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Vereeniging () is a town located in the south of Gauteng province, South Africa, situated where the Klip River empties into the northern loop of the Vaal River. It is also one of the constituent parts of the Vaal Triangle region and was formerly situated in the Transvaal Province, Transvaal province. The name ''Vereeniging'' is derived from the Dutch language, Dutch word meaning "association".
In 1879, George William Stow was commissioned by the Orange Free State government to look for coal deposits in the Bethlehem district With no deposits found he moved northwards to ''Maccauvlei'' on the Vaal River and then crossed the river to the South African Republic, Transvaal side. On the farm ''Leeuwkuil'', he found a coal deposits twelve feet thick. But the Orange Free State government believed that it was too far away and there was a lack of transport so turned down the idea of mining. Stow settled in Kimberley, Northern Cape, Kimberley in order to find a job where he met Samuel Marks who realized after hearing the formers story, the opportunity for coal at the Kimberley diamond fields for energy generation. Marks formed the ''De Zuid Afrikaanshe en Oranje Vrystaatsche Kolen and Mineralen Vereeniging'' (South African and Orange Free State Coal and Mineral Association) and sent Stow to purchase the farms where the coal was found. On the 25 November 1880 he purchased the farm ''Leeuwkuil'' for £5,000 and 12,000 acres. Marks' agent J.G. Fraser would purchase the farm ''Klipplaatdrift'' of 6,000 acres from Karl August Pistorius in October 1881 for £15,500. This was opposite the farm ''Maccauvlei''. From 1881, coal was taken by ox-wagon to Kimberley and by 1882 there was so much development that there was a need to survey a village on the two farms and the ''Volksraad of the South African Republic, Volksraad'' agreed naming it after the company's shortened name Vereeniging.
Map of Three Rivers
Vereeniging 2010 Crime Statistics
/ref> showed the following information:
Three Rivers Proper Floods.JPG, Flooding along Sugarbush Drive, Three Rivers Proper
Brandmuller Avenue.JPG, Brandmuller Avenue in Three Rivers Proper
emblem
depicting bridge across a river, and two clasped hands. The town council obtained a coat of arms from the College of Arms in October 1955, registered it with the Transvaal Provincial Administration in October 1957Transvaal ''Official Gazette'' 2664 (23 October 1957). and with the Bureau of Heraldry in June 1987.National Archives of South Africa : Data of the Bureau of Heraldry
/ref> The arms were : ''Sable, on a fess wavy Or a barrulet wavy Tenne, the fess between in chief a thunderbolt between two picks, Or, and in base a steel pipe palewise proper between two cogwheels, also Or''. In layman's terms, the design is a black shield displaying, from top to bottom, a golden heraldic thunderbolt between two picks, a wavy orange stripe edged in gold, and an upright golden pipe between two cogwheels. The crest was a dove of peace perched on two clasped hands; the supporters were a lion and a zebra standing on a grassy base strewn with veld flowers; and the motto was ''Per pacem ad industriam''.
Emfuleni MunicipalityVaal Triangle Info
{{Authority control Vereeniging, Populated places in the Emfuleni Local Municipality Second Boer War concentration camps Populated places established in 1892
Geographical information
Vereeniging is situated in the southern part of Gauteng Province, and forms the southern portion of the Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Vereeniging, Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Vereeninging (PWV) conurbation, and its neighbors are Vanderbijlpark (to the west), Three Rivers Proper, Three Rivers (east), Meyerton, Gauteng, Meyerton (north) and Sasolburg (south). The city is currently one of the most important industrial manufacturing centres in South