West Vancouver is a

district municipality A district municipality is a designation for a class of municipalities found in several locations, including Canada, Lithuania, and South Africa. Canada British Columbia Under provincial law, municipalities in British Columbia are to be desi ...

in the province of

British Columbia British Columbia is the westernmost Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada. Situated in the Pacific Northwest between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains, the province has a diverse geography, with rugged landscapes that ...

, Canada. A member municipality of the

Metro Vancouver Regional District The Metro Vancouver Regional District (MVRD), or simply Metro Vancouver, is a Canadian political subdivision and corporate entity representing the metropolitan area of Greater Vancouver, designated by provincial legislation as one of the 2 ...

, West Vancouver is situated on the north shore of

Burrard Inlet Burrard Inlet () is a shallow-sided fjord in the northwestern Lower Mainland, British Columbia, Canada. Formed during the last Ice Age, it separates the City of Vancouver and the rest of the lowland Burrard Peninsula to the south from the coa ...

to the northwest of the city of

Vancouver Vancouver is a major city in Western Canada, located in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia. As the List of cities in British Columbia, most populous city in the province, the 2021 Canadian census recorded 662,248 people in the cit ...

. With the

District of North Vancouver The District of North Vancouver is a district municipality in British Columbia, Canada, situated north of the city of Vancouver across the Burrard Inlet. It surrounds the respective City of North Vancouver on three sides, and the remaining ...

and the City of North Vancouver, West Vancouver is part of a regional grouping known as the North Shore municipalities. It is among the wealthiest municipalities in Canada by average household net worth. West Vancouver is home to the

Horseshoe Bay ferry terminal Horseshoe Bay is a major ferry terminal of BC Ferries in British Columbia, Canada. Located in the community of Horseshoe Bay, a neighbourhood of West Vancouver, the terminal provides a vehicle ferry link from the Lower Mainland to Vancouver Isla ...

, one of the main transportation hubs connecting the British Columbia mainland and

Vancouver Island Vancouver Island is an island in the northeastern Pacific Ocean and part of the Canadian province of British Columbia. The island is in length, in width at its widest point, and in total area, while are of land. The island is the largest ...

, and to much of

Cypress Provincial Park Cypress Provincial Park is a provincial park on the North Shore of Metro Vancouver Regional District, British Columbia. The park has two sections: a southern section which is accessible by road from West Vancouver, and a northern section whic ...

History

West Vancouver 1942 15th Ottawa William Mcphee

The Municipality of West Vancouver was incorporated on March 15, 1912, after separating from the

. The first municipal election was held on April 6, 1912. In November 1938, the

Lions Gate Bridge The Lions Gate Bridge, opened in 1938 and officially known as the First Narrows Bridge, is a suspension bridge that crosses the First Narrows (Vancouver), first narrows of Burrard Inlet and connects the City of Vancouver, British Columbia, to ...

was opened to traffic, allowing extensive growth of the semi-populated community, previously only accessible by ferry. Some homes in West Vancouver date back to the 1920s and 30s, though most of the currently existing dwellings were built in the 1970s and 80s, and mostly in British Pacific Properties' developments.

Timeline

* 1792: Captain

George Vancouver Captain (Royal Navy), Captain George Vancouver (; 22 June 1757 – 10 May 1798) was a Royal Navy officer and explorer best known for leading the Vancouver Expedition, which explored and charted North America's northwestern West Coast of the Uni ...

names Point Atkinson * 1866: John Thomas, known as "Navvy Jack", sailed from England or Wales, arriving in Burrard Inlet, in about 1866. He was the first white resident of West Vancouver, offered first ferry service to what be known as Vancouver in a rowboat. His house still stands today at Ambleside and there is a Navvy Jack Point. Thomas' nickname Navvy Jack today remains used in British Columbia English to mean washed pea

gravel Gravel () is a loose aggregation of rock fragments. Gravel occurs naturally on Earth as a result of sedimentation, sedimentary and erosion, erosive geological processes; it is also produced in large quantities commercially as crushed stone. Gr ...

used in construction and landscaping trades, as he was the original supplier of the material to Vancouver and mined it from coves in West Vancouver. * 1872: James Blake preempted the first of land * 1875: First lighthouse at Point Atkinson * 1898: Mr. Francis Caulfeild was put ashore at Skunk Cove * 1905: John Lawson, a local leader settled at foot of 17th street * 1908: First pier, Hollyburn Pier * 1909: ** West Vancouver Transportation Company was formed, provides ferry service across harbour to Vancouver ** "Real estate boom" lots sold for as little as $450 and as much as $4,500 * 1910: Water systems started at Caulfeild and Ambleside * 1911: First primary school, Presbyterian Church at Dundarave * 1912: ** West Vancouver separated from the District Municipality of North Vancouver and incorporated on March 15, 1912. ** Population was approximately 1,500 people ** First municipal election ** Council appointed John Teare as the first police constable on May 17. F.H. Kettle was appointed the second constable on May 28 ** West Vancouver Transit System opens for public use * 1913: Hollyburn Elementary School structure built, facility of the longest existing school in West Vancouver * 1914: ** First known settlement, the Coast Salish village at Sandy Cove **

Pacific Great Eastern Railway The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean, or, depending on the definition, to Antarctica in the south, and is bounded by the contine ...

in service from North Vancouver to Caulfeild and Horseshoe Bay ** Colonel Albert Whyte pressed for a spelling change from White Cliff City to Whytecliff * 1915: ** Dundarave Pier built ** Marine Drive was officially opened by Premier

Richard McBride Sir Richard McBride, (December 15, 1870 – August 6, 1917) was a British Columbia politician and is often considered the founder of the British Columbia Conservative Party. McBride was first elected to the provincial legislature in the 1898 ...

* 1922:

British Columbia Electric Railway The British Columbia Electric Railway (BCER) was an historic railway which operated in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. Originally the parent company for, and later a division of, BC Electric Company (now BC Hydro), the BCER assumed cont ...

starts electrical service * 1923: Adopted STV for city elections (discontinued in 1930) * 1924: House numbering scheme started * 1926: ** Marine Drive extended to Horseshoe Bay ** ''Town Planning Act'' banned any new industry forming an exclusively residential community with minimum lot sizes * 1927: Inglewood High School built * 1928: Direct telephone service to Vancouver operational * 1930: **

Septic tanks A septic tank is an underground chamber made of concrete, fiberglass, or plastic through which domestic wastewater (sewage) flows for basic sewage treatment. Settling and anaerobic digestion processes reduce solids and organics, but the treatment ...

made mandatory ** Only 48 of West Vancouver's 100 kilometres of roads paved * 1931: Dan Sewell opened his marina and the Whytecliff Lodge * 1932: of land bought by A.R. Guinness-Br. Pacific Properties bought for $50 a hectare, they have been developed as the

British Properties Originally known as Capilano Estates, the British Properties is a residential area in West Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The 4,000 acre area was sold by the municipality of West Vancouver to the British Pacific Properties Corporation in 193 ...

* 1934: First police car * 1936: Hollyburn Post Office built at 17th street and Marine Drive * 1938:

finished, opened May 29. The bridge cost a total of $6 million to build. It was financed by the

Guinness family The Guinness family is an extensive Irish family known for its achievements in brewing, banking, politics, and religious ministry. The brewing branch is particularly well known among the general public for producing the dry stout beer Guinnes ...

, in conjunction with the development and marketing of the British Properties. * 1947: Ferry service stopped due to lack of demand after bridge constructed * 1950: **

West Vancouver Memorial Library The West Vancouver Memorial Library (WVML) is a public library that serves the district municipality of West Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Early history The library was founded in 1950 as a memorial to honor those who gave their lives du ...

opened on November 11 (Remembrance Day) ** Park Royal Shopping Centre, Canada's first shopping centre opened * 1951: Hollyburn Mountain opens first chairlift * 1954: Public Safety Building opened. It housed the West Vancouver Police and Fire Departments * 1959: Rezoning allowed 78 apartment buildings in Ambleside * 1961: The Crescent Apartments, West Vancouver's first high rise apartment opened * 1963: Tolls on Lions Gate Bridge lifted on April 1 * 1967: Fire hall was built and opened on November 22, 1967, at 16th and Fulton Ave. The Police Department remained in the Public Safety building * 1973: Clyde McRae completes a

world record A world record is usually the best global and most important performance that is ever recorded and officially verified in a specific skill, sport, or other kind of activity. The book ''Guinness World Records'' and other world records organizatio ...

walk across Canada on Ambleside Beach.

Facilities

West Vancouver is mainly a residential district as many residents are retired, work at home, or take the short commute to downtown Vancouver. A 13-block strip of Marine Drive serves as a commercial district, featuring shops, small offices, garages and gas stations, restaurants, banks, and other common amenities. The area between 13th and 19th Streets is commonly known as Ambleside Village, and the area between 24th and 26th Streets is known as the village of Dundarave. This commercial area is served by the Ambleside Dundarave Business Improvement Association. West Vancouver is also home to

Park Royal Shopping Centre Park Royal Shopping Centre, also known as simply Park Royal, opened in 1950, is a shopping mall located in West Vancouver and X̱wemelch'stn, British Columbia, Canada. Park Royal was Canada's first covered shopping mall. Park Royal has seen multipl ...

, Canada's first mall. Opened in the 1950s, it now consumes of both sides of Marine Drive near North Vancouver. Park Royal is the second largest mall in British Columbia, after

Metropolis at Metrotown Metropolis at Metrotown (commonly referred to as Metrotown) is a three-storey shopping mall complex in the Metrotown area of Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada. Opened in 1986, it is the largest mall in British Columbia and the third-largest ...

Burnaby Burnaby is a city in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia, Canada. Located in the centre of the Burrard Peninsula, it neighbours the City of Vancouver to the west, the District of North Vancouver across the confluence of the Burrard In ...

. Located nearby is a major bus terminal for Blue Bus and North Vancouver TransLink buses. The

, located in Ambleside, has a circulation rate of 21.32 per capita, the highest circulation rate per capita in Canada.

Demographics

At the

2021 Canadian census The 2021 Canadian census was a detailed enumeration of the Canada, Canadian population with a reference date of May 11, 2021. It follows the 2016 Canadian census, which recorded a population of 35,151,728. The overall response rate was 98%, whic ...

conducted by

Statistics Canada Statistics Canada (StatCan; ), formed in 1971, is the agency of the Government of Canada commissioned with producing statistics to help better understand Canada, its population, resources, economy, society, and culture. It is headquartered in ...

, West Vancouver had a population of 44,122 living in 17,690 of its 18,795 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of 42,473. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021. West Vancouver has the second highest percentage of persons aged 65 or older in BC with 22% of persons fitting into the category, compared with 13% for the rest of the province. The top five professions in West Vancouver are professional science and technical services; retail trade; health care; finance and insurance; and educational services. A large portion of the population is involved in senior management in comparison with the rest of the province.''2001 Census Profile of British Columbia's Regions'', ''West Vancouver DM'' BC Stats (subscription service)

Ethnicity

Religion

According to the 2021 census, religious groups in West Vancouver included: *

Irreligion Irreligion is the absence or rejection of religious beliefs or practices. It encompasses a wide range of viewpoints drawn from various philosophical and intellectual perspectives, including atheism, agnosticism, religious skepticism, ...

(22,625 persons or 52.1%) *

Christianity Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion, which states that Jesus in Christianity, Jesus is the Son of God (Christianity), Son of God and Resurrection of Jesus, rose from the dead after his Crucifixion of Jesus, crucifixion, whose ...

(14,710 persons or 33.9%) *

Islam Islam is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number Islam by country, 2 billion worldwide and are the world ...

(3,855 persons or 8.9%) *

Buddhism Buddhism, also known as Buddhadharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and List of philosophies, philosophical tradition based on Pre-sectarian Buddhism, teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or ...

(650 persons or 1.5%) *

Judaism Judaism () is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic, Monotheism, monotheistic, ethnic religion that comprises the collective spiritual, cultural, and legal traditions of the Jews, Jewish people. Religious Jews regard Judaism as their means of o ...

(555 persons or 1.3%) *

Hinduism Hinduism () is an Hypernymy and hyponymy, umbrella term for a range of Indian religions, Indian List of religions and spiritual traditions#Indian religions, religious and spiritual traditions (Sampradaya, ''sampradaya''s) that are unified ...

(300 persons or 0.7%) *

Sikhism Sikhism is an Indian religion and Indian philosophy, philosophy that originated in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent around the end of the 15th century CE. It is one of the most recently founded major religious groups, major religio ...

(135 persons or 0.3%) *Other (555 persons or 1.3%)

Language

As of the 2006 census, the languages spoken in West Vancouver were: By mother tongue: * English: 70% * French: 1.2% * Other languages: 28% By most commonly used household language: * English: 83% * French: 0.4% * Other languages: 14.5%

Affluence

West Vancouver is Canada's wealthiest municipality, with an average household net worth of . North Vancouver just next door is the tenth richest. West Vancouver is home to some very large, luxurious and expensive properties and houses. Occasionally, houses have been priced and sold at around $30,000,000. In 2011, West Vancouver's average house sold for over $2,000,000; 95% of the houses or close to 16,000 homes are worth over $1 million. In West Vancouver, average total incomes were $86,253 for males and $48,070 for females, almost double the provincial average. Over 80% of the population has a total family income of at least $100,000.

Transportation

West Vancouver is served by West Vancouver Municipal Transit, colloquially known as Blue Bus. West Vancouver Municipal Transit is one of two bus companies in the

Greater Vancouver Greater Vancouver, also known as Metro Vancouver, is the metropolitan area with its major urban centre being the city of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. The term ''Greater Vancouver'' describes an area that is roughly coterminous with the r ...

region operating under contract for TransLink. Transfer is free between West Vancouver Municipal Transit buses and other TransLink buses. The only freeway route within municipal limits is

British Columbia Highway 1 Highway 1 is a provincial highway in British Columbia, Canada, that carries the main route of the Trans-Canada Highway (TCH). The highway is long and connects Vancouver Island, the Greater Vancouver region in the Lower Mainland, and the Inter ...

(part of the

Trans-Canada Highway The Trans-Canada Highway (Canadian French, French: ; abbreviated as the TCH or T-Can) is a transcontinental federal–provincial highway system that travels through all ten provinces of Canada, from the Pacific Ocean on the west coast to the A ...

), which begins in the community of Horseshoe Bay and continues east into the

. Highway 99 also runs through West Vancouver, sharing the freeway alignment with Highway 1 between Horseshoe Bay and Taylor Way, and connects the municipality with

Downtown Vancouver Downtown Vancouver is the central business district and the city centre list of neighbourhoods in Vancouver, neighbourhood of Vancouver, Canada, on the northwestern shore of the Burrard Peninsula in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia. ...

(via the

) and Whistler (via the Sea-to-Sky Corridor). Additionally,

BC Ferries British Columbia Ferry Services Inc., Trade name, operating as BC Ferries (BCF), is a former provincial Crown corporations of Canada, Crown corporation, now operating as an independently managed, State-owned enterprise, publicly owned Canadian c ...

operates routes departing from Horseshoe Bay to

Nanaimo Nanaimo ( ) is a city of about 100,000 on the east coast of Vancouver Island, in British Columbia, Canada. "The Harbour City" was previously known as the "Hub City", which was attributed to its original layout design with streets radiating fr ...

Bowen Island Bowen Island (; ), British Columbia, is an island municipality that is part of Metro Vancouver, and within the jurisdiction of the Islands Trust. Located in Howe Sound, it is approximately wide by long, and at its closest point is about w ...

, and the

Sunshine Coast Sunshine Coast may refer to: * Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia **Sunshine Coast Region, a local government area of Queensland named after the region **Sunshine Coast Stadium * Sunshine Coast (British Columbia), geographic subregion of the Br ...

Parks and recreation

West Vancouver is known for its parks such as

, which offers scenic views of Howe Sound and the Metro Vancouver area. Whytecliff Park and

Lighthouse Park Lighthouse Park is a neighbourhood park located in a residential area in West Vancouver, Canada. It is a popular tourist attraction for visitors to Vancouver as it is a National Historic Site of Canada. It is a well-maintained park, and is open ...

, near the community of Horseshoe Bay, at the continental terminus of the Trans-Canada Highway. All of West Vancouver is situated on the side of the

Coast Mountains The Coast Mountains () are a major mountain range in the Pacific Coast Ranges of western North America, extending from southwestern Yukon through the Alaska Panhandle and virtually all of the British Columbia Coast, Coast of British Columbia sout ...

. Because of this position, many homes in West Vancouver have views of Vancouver Island, the Lower Mainland, and/or

Howe Sound Howe Sound (, ) is a roughly triangular sound (geography), sound, that joins a network of fjords situated immediately northwest of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It was designated as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 2021. Geography Howe Sound ...

. Ambleside Park and the 15-block-long West Vancouver Seawall are popular spots for families and outdoor enthusiasts. Whytecliff Park is regarded as one of the best

scuba Scuba, originally SCUBA, often expanded to scuba set, is any self contained underwater breathing apparatus, a source of breathing gas used for underwater diving which is carried by the diver. Scuba may also refer to: * Scuba diving, swimming unde ...

diving spots in

Western Canada Western Canada, also referred to as the Western provinces, Canadian West, or Western provinces of Canada, and commonly known within Canada as the West, is a list of regions of Canada, Canadian region that includes the four western provinces and t ...

. The District also has many other small parks, as well as

at Point Atkinson, which contains some

old-growth forest An old-growth forest or primary forest is a forest that has developed over a long period of time without disturbance. Due to this, old-growth forests exhibit unique ecological features. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Natio ...

and has with views of Vancouver from downtown to Point Grey and is the boundary-point between English Bay and the

Strait of Georgia The Strait of Georgia () or the Georgia Strait is an arm of the Salish Sea between Vancouver Island and the extreme southwestern mainland coast of British Columbia, Canada, and the extreme northwestern mainland coast of Washington, United Stat ...

. John Lawson Park is also another popular area for families, it features a playground for children, an open grass field for families to picnic, and a view of

and the downtown skyline which are both across the water. West Vancouver has several public recreation facilities including an 18-hole par 3 golf course, a pool, an ice rink, basketball and tennis courts, skate parks and numerous public parks. The West Vancouver Community Centre (or WVCC) has been rebuilt and opened Spring 2009. Cypress Provincial Park also has mountain biking trails and a large ski and snowboard resort, which served as one of the venues for the

2010 Winter Olympics The 2010 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXI Olympic Winter Games () and also known as Vancouver 2010 (), were an international winter multi-sport event held from February 12 to 28, 2010 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, with ...

Climate

West Vancouver has a

humid continental climate A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers, and cold ...

(

Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (1951–2014), German pianist and composer * Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan * Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author ...

: ''Dfb'').

Politics

As of 2025, the mayor is Mark Sager, who previously served as West Vancouver mayor from 1991 to 1996. West Vancouver ridings typically include Squamish and Whistler, and sometimes the Sunshine Coast. Provincially, Joan McIntyre and

Ralph Sultan Ralph Sultan (born June 6, 1933) is a Canadian politician, who was the Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for the community of West Vancouver-Capilano in British Columbia from 2001 to 2020. A member of the British Columbia Liberal Party ...

of the

BC Liberal Party BC United (BCU), known from 1903 until 2023 as the British Columbia Liberal Party or BC Liberals, is a provincial political party in British Columbia, Canada. The party has been described as conservative, neoliberal, and occupying a centre-right ...

were elected to the

West Vancouver-Sea To Sky West Vancouver-Sea to Sky (name in effect from April 2009 onwards, previously West Vancouver-Garibaldi from 1991 to 2009) is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, Canada. For other current and histor ...

and

West Vancouver-Capilano West Vancouver-Capilano is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, Canada, representing parts of both the municipality of West Vancouver, and neighbouring Capilano within the District of North Vancou ...

ridings, respectively, in the 2005 Provincial election (West Vancouver-Sea To Sky Country includes Squamish, Whistler and Pemberton). Federally, West Vancouver-based ridings historically have voted

Conservative Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy and ideology that seeks to promote and preserve traditional institutions, customs, and values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civiliza ...

since 1974, electing John Reynolds of the

Reform Party of Canada The Reform Party of Canada () was a right-wing populism, right-wing populist and conservative List of federal political parties in Canada, federal political party in Canada that existed from 1987 to 2000. Reform was founded as a Western Canada- ...

(later the

Canadian Alliance The Canadian Alliance (), formally the Canadian Reform Conservative Alliance (), was a centre-right to right-wing federal political party in Canada that existed under that name from 2000 to 2003. The Canadian Alliance was the new name of the ...

) from 1997 to 2004. Reynolds declined to run for re-election in 2006, however, and Liberal

Blair Wilson Blair Wilson (born May 18, 1963) is a Canadian politician and formerly the member of Parliament (MP) in the 39th Canadian parliament for West Vancouver—Sunshine Coast—Sea to Sky Country electoral district. He was elected on January 23, ...

defeated

John Weston to replace Reynolds as Member of Parliament from the

West Vancouver—Sunshine Coast—Sea to Sky Country West Vancouver—Sunshine Coast—Sea to Sky Country (formerly West Vancouver—Sunshine Coast) is a federal electoral district in British Columbia, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1997. Geography The ...

electoral district An electoral (congressional, legislative, etc.) district, sometimes called a constituency, riding, or ward, is a geographical portion of a political unit, such as a country, state or province, city, or administrative region, created to provi ...

. Wilson left the Liberals in 2007 and joined the

Green Party A green party is a formally organized political party based on the principles of green politics, such as environmentalism and social justice. Green party platforms typically embrace Social democracy, social democratic economic policies and fo ...

in 2008, becoming the first Green Member of Parliament. The re-election in 2008 saw a rematch between Weston and Wilson. This time Weston emerged as the victor, carrying nearly triple the vote of his incumbent opponent to handily return the riding to the Conservatives. Weston won again in 2011. In the 2015 federal election, Weston was unseated by

Liberal Liberal or liberalism may refer to: Politics * Generally, a supporter of the political philosophy liberalism. Liberals may be politically left or right but tend to be centrist. * An adherent of a Liberal Party (See also Liberal parties by country ...

candidate Pam Goldsmith-Jones, who was previously the mayor of West Vancouver from 2005 to 2011. Pamela Goldsmith-Jones chose not to run for re-election in the 2019 federal election and Patrick Weiler of the

Liberal Party of Canada The Liberal Party of Canada (LPC; , ) is a federal political party in Canada. The party espouses the principles of liberalism,McCall, Christina; Stephen Clarkson"Liberal Party". ''The Canadian Encyclopedia''. and generally sits at the Centrism, ...

went on to win the election.

Education

There are 17 public schools that make up School District 45 West Vancouver. There are also 4 private schools in the city. Of these 21 schools, 6 are high schools. Over 80 percent of West Vancouver high school graduates go to post-secondary schools. Many residents from Squamish, the Sunshine Coast, and North Vancouver attend West Vancouver schools.

Notes

References

*''Some highlights of West Vancouver'' (author unknown), West Vancouver Memorial Library archives
http://westvancouverpolice.ca/ ''History of the West Vancouver Police Department''
*"West Vancouver", ''The Encyclopedia of British Columbia'' (online edition), C 2000 Harbour Publishing

External links

* * {{Authority control District municipalities in British Columbia Populated places on the British Columbia Coast Populated places in Greater Vancouver