Yutian County () is a

county A county () is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposesL. Brookes (ed.) '' Chambers Dictionary''. Edinburgh: Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2005. in some nations. The term is derived from the Old French denoti ...

in the northeast of

Hebei Hebei is a Provinces of China, province in North China. It is China's List of Chinese administrative divisions by population, sixth-most populous province, with a population of over 75 million people. Shijiazhuang is the capital city. It bor ...

province,

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...

, and is under the administration of the

prefecture-level city A prefecture-level city () or prefectural city is an administrative division of the China, People's Republic of China (PRC), ranking below a province of China, province and above a Counties of the People's Republic of China, county in China's ...

Tangshan Tangshan ( zh, c=唐山 , p=Tángshān) is a coastal, industrial prefecture-level city in the northeast of Hebei province. It is located in the eastern part of Hebei Province and the northeastern part of the North China Plain. It is located in t ...

, bordering

Tianjin Tianjin is a direct-administered municipality in North China, northern China on the shore of the Bohai Sea. It is one of the National Central City, nine national central cities, with a total population of 13,866,009 inhabitants at the time of the ...

to the north and west. It is located approximately northwest of Tangshan and east of Beijing, lying on China National Highway 102. It has an area of , and as of 2012, a population of approximately 680,000.

History

During the

Spring and Autumn period The Spring and Autumn period () was a period in History of China, Chinese history corresponding roughly to the first half of the Eastern Zhou (256 BCE), characterized by the gradual erosion of royal power as local lords nominally subject t ...

, the area of present-day Yutian County belonged to the state of . During the

Warring States period The Warring States period in history of China, Chinese history (221 BC) comprises the final two and a half centuries of the Zhou dynasty (256 BC), which were characterized by frequent warfare, bureaucratic and military reforms, and ...

, it belonged to the state of Yan as part of Beiping Commandery. In the

Qin dynasty The Qin dynasty ( ) was the first Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China. It is named for its progenitor state of Qin, a fief of the confederal Zhou dynasty (256 BC). Beginning in 230 BC, the Qin under King Ying Zheng enga ...

, the area, which remained part of Beiping Commandery, was organized as . During the

Han dynasty The Han dynasty was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China (202 BC9 AD, 25–220 AD) established by Liu Bang and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by the short-lived Qin dynasty (221–206 BC ...

, the area was split between Wuzhong County and Xuwu County (). Under the

Northern Wei Wei (), known in historiography as the Northern Wei ( zh, c=北魏, p=Běi Wèi), Tuoba Wei ( zh, c=拓跋魏, p=Tuòbá Wèi), Yuan Wei ( zh, c=元魏, p=Yuán Wèi) and Later Wei ( zh, t=後魏, p=Hòu Wèi), was an Dynasties of China, impe ...

, Xuwu County was merged into Wuzhong County. During the

Sui dynasty The Sui dynasty ( ) was a short-lived Dynasties of China, Chinese imperial dynasty that ruled from 581 to 618. The re-unification of China proper under the Sui brought the Northern and Southern dynasties era to a close, ending a prolonged peri ...

, Wuzhong County was renamed to Yuyang County (). In 619 CE, during the

Tang dynasty The Tang dynasty (, ; zh, c=唐朝), or the Tang Empire, was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 618 to 907, with an Wu Zhou, interregnum between 690 and 705. It was preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed ...

, the eastern portion of Yuyang County was carved out into a new iteration of Wuzhong County. In 627 CE, Wuzhong County was once again abolished, and merged back into Yuyang County. In 667 CE, Wuzhong County was once again re-established, and placed under the jurisdiction of

Youzhou You Prefecture or You Province, also known by its Chinese name Youzhou, was a prefecture ('' zhou'') in northern China during its imperial era. "You Province" was cited in some ancient sources as one of the nine or twelve original provinces o ...

. In 696 CE, Wuzhong County was renamed to Yutian County (). In 705 CE, Yutian County was placed under the jurisdiction of . Throughout the following decades, the area was transferred back and forth between Youzhou and Yingzhou several times, before being placed under in 730 CE. Later, during the Liao dynasty, the area was placed under the jurisdiction of . In 1124, the area was placed under the jurisdiction of , and the following year, Yutian County was transferred again to . During the

Jin dynasty Jin may refer to: States Jìn 晉 * Jin (Chinese state) (晉國), major state of the Zhou dynasty, existing from the 11th century BC to 376 BC * Jin dynasty (266–420) (晉朝), also known as Liang Jin and Sima Jin * Jin (Later Tang precursor) ...

