Wyong Shire was a

local government area A local government area (LGA) is an administrative division of a country that a local government is responsible for. The size of an LGA varies by country but it is generally a subdivision of a federated state, state, province, division (politica ...

located in the Central Coast region of

New South Wales New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, and South ...

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

. The incorporation of the Wyong area dates back to 7 March 1906 when the entire area of the Brisbane Water Police District outside of the Town of Gosford was proclaimed as the

Erina Shire The Shire of Erina was a local government area covering the majority of the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. The shire was proclaimed on 7 March 1906 as a result of the passing of the ''Local Government (Shires) Act 1905'' an ...

. From 1 January 1947, local government in the Central Coast region was reorganised, creating ''Gosford Shire'' and ''Wyong Shire'', which comprised Erina Shire north and east of Kulnura, Central Mangrove and Lisarow. Until its abolition in 2016, Wyong Shire was located around the coastal lake system of

Tuggerah Lake Tuggerah Lake, an intermittently open intermediate wave dominated barrier estuary that is part of the Tuggerah Lakes, is located within the local government area in the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. The lake is locat ...

, Budgewoi Lake and Lake Munmorah. The area included a coastal strip from Bateau Bay to

Budgewoi Budgewoi ( ) is a coastal town that is located on the Central Coast of New South Wales, Australia. Budgewoi is situated on two peninsulas that is split by the Budgewoi Lake. The town is located about 114 km northeast of Sydney. It is part ...

, some lakeside towns and residential areas, some inland towns on the coastal plain and a sparsely populated region to the west with the rural townships of Yarramalong, Dooralong, Jilliby, and regions of native bush surrounding Kulnura. Wyong Shire's administrative centre was located in the town of

Wyong Wyong () is a town on the Central Coast of New South Wales, Australia. It is located approximately South-South-West of Newcastle and North-North-East of the state capital Sydney. Established in , it is one of the two administrative centres fo ...

, and the council maintained service and information centres at The Entrance,

Tuggerah Tuggerah () is a large commercial hub and a suburb of the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. It is located approximately 91 km north of Sydney and 68 km south of Newcastle. It is the second largest business hub, major ...

, and Lake Haven. In May 2016 Wyong Shire was amalgamated with the

City of Gosford The City of Gosford was a Local government in Australia, local government area that was located in the Central Coast (New South Wales), Central Coast region in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The incorporation of Gosford dates back to ...

to form Central Coast Council. The last

mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a Municipal corporation, municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilitie ...

of Wyong Shire was Cr. Doug Eaton, an

independent Independent or Independents may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Artist groups * Independents (artist group), a group of modernist painters based in Pennsylvania, United States * Independentes (English: Independents), a Portuguese artist ...

politician.

Suburbs and localities in the local government area

Suburbs, towns and localities in the Wyong Shire were:

Council history

Early history

The traditional Aboriginal inhabitants of the lands now known as the

Brisbane Water Brisbane Water is a wave-dominated barrier estuary located in the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. Brisbane Water has its origin at the confluence of the Narara and Coorumbine Creeks, to the south–east of Gosford and trav ...

were the Guringai people of the

Eora The Eora (; also ''Yura'') are an Aboriginal Australian people of New South Wales. Eora is the name given by the earliest European settlers to a group of Aboriginal people belonging to the clans along the coastal area of what is now known as ...

nation. The Darkingung people occupied large areas inland west towards

Rylstone Rylstone is a village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England. It is situated very near to Cracoe and about south west of Grassington. The population of the civil parish as of the 2001 census was 122, and had risen to 160 ...

, and north to Cessnock and Wollombi. The area now known as Wyong Shire developed alongside Putty Road, connecting Sydney and the

Hunter Valley The Hunter Region, also commonly known as the Hunter Valley, Newcastle Region, or simply Hunter, spans the region in northern New South Wales, Australia, extending from approximately to north of Sydney. It contains the Hunter River and its ...

, with agriculture and timber forming the early industries. On the opening of the railway in 1889 to

Newcastle Newcastle usually refers to: *Newcastle upon Tyne, a city and metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear, England, United Kingdom *Newcastle-under-Lyme, a town in Staffordshire, England, United Kingdom *Newcastle, New South Wales, a metropolitan area ...

the focus of commercial activity shifted eastward to the Town of Wyong. By 1903 the Norah Head Lighthouse was built and the first few houses and tourist accommodations began to appear along the coast. In 1811, the

Governor of New South Wales The governor of New South Wales is the representative of the monarch, King Charles III, in the state of New South Wales. In an analogous way to the governor-general of Australia, Governor-General of Australia at the national level, the governor ...

