Yan (), also known as the Great Yan (), was a dynastic state of China established in 756 by the former Tang general

An Lushan An Lushan (; 20th day of the 1st month (19 February) 703 – 29 January 757) was a Chinese military general and rebel leader during the Tang dynasty and is primarily known for instigating the An Lushan Rebellion which devastated China and kill ...

, after he rebelled against

Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Emperor Xuanzong of Tang (; 8 September 685 – 3 May 762), personal name Li Longji, was an Emperor of China, emperor of the Tang dynasty of China, reigning from 712 to 756. His reign of 44 years was the longest during the Tang dynasty. Throu ...

in 755. The state collapsed in 763 with the death of An Lushan's former subordinate Shi Chaoyi (son of

Shi Siming Shi Siming () (19th day of the 1st month, 703? – 18 April 761), or Shi Sugan (), was a Chinese military general, monarch, and politician during the Tang dynasty who followed his childhood friend An Lushan in rebelling against Tang, and who la ...

), who was the last person to claim the title as emperor of Yan.

Rulers of Yan

An Lushan (10 February 703 – 29 January 757, age 54) ruled a ''

Jiedushi The ''jiedushi'' (, Old Turkic: Tarduş) or jiedu, was a regional military governor in China; the title was established in the Tang dynasty and abolished in the Yuan dynasty. The post of ''jiedushi'' has been translated as "military commissi ...

'' under Xuanzong and rebelled on 16 December 755. He proclaimed emperor in

Luoyang Luoyang ( zh, s=洛阳, t=洛陽, p=Luòyáng) is a city located in the confluence area of the Luo River and the Yellow River in the west of Henan province, China. Governed as a prefecture-level city, it borders the provincial capital of Zheng ...

, the eastern capital. He then captured

Chang'an Chang'an (; zh, t=長安, s=长安, p=Cháng'ān, first=t) is the traditional name of the city now named Xi'an and was the capital of several Chinese dynasties, ranging from 202 BCE to 907 CE. The site has been inhabited since Neolithic time ...

, the western capital, on July 756. An Lushan was likely of Sodgian origins. His rebellion led to one of the bloodiest wars in human history. He was murdered by his son. An Qingxu, son of An Lushan, succeeded his father. He was murdered by rebels. Shi Siming (703–761, age 58), a lieutenant under An Lushan, succeeded An Qingxu. He was murdered by his son. Shi Chaoyi, son of Shi Siming, succeeded his father. He committed suicide after losing

to Li Huaixian.

References

Sources

* * * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Yan (An-Shi) Former countries in Chinese history States and territories established in the 750s 756 establishments 763 disestablishments * 8th-century establishments in China