, during the final years of

Emperor Zhangzong of Jin Emperor Zhangzong of Jin (31 August 1168 – 29 December 1208), personal name Madage, sinicized name Wanyan Jing, was the sixth emperor of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty of China. He reigned from 20 January 1189 to 29 December 1208.Tao, p. 85-86 ...

, the eastern portion of Yutian County was split off as Fengrun County (). In 1265, Fengrun County was abolished, and merged back into Yutian County. The reunified Yutian County would shortly after be placed under the jurisdiction of . During the

Ming dynasty The Ming dynasty, officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China that ruled from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming was the last imperial dynasty of ...

, Yutian County was under the jurisdiction of Jizhou throughout. In 1725, during the

Qing dynasty The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing, was a Manchu-led Dynasties of China, imperial dynasty of China and an early modern empire in East Asia. The last imperial dynasty in Chinese history, the Qing dynasty was preceded by the ...

, Yutian County was reassigned to fall under the jurisdiction of . In 1743, it was reassigned once again to . In 1913, under the

Republic of China Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...

prefectures A prefecture (from the Latin word, "''praefectura"'') is an administrative jurisdiction traditionally governed by an appointed prefect. This can be a regional or local government subdivision in various countries, or a subdivision in certain inter ...

were abolished and replaced with circuits, and Yutian County was placed under the newly-formed . In 1928, circuits would be abolished, and the area would be placed directly under the jurisdiction of

province. Yutian County was placed under the administration of

in 1949. In May 1983, Tangshan was upgraded from a prefecture to a

Geography

Yutian County's elevation is generally higher in the north, which sits at the southern foothills of the Yanshan Mountains, and lower in the south. The Ji Canal River runs through the

, as does the .

Climate

Administrative divisions

Yutian County administers 1

subdistrict A subdistrict or sub-district is an administrative division that is generally smaller than a district. Equivalents * Administrative posts of East Timor, formerly Portuguese-language * Kelurahan, in Indonesia * Mukim, a township in Brunei, Ind ...

, 17

towns A town is a type of a human settlement, generally larger than a village but smaller than a city. The criteria for distinguishing a town vary globally, often depending on factors such as population size, economic character, administrative stat ...

, 3

townships A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision. Its exact definition varies among countries. Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, this tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canad ...

, and 2 other

township-level divisions The administrative divisions of China have consisted of several levels since 1412, due to mainland China's large population and geographical area. In the People's Republic of China, the constitution provides for three levels of government. Ho ...

. The county's sole subdistrict is , which hosts the county's seat of government. The county's 17 towns are , , , , , Hongqiao, , , , ,

Caitingqiao Caitingqiao () is a town located in Yutian County, Tangshan, Hebei, China. According to the 2010 census, Caitingqiao had a population of 19,664, including 10,000 males and 9,664 females. The population was distributed as follows: 3,271 people age ...

, , , , , , and . The county's 3 townships are , , and . The county also administers the township-level divisions of the Hebei Yutian Economic Development Zone () and the Hebei Tangshan National Agricultural Technology Park ().

Demographics

A 2012 estimate put the county's population at approximately 680,000. Per the

2010 Chinese census The 2010 Chinese census, officially the Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国第六次全国人口普查), was conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China wi ...

, Yutian County had a population of 684,833. A 2002 estimate pegged the county's population at about 650,500. The

2000 Chinese census The 2000 Chinese census, officially the Fifth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China (), was conducted by the government of the People's Republic of China with 1 November 2000 as its zero hour. The total population was calcul ...

recorded the county's population at 650,408.

Economy

Yutian County has significant deposits of

coal Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other Chemical element, elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal i ...

limestone Limestone is a type of carbonate rock, carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material Lime (material), lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different Polymorphism (materials science) ...

, and dolomite.

Culture

, which dates back to the

, is located within Yutian County.

Transportation

The Beijing–Qinhuangdao railway and the Datong–Qinhuangdao railway both run through Yutian County. China National Highway 102 also runs through Yutian County.

References

External links

{{County-level divisions of Hebei County-level divisions of Hebei Tangshan