Lachlan Macquarie Major-general (United Kingdom), Major General Lachlan Macquarie, Companion of the Order of the Bath, CB (; ; 31 January 1762 – 1 July 1824) was a British Army officer and colonial administrator from Scotland. Macquarie served as the fifth Gove ...

, gave the first

land grant A land grant is a gift of real estate—land or its use privileges—made by a government or other authority as an incentive, means of enabling works, or as a reward for services to an individual, especially in return for military service. Grants ...

in the region to William Nash, a former marine of the

First Fleet The First Fleet were eleven British ships which transported a group of settlers to mainland Australia, marking the beginning of the History of Australia (1788–1850), European colonisation of Australia. It consisted of two Royal Navy vessel ...

. No further grants were made in the area until 1821. In 1840, the Brisbane Water Police District was proclaimed covering the area from the Hawkesbury River to Lake Macquarie and which administered local government under the control of magistrates. In 1843, the Brisbane Water District Council was proclaimed on the same boundaries as the Police District, and replaced the appointed magistrates with an elected council as part of an early attempt to establish local government administration throughout the colony. This experiment in local government was not very successful, with much public opposition focused on the issue of increased taxation, and a lack of oversight and faulty administration led to the collapse of many of these District Councils. The Brisbane Water District Council had ceased to exist by 1855, and the NSW Parliament passed the ''Municipalities Act'' in 1858, which allowed for the creation of Municipalities and Boroughs if a petition of as few as 50 signatures was presented to the government. However, no petition was ever sent from the residents of Brisbane Water to the government under this act, and local matters reverted to the police magistrates for determination.GDHRA, p. 14.

Erina Shire

On 11 November 1886, the Town of Gosford was incorporated as the "Borough of Gosford", with an area of 1,840 acres in and around Gosford. The remaining area of the Brisbane Water Police District outside of Gosford continued to be administered by the police magistrates until 1906. From 7 March 1906, this area became the

, when it was proclaimed by the NSW Government Gazette along with 132 other new Shires as a result of the passing of the ''

Local Government (Shires) Act 1905 Local Government (Shires) Act 1905 was a landmark New South Wales statute notable for the compulsory incorporation of local government areas A local government area (LGA) is an administrative division of a country that a local government is ...

''. On 16 May 1906, the Shire was divided in to three Ridings (A, B, C) and five temporary Councillors were appointed (John Bourke of Kincumber, John Martin Moroney of Woy Woy, Harold Stanley Robinson of Penang, Manasseh Ward of Gosford, and Alexander Wilkinson of Wyong). The Temporary Council first met at Gosford Courthouse on 13 June 1906 and Manasseh Ward was elected as the chairman. SLNSW 796359 Council Chambers Gosford

Following desire from Gosford to merge with Erina Shire, a proposal for a six-ward Erina Shire with Gosford becoming F Riding was subsequently proclaimed and came into effect on 23 January 1908. The new Shire Council Chambers on Mann Street, Gosford, were officially opened on 4 May 1912. On 27 April 1928 a proposal for the separation of the Woy Woy peninsula was received and the Shire of Woy Woy was subsequently proclaimed on 1 August 1928. Following a January 1936 petition from Gosford and Point Clare residents and a public inquiry that recommended a new Gosford municipality, Erina Shire was divided again to re-form the Municipality of Gosford on 24 October 1936, including the areas of the former Gosford Municipality abolished in 1908 and also new areas from Narara to Woy Woy and Point Clare. Following significant debate about the provision of electricity undertakings across the Central Coast, including over the split between Erina Shire and Gosford, on 16 October 1942 Gosford Municipality combined with the Shires of Erina and Woy Woy to form the Brisbane Water County Council to provide electricity to the combined area of the three councils. The County Council operated as an electricity and gas supplier and retailer and was managed by representatives of the three councils. The County Council operated until its amalgamation with the

Sydney County Council The Sydney County Council (SCC) was a County council (New South Wales), county council established in 1935 to produce electricity and operate the electricity network in a number of municipalities in metropolitan Sydney. SCC was established by t ...

from 1 January 1980.

Wyong Shire

In June 1945, Erina Shire resolved to investigate the reconstitution of local government on the Central Coast into two shires and following further discussions a formal proposal was presented to the Minister for Local Government,

Joseph Cahill John Joseph Cahill (21 January 189122 October 1959), also known as Joe Cahill or J. J. Cahill, was a long-serving New South Wales politician, railway worker, trade unionist and New South Wales Labor Party, Labor Party Premier of New South Wale ...

