, an important traffic junction on the rail and road routes between Zagreb and Split, Croatia, Split. ...

), Petrovo Polje (near

Drniš Drniš is a town in the Šibenik-Knin County, Croatia. Located in the Dalmatian Hinterland, it is about halfway between Šibenik and Knin. History The name Drniš was mentioned for the first time in a contract dated March 8, 1494. However, the ...

) and Mućko Polje. Additionally,

Dominik Mandić Dominik Mandić (2 December 1889 – 23 August 1973) was a Herzegovinian Croat Franciscan and historian. Biography Mandić was born in Lise near Široki Brijeg in Herzegovina. He completed his primary education in Široki Brijeg, where he atte ...

included Livanjsko Polje as well.

Sima Ćirković Sima Ćirković (Serbian Cyrillic: Сима Ћирковић; 29 January 1929 – 14 November 2009) was a Yugoslav and Serbian historian. Ćirković was a member of the Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Yugoslav Acade ...

held that Tropolje stretched over Livanjsko Polje, Duvanjsko Polje and Glamočko Polje.

Krunoslav Draganović Krunoslav Stjepan Draganović (30 October 1903 – 5 July 1983) was a Bosnian Croat Catholic priest associated with the ratlines which aided the escape of Ustaše war criminals from Europe after World War II while he was living and working at t ...

and

Damir Karbić Damir is a male given name. In the Balkans, Damir is popular among Bosniaks, Croats, and Serbs in the former Yugoslav nations, where it is interpreted as a locally originated given name, derived from ''da-'' meaning "give" and ''mir'' meaning "p ...

argued that Tropolje included Duvanjsko Polje, Kupreško Polje, and Glamočko Polje. Karbić, agreeing with Draganović, said that a document from 1301 supports his conclusion and that the northern borders thus defined, fitted the borders of the

Diocese of Duvno The Diocese of Duvno (; ) was a Latin rite particular church of the Catholic Church that was established in the 14th century with a seat in present-day Tomislavgrad in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Spli ...

. The document from 1301, to which Karbić was referring, mentions the sons of

Paul I Šubić of Bribir Paul I Šubić of Bribir (, ; – 1 May 1312) was Ban of Croatia between 1275 and 1312, and List of rulers of Bosnia, Lord of Bosnia from 1299 to 1312. As the oldest son of Stephen II of the Šubić family, Šubić noble family, he inherited th ...

–

Mladen Mladen () is a South Slavic masculine given name, derived from the Slavic root ''mlad'' (, ), meaning "young". It is present in Bosnian, Slovenian, Montenegrin, Macedonian, Bulgarian, Serbian, and Croatian society since the Middle Ages. ...

George George may refer to: Names * George (given name) * George (surname) People * George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George * George Papagheorghe, also known as Jorge / GEØRGE * George, stage name of Gior ...

and

Paul Paul may refer to: People * Paul (given name), a given name, including a list of people * Paul (surname), a list of people * Paul the Apostle, an apostle who wrote many of the books of the New Testament * Ray Hildebrand, half of the singing duo ...

, as "Duke of Tropolje,

Livno Livno ( Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: ''Ливно'', ) is a town and the administrative center of the Township of Livno and Canton 10 of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is situated on the river Bis ...

and

Cetina The Cetina () is a river in southern Croatia. It has a length of and its basin covers an area of . From its source, Cetina descends from an elevation of above sea level to the Adriatic Sea. It is the most water-rich river in Dalmatia.Naklada Nap ...

", who adopted the title on the verge of the 13th to 14th century after securing the territory of the eastern

Adriatic The Adriatic Sea () is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula. The Adriatic is the northernmost arm of the Mediterranean Sea, extending from the Strait of Otranto (where it connects to the Ionian Se ...

hinterland.

Footnotes

References

Books

* * {{Historical regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina Historical regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina Medieval history of Croatia Šubić family