William de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster and 4th Baron of Connaught (; ; 17 September 1312 – 6 June 1333) was an
Irish
Irish may refer to:
Common meanings
* Someone or something of, from, or related to:
** Ireland, an island situated off the north-western coast of continental Europe
***Éire, Irish language name for the isle
** Northern Ireland, a constituent unit ...
noble
A noble is a member of the nobility.
Noble may also refer to:
Places Antarctica
* Noble Glacier, King George Island
* Noble Nunatak, Marie Byrd Land
* Noble Peak, Wiencke Island
* Noble Rocks, Graham Land
Australia
* Noble Island, Gr ...
who was
Lieutenant of Ireland (1331) and whose murder, aged 20, led to the
Burke Civil War
The Burke/de Burgh Civil War was a conflict in Ireland from 1333 to 1338 between three leading members of the de Burgh (Burke/ Bourke) Anglo-Norman family resulting in the division into three clans.
Background
Twenty-year-old William Donn de ...
.
Background
The grandson of the 2nd Earl
Richard Óg de Burgh via his second son,
John
John is a common English name and surname:
* John (given name)
* John (surname)
John may also refer to:
New Testament
Works
* Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John
* First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John
* Secon ...
, William de Burgh was also
Lord of Connaught
Lord of Connaught (Connacht) was a title used by several Norman barons in Ireland. Granted to William de Burgh, the lordship was claimed by his son, Richard Mor de Burgh, and his descendants.
Conquest
During the Norman invasion of Ireland, Willia ...
in
Ireland
Ireland ( ; ga, Éire ; Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean, in Northwestern Europe, north-western Europe. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel (Grea ...
, and held the manor of
Clare, Suffolk.
He was summoned to Parliament from 10 December 1327 to 15 June 1328 by writs addressed to ''Willelmo de Burgh''. He is considered the first
Baron Burgh
Baron Burgh (; ; or ; ) is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of England.
The first creation was for William de Burgh in 1327, who was later Earl of Ulster, and both these titles later merged with the Crown in 1461.
The secon ...
. In March 1331 he was appointed
Lieutenant of Ireland, serving until November 1331.
Marriage and issue
The 3rd Earl of Ulster married, before 16 November 1327 (by a Papal
Dispensation dated 1 May 1327),
Maud of Lancaster, daughter of
Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster
Henry, 3rd Earl of Leicester and Lancaster ( – 22 September 1345) was a grandson of King Henry III of England (1216–1272) and was one of the principals behind the deposition of King Edward II of England, Edward II (1307–1327), his first c ...
and
Maud Chaworth
Maud de Chaworth (2 February 1282 – 3 December 1322) was an English noblewoman and wealthy heiress. She was the only child of Patrick de Chaworth. Sometime before 2 March 1297, she married Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster, by whom she had seven c ...
. They had one surviving child,
Elizabeth
Elizabeth or Elisabeth may refer to:
People
* Elizabeth (given name), a female given name (including people with that name)
* Elizabeth (biblical figure), mother of John the Baptist
Ships
* HMS ''Elizabeth'', several ships
* ''Elisabeth'' (sch ...
, who was 13 months old when her father was murdered.
She married
Lionel of Antwerp
Lionel of Antwerp, Duke of Clarence, (; 29 November 133817 October 1368) was the third son, but the second son to survive infancy, of the English king Edward III and Philippa of Hainault. He was named after his birthplace, at Antwerp in the Duc ...
, third son of
Edward III of England
Edward III (13 November 1312 – 21 June 1377), also known as Edward of Windsor before his accession, was King of England and Lord of Ireland from January 1327 until his death in 1377. He is noted for his military success and for restoring ro ...
.
Maud remarried Sir Ralph Ufford,
Justiciar of Ireland
The chief governor was the senior official in the Dublin Castle administration, which maintained English and British rule in Ireland from the 1170s to 1922. The chief governor was the viceroy of the English monarch (and later the British monarch ...
1344–46, and had further issue. She was said to have great influence over her second husband.
Murder
![Lough Foyle View - geograph](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Lough_Foyle_View_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1298267.jpg)
In February 1332, at
Greencastle, near the mouth of
Lough Foyle, he had his cousin Sir
Walter Liath de Burgh
Sir Walter Liath de Burgh (; ; died February 1332) was an Anglo-Irish noble whose imprisonment by the Earl of Ulster and death from starvation led to the Earl's murder the following year.
De Burgh was the eldest son of Sir William Liath de ...
starved to death. In revenge, Sir Walter's sister,
Gylle de Burgh
Gylle de Burgh (; ; fl. 1332) was an Anglo-Irish noblewoman and wife of Richard de Manderville.
De Burgh was the only daughter of Sir William Liath de Burgh (died 1323) and a sister of Sir Walter Liath de Burgh. Walter was captured and starv ...
, wife of Sir Richard de Mandeville, planned his assassination.
In June 1333, he was killed by de Mandeville, Sir John de Logan, and others. His widow, Maud (or Matilda), offered a reward for the capture of de Mandeville and his wife.
The ''
Annals of the Four Masters
The ''Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland'' ( ga, Annála Ríoghachta Éireann) or the ''Annals of the Four Masters'' (''Annála na gCeithre Máistrí'') are chronicles of medieval Irish history. The entries span from the Deluge, dated as 2,24 ...
'' noted that "William Burke, Earl of Ulster, was killed by the English of Ulster. The Englishmen who committed this deed were put to death, in divers ways, by the people of the King of England; some were hanged, others killed, and others torn asunder, in revenge of his death."
Maud fled to
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe b ...
, where she remarried, was again widowed in 1346, and then became an
Augustinian Augustinian may refer to:
*Augustinians, members of religious orders following the Rule of St Augustine
*Augustinianism, the teachings of Augustine of Hippo and his intellectual heirs
*Someone who follows Augustine of Hippo
* Canons Regular of Sain ...
canoness at
Campsey Priory
Campsey Priory, (''Campesse'', ''Kampessie'', etc.), was a religious house of Augustinian canonesses at Campsea Ashe, Suffolk, about 1.5 miles (2.5 km) south east of Wickham Market. It was founded shortly before 1195 on behalf of two of h ...
in
Suffolk, where she is buried. Upon his death, the various factions of the de Burghs, now called Burke, began the
Burke Civil War
The Burke/de Burgh Civil War was a conflict in Ireland from 1333 to 1338 between three leading members of the de Burgh (Burke/ Bourke) Anglo-Norman family resulting in the division into three clans.
Background
Twenty-year-old William Donn de ...
for supremacy.
Ancestry
References
Further reading
*
* ''Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700'' by Frederick Lewis Weis; Lines 73–30, 177B-8, 177B-9.
* ''The Tribes and customs of Hy-Many'',
John O'Donovan, 1843
* ''The Surnames of Ireland'',
Edward MacLysaght
Edgeworth Lysaght, later Edward Anthony Edgeworth Lysaght, and from 1920 Edward MacLysaght ( ga, Éamonn Mac Giolla Iasachta; 6 November 1887 – 4 March 1986) was a genealogist of twentieth century Ireland. His numerous books on Irish surnames ...
,
Dublin
Dublin (; , or ) is the capital and largest city of Republic of Ireland, Ireland. On a bay at the mouth of the River Liffey, it is in the Provinces of Ireland, province of Leinster, bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of th ...
, 1978.
* ''The Anglo-Normans in Co. Galway: the process of colonization'', Patrick Holland, ''Journal of the
Galway Archaeological and Historical Society
The Galway Archaeological and Historical Society was founded on 21 March 1900, at the Railway Hotel, Galway. It promotes the study of the archaeology and history of the west of Ireland. Since 1900, the Society has published 70 volumes of the ''J ...
'', vol. 41 (1987–88)
* ''Excavation on the line of the medieval town defences of Loughrea, Co. Galway'', ''Journal of the
Galway Archaeological and Historical Society
The Galway Archaeological and Historical Society was founded on 21 March 1900, at the Railway Hotel, Galway. It promotes the study of the archaeology and history of the west of Ireland. Since 1900, the Society has published 70 volumes of the ''J ...
'', vol. 41, (1987–88)
* ''Anglo-Norman Galway; rectangular earthworks and moated sites'', Patrick Holland, ''Journal of the
Galway Archaeological and Historical Society
The Galway Archaeological and Historical Society was founded on 21 March 1900, at the Railway Hotel, Galway. It promotes the study of the archaeology and history of the west of Ireland. Since 1900, the Society has published 70 volumes of the ''J ...
'', vol. 46 (1993)
* '' Rindown Castle: a royal fortress in Co. Roscommon'', Sheelagh Harbison'', ''Journal of the
Galway Archaeological and Historical Society
The Galway Archaeological and Historical Society was founded on 21 March 1900, at the Railway Hotel, Galway. It promotes the study of the archaeology and history of the west of Ireland. Since 1900, the Society has published 70 volumes of the ''J ...
'', vol. 47 (1995)
* ''The Anglo-Norman landscape in County Galway; land-holdings, castles and settlements'', Patrick Holland, ''Journal of the
Galway Archaeological and Historical Society
The Galway Archaeological and Historical Society was founded on 21 March 1900, at the Railway Hotel, Galway. It promotes the study of the archaeology and history of the west of Ireland. Since 1900, the Society has published 70 volumes of the ''J ...
'', vol. 49 (1997)
* ''Annals of Ulster'' a
CELT: Corpus of Electronic Textsa
University College Cork* ''Annals of Tigernach'' a
a
University College Corkof McCarthy's synchronisms at
Trinity College Dublin
, name_Latin = Collegium Sanctae et Individuae Trinitatis Reginae Elizabethae juxta Dublin
, motto = ''Perpetuis futuris temporibus duraturam'' (Latin)
, motto_lang = la
, motto_English = It will last i ...
.
{{DEFAULTSORT:De Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster, William Donn
1312 births
1333 deaths
William
William is a male given name of Germanic origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of Engl ...
Burgh
People from Clare, Suffolk
Nobility from County Limerick
People from County Galway
14th-century Irish people
Lords Lieutenant of Ireland
Barons Burgh