, in October 1945. Nevertheless, the proposal proved divisive, with Gosford and the Wyong section of Erina Shire in favour and the rest of Erina Shire and Woy Woy Shire opposed. The formal government inquiry subsequently supported the proposal and in April 1946, Cahill notified the councils of his intention to proceed. On 1 January 1947, part of Erina Shire, all of Woy Woy Shire and the Municipality of Gosford formed Gosford Shire, and the remainder of Erina Shire north and east of Kulnura, Central Mangrove and Lisarow formed Wyong Shire. Following the changes, the new Wyong Shire Council initially rented the old Erina Shire offices in Gosford, but soon acquired some army huts from Cowra and had them moved to Wyong to serve as temporary Council Chambers, which were officially opened by Minister Joseph Cahill on 4 February 1948. These chambers were later replaced by a more substantial Council Administration Building at 2 Hely Street Wyong completed in 1959. With Gosford establishing a Library Service in 1948, Wyong Shire took longer to deliver its own Library Service by 1959, having delayed a proposal on cost grounds in 1951, and held a referendum on the question in December 1953 which was resolved in favour of adopting the ''Library Act, 1939''. Wyong Shire Council formally adopted the act in 1958 and opened the first public library service on the ground floor of the Council Chambers in May 1959. The Wyong Library Service eventually expanded to five branches at Toukley, The Entrance, Tuggerah (1995), Lake Haven (2002), and Bay Village.

Establishment of Central Coast Council and abolition of Wyong Shire Council

In 2015 a review of local government boundaries by the

NSW Government The Government of New South Wales, also known as the NSW Government, is the executive state government of New South Wales, Australia. The government comprises 11 portfolios, led by a ministerial department and supported by several agencies. Th ...

Independent Pricing and Regulatory Tribunal recommended that Wyong Shire and Gosford City councils merge to form one single council with an area of and support a population of approximately 331,007. This proposal was supported Wyong Shire and Gosford City councils, who had submitted the proposal to merge as part of the NSW Government's ''Fit for the Future'' reform process. On 12 May 2016, with the release of the ''Local Government (Council Amalgamations) Proclamation 2016'', the Central Coast Council was formed from Wyong Shire and Gosford City councils. The first meeting of the Central Coast Council was held at the Wyong Civic Centre on 25 May 2016, with meetings alternating between Gosford and Wyong.

Water supply

The first centralised water supply system was implemented in Wyong in 1929–1930 when a reservoir was constructed on Chapman Hill and water was pumped to it from the Wyong River, with the northern areas of Wyong Shire covered from the 1950s. In 1965 the Entrance Water Supply Scheme officially opened, which provided water to most of Wyong Shire, which included the Mooney Mooney Dam (1961), the Mardi Dam and Wyong River Weir (1962). In 1977 Gosford and Wyong councils agreed to share the costs of operating, building and maintaining water supply throughout the region and the Gosford/Wyong Joint Water Supply Committee was established. The Committee completed construction of the Mangrove Creek Dam in 1978–1982. This committee became the Gosford/Wyong Councils' Water Authority in 1998, but was superseded by the Central Coast Water Corporation with the passing of the to create one water supply authority in the region. The eventually came into effect in 2011 when the Gosford/Wyong Councils' Water Authority Board was dissolved and Water Corporation Board was appointed. The Central Coast Water Corporation ceased to exist with the amalgamation of Gosford and Wyong Councils, with the establishment of a business unit within Central Coast Council to manage water supply.

Warnervale Airport

In 1972–1973, Wyong Shire Council developed a large site in Warnervale as an airstrip for light aircraft, which became Warnervale Airport. However, early on in its history, the airport was earmarked as a potential source of economic growth in the region, with the State Government's 1977 Structure Plan for the Gosford-Wyong area designating Warnervale as a regional airport for general aviation, commuter operations and airport related industry. In 1994 Wyong Shire Council opened for expressions of interest in a large redevelopment of the Warnervale area alongside a significant upgrade of the airport, and a proposal by Traders Finance Australia to develop the airport was accepted in January 1995, with contracts being signed in July 1995. A group of local residents, supported by the state MP for Wyong, Paul Crittenden, responded by forming the Central Coast Airport Action Group, and taking the Wyong Shire Council to the Land and Environment Court to fight the move. In the case of ''Jorg Michael Breitkopf v Wyong Council'', which made claims against the validity of the approved Development Application for the airport development, the Court rejected the appeal and ordered payment of costs from Breitkopf, representing the residents group. However, Crittenden moved a

private member's bill A private member's bill is a bill (proposed law) introduced into a legislature by a legislator who is not acting on behalf of the executive branch. The designation "private member's bill" is used in most Westminster system jurisdictions, in wh ...

in parliament which was supported by Planning Minister

Craig Knowles Craig John Knowles (born 27 February 1959) is a former Australian politician and member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1990 to 2005. Early life Knowles' parents were Marie and Stan Knowles, member for Ingleburn from 1981 to ...

, and the ('WAR Act') was passed in July 1996. This Act restricted aircraft movements, the length and siting of the runway, and any future expansion of airport operations, and compensated residents for $65,000 in legal bills. This Act severely restricted development of the airport by imposing restrictions on landings and take-offs per day that ensured that a longer runway would never be economically viable, with Wyong Mayor Tony Sheridan noting that the delay in the development had "jeopardised hundreds, if not thousands, of local jobs which would be generated by the airport upgrading and the increase in tourism". In 1999, the Wyong Shire Council proposed extending the runway to 1600 metres to cater for jet aircraft of between 50 and 116 passengers, but the plans were eventually scrapped in a council meeting in February 2003 and decided instead on other options for development, including assisting the establishment of a $100 million distribution centre for

Woolworths Limited Woolworths Group Limited is an Australian multinational retail and finance company, primarily known for the operation of its retail chain Woolworths Supermarkets across Australia, Woolworths (previously known as Countdown) in New Zealand and ...

on part of the land initially earmarked for the airport upgrade. In 2015 Wyong Shire Council wrote to the Minister for Planning asking for the WAR Act to be reviewed, and publicly advocated for the Act's repeal. This set off a series of NSW Government reviews of the act to determine its future, with the most recent review in April 2020 recommending the repeal of the act. With the public release of this review, in July 2020 the Minister for Planning and Public Spaces, Rob Stokes, announced the government's acceptance of all the report's recommendations, including the act's repeal, and the ''Warnervale Airport (Restrictions) Repeal Bill 2020'' was passed by the Legislative Assembly on 14 October 2020, receiving

royal assent Royal assent is the method by which a monarch formally approves an act of the legislature, either directly or through an official acting on the monarch's behalf. In some jurisdictions, royal assent is equivalent to promulgation, while in othe ...

on 24 February 2021 .

Demographics

At the , there were people in the Wyong Shire local government area, of these 48.3% were male and 51.7% were female.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people Indigenous Australians are people with familial heritage from, or recognised membership of, the various ethnic groups living within the territory of contemporary Australia prior to British colonisation. They consist of two distinct groups, w ...

made up 3.6% of the population which is higher than the national average. The

median The median of a set of numbers is the value separating the higher half from the lower half of a Sample (statistics), data sample, a statistical population, population, or a probability distribution. For a data set, it may be thought of as the “ ...

age of people in the Wyong Shire was 40 years; significantly higher than the national median age of 37 years. Children aged 0 – 14 years made up 20.2% of the population and people aged 65 years and over made up 18.8% of the population; 34% higher than the national average in this age bracket. Of people in the area aged 15 years and over, 46.4% were married and 15.0% were either divorced or separated. Population growth in the Wyong Shire between the 2001 Census and the 2006 Census was 7.10%; and in the subsequent five years to the 2011 Census, population growth was 7.11%. When compared with total population growth of Australia for the same periods, being 5.78% and 8.32% respectively, population growth in the Wyong Shire local government area was on par with the national average. The median weekly income for residents within the Wyong Shire was significantly lower than the national average. At the 2011 Census, the proportion of residents in the Wyong Shire local government area who stated their

ancestry An ancestor, also known as a forefather, fore-elder, or a forebear, is a parent or ( recursively) the parent of an antecedent (i.e., a grandparent, great-grandparent, great-great-grandparent and so forth). ''Ancestor'' is "any person from ...

Australian Australian(s) may refer to: Australia * Australia, a country * Australians, citizens of the Commonwealth of Australia ** European Australians ** Anglo-Celtic Australians, Australians descended principally from British colonists ** Aboriginal Aus ...

Anglo-Saxon The Anglo-Saxons, in some contexts simply called Saxons or the English, were a Cultural identity, cultural group who spoke Old English and inhabited much of what is now England and south-eastern Scotland in the Early Middle Ages. They traced t ...

approached 81% of all residents (national average was 65.2%). In excess of 65.0% of all residents in the Wyong Shire nominated a

religious Religion is a range of social- cultural systems, including designated behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that generally relate humanity to supernatural ...

affiliation with

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at the 2011 Census, which was significantly above the national average of 50.2%. Meanwhile, as at the Census date, compared to the national average, households in the Wyong Shire local government area had a lower than average proportion (6.0%) where two or more languages are spoken (national average was 20.4%); and a significantly higher proportion (91.8%) where English only was spoken at home (national average was 76.8%).

Council

Final composition and election method

Wyong Shire Council was composed of ten

councillor A councillor, alternatively councilman, councilwoman, councilperson, or council member, is someone who sits on, votes in, or is a member of, a council. This is typically an elected representative of an electoral district in a municipal or re ...

s elected proportionally as two separate wards (previously known as " ridings"), each electing five councillors. All councillors were elected for a fixed four-year term of office. The

was elected by the councillors at the first meeting of the council. The last election was held on 8 September 2012, and the composition of the council was: A

referendum A referendum, plebiscite, or ballot measure is a Direct democracy, direct vote by the Constituency, electorate (rather than their Representative democracy, representatives) on a proposal, law, or political issue. A referendum may be either bin ...

was held on 8 September 2012, and an

absolute majority A majority is more than half of a total; however, the term is commonly used with other meanings, as explained in the " Related terms" section below. It is a subset of a set consisting of more than half of the set's elements. For example, if a gr ...

of voters resolved in favour of the election of the mayor by electors for a four-year term, which necessarily increases the number of councillors by one. The change was to take effect at the next elections in September 2016, but Wyong Shire ceased to exist on 12 May 2016. With the first elections of Central Coast Council on 9 September 2017, former A Ward Councillors Doug Vincent and Greg Best were elected to Central Coast Council for Budgewoi Ward and former B Ward Councillor Lisa Matthews was elected to The Entrance Ward.

Shire Presidents and Mayors

The office of Shire President was retitled "Mayor" by the from 1 July 1993.

Shire Clerks and General Managers

The office of Shire Clerk was retitled "General Manager" by the from 1 July 1993.

Sister cities

Wyong Shire was a sister city to Tanabe,

Wakayama Prefecture is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu. Wakayama Prefecture has a population of 876,030 () and a geographic area of . Wakayama Prefecture borders Osaka Prefecture to the north, and Mie Prefecture and Nara Prefecture to ...

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, and

Southland District Southland District is a New Zealand Districts of New Zealand, territorial authority district that covers most of the southern end of the South Island as well as Stewart Island. History Southland District was formed through the 1989 local govern ...

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until 2010 when ties were severed for financial reasons.

Heritage listings

The first heritage listings within Wyong Shire were made under th
Wyong Local Environmental Plan 1991
with 93 heritage items. In 2011, Wyong Council completed a review of existing heritage items and recommended 62 additional heritage items (including 2 conservation areas) to be incorporated into the ne
Wyong Local Environmental Plan 2013
bringing the total number of heritage-listed sites in Wyong Shire to 159. The Wyong Shire area has a diverse range of heritage listings and conservation areas, including those listed on the

New South Wales State Heritage Register The New South Wales State Heritage Register, also known as NSW State Heritage Register, is a heritage list of places in the state of New South Wales, Australia, that are protected by New South Wales legislation, generally covered by the Heritag ...

(SHR)
Section 170 Registers
(s.170), and the Wyong Local Environmental Plan 2013 (LEP): * Norah Head, Bush Street: Norah Head Lightstation Precinct (SHR & LEP) * Noraville, 3 Elizabeth Drive: Hargraves House, Noraville (SHR & LEP) * Ourimbah, Pacific Highway: Ourimbah railway station (s.170 & LEP) * The Entrance, 71-78 The Entrance Road: The Entrance Hotel (LEP) *The Entrance, 199-209 The Entrance Road: The Lakes Hotel (LEP) * The Entrance, Ocean Parade: The Entrance Ocean Pools (SHR & LEP) * Wyong, 2 Hely Street: Wyong Shire Council Chambers (LEP) * Wyong, Pacific Highway:

Wyong railway station Wyong () is a town on the Central Coast of New South Wales, Australia. It is located approximately South-South-West of Newcastle and North-North-East of the state capital Sydney. Established in , it is one of the two administrative centres f ...

(s.170 & LEP) * Wyong, 98 Pacific Highway: Rural Bank (former) (LEP) * Wyong, 8 Rankens Court: Wyong Public School (Former) (LEP) * Yarramalong, Yarramalong Road: St Barnabas Anglican Church (SHR & LEP)

References

External links

Wyong Shire Council website (''Archived'')
{{Authority control

Central Coast (New South Wales)

1947 establishments in Australia 2016 disestablishments in Australia