Warszawa Śródmieście Railway Station
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Warszawa Śródmieście railway station (Polish pronunciation: ) is a railway station in
Warsaw Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at ...
,
Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...
, in the district of Śródmieście. The station serves the suburban (southern) tracks of the
Warsaw Cross-City Line Warsaw cross-city line () is a railway line crossing Central Warsaw in the east–west direction. Opened in 1933 and electrified in 1936, it initially had two tracks, with an additional two added in 1967. The central part of the line is in a t ...
and is used by regional trains run by
Koleje Mazowieckie Masovian Railways, in Polish Koleje Mazowieckie, is a regional rail operator in the Masovian Voivodeship of Poland. History The company was founded in 2004 as a joint venture of the Masovian Voivodeship, with 51% shares, and the then governmen ...
(KM) and Szybka Kolej Miejska (SKM). There are two
side platforms A side platform (also known as a marginal platform or a single-face platform) is a railway platform, platform positioned to the side of one or more railway tracks or guideways at a railway station, tram stop, or bus rapid transit, transitway. A st ...
and one
island platform An island platform (also center platform (American English) or centre platform (British English)) is a station layout arrangement where a single platform is positioned between two tracks within a railway station, tram stop or transitway inte ...
serving two tracks, all located in a tunnel. It was built on the principle of the
Spanish solution In railway and rapid transit parlance, the Spanish solution is a station layout with two railway platforms, one on each side of the track, which allows for separate platforms for boarding and alighting. The "Spanish solution" is used in several ...
, whereas the centre platform would be using for the arriving passengers only and the side platforms for departing passengers only. The separation was enforced by access controls to the centre platform (discontinued in 1960s), location of ticket offices next to side platforms only, and opening trains' doors on the centre platform side first and on the side platform side with a delay. The separation was in operation until the 1980s.


History

The first station with this name opened in 1949 in a
cutting Cutting is the separation or opening of a physical object, into two or more portions, through the application of an acutely directed force. Implements commonly used for wikt:cut, cutting are the knife and saw, or in medicine and science the sca ...
(now covered) on the
Warsaw Cross-City Line Warsaw cross-city line () is a railway line crossing Central Warsaw in the east–west direction. Opened in 1933 and electrified in 1936, it initially had two tracks, with an additional two added in 1967. The central part of the line is in a t ...
between Marchlewskiego (currently Jana Pawła II) and Emilii Plater streets, a few hundred meters to the west of the current location and roughly on the site of the former Vienna station ( pl). It had two side platforms and a simple wooden station building on the street level. It served both suburban and long-distance trains. The present structure was built between 1955 and 1963, based on the designs of architects and Piotr Szymaniak (overground portion) and
Warsaw Academy of Fine Arts Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw () is a public university of visual, visual arts and applied arts located in the Poland, Polish Warsaw, capital. The academy traces its history back to the Department of Arts founded at the Warsaw University in the ...
artists and alumni
Wojciech Fangor Wojciech Bonawentura Fangor (pronounced: ) (15 November 1922 – 25 October 2015), also known as Voy Fangor, was a Polish Painting, painter, graphic artist, and Sculpture, sculptor. Described as "one of the most distinctive painters to emerge f ...
,
Jerzy Sołtan Jerzy Sołtan (March 6, 1913 - September 16, 2005) was a Polish architect who worked with Le Corbusier and was the Robinson Jr., Professor of Architecture and Urban Design at Harvard Graduate School of Design, where he taught from 1959 until his ...
, , Wiktor Gessler, Adolf Szczepiński, Bogusław Smyrski and (underground portion). The overground part consists of two rectangular buildings without any facilities, being effectively oversized shelters for staircases leading to the platforms, ticket offices, etc. The station underwent a refurbishment in 2006–07.


Connections

The station offers convenient ground-level transfers to the nearby Centrum metro station as well as a large number of
trams A tram (also known as a streetcar or trolley in Canada and the United States) is an urban rail transit in which Rolling stock, vehicles, whether individual railcars or multiple-unit trains, run on tramway tracks on urban public streets; some ...
and
buses A bus (contracted from omnibus, with variants multibus, motorbus, autobus, etc.) is a motor vehicle that carries significantly more passengers than an average car or van, but fewer than the average rail transport. It is most commonly used ...
. The station is connected by an underground pedestrian passage to Warszawa Centralna, which serves long-distance trains, and
Warszawa Śródmieście WKD Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at 1.86 million residents within a greate ...
, which serves
Warszawska Kolej Dojazdowa Warsaw Commuter Railway (, WKD) is a light rail commuter line in Poland's capital city of Warsaw. The line, together with its two branches, links Warsaw with the municipalities of Michałowice, Pruszków, Brwinów, Podkowa Leśna, Milanówek an ...
trains.


Gallery

File:Warszawa 1963.jpg, Station platforms in 1963. The edges of underground
railway platform A railway platform is an area in a train station alongside a railway Track (rail transport), track providing convenient access to trains. Almost all stations have some form of platform, with larger stations having multiple platforms. Grand Cen ...
s were painted and backlighted by
optical art Op art, short for optical art, is a style of visual art that uses distorted or manipulated geometrical patterns, often to create optical illusions. It began in the early 20th century, and was especially popular from the 1960s on, the term "Op ...
painter
Wojciech Fangor Wojciech Bonawentura Fangor (pronounced: ) (15 November 1922 – 25 October 2015), also known as Voy Fangor, was a Polish Painting, painter, graphic artist, and Sculpture, sculptor. Described as "one of the most distinctive painters to emerge f ...
.„Wnętrza dworca Śródmieście w Warszawie”, „Architektura” 3/1972, page 93. https://mbc.cyfrowemazowsze.pl/dlibra/publication/83890/edition/85689 File:Mosaics by Wojciech Fangor in Warsaw 1963.jpg, Illuminated mosaics by Wojciech Fangor in a waiting room in 1963. File:Dworzec Warszawa Śródmieście 2015 01.JPG, Station interior, platforms 2 and 3 File:Dworzec Warszawa Śródmieście widziany z Pałacu Kultury i Nauki.JPG, Aerial view of the station entrances File:Mozaika 2 - dworzec.jpg, Mosaics by Wojciech Fangor File:Mosaics in Warszawa Śródmieście railway station 02.jpg, Mosaics by Wojciech Fangor File:Mosaics in Warszawa Śródmieście railway station 03.jpg, Ceramic mosaics by optical art painter Wojciech Fangor were created on the walls and also on the ceiling.


References


External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Warszawa Srodmiescie railway station Railway stations in Poland opened in 1949 Srodmiescie Railway stations served by Koleje Mazowieckie Railway stations served by Szybka Kolej Miejska (Warsaw) Śródmieście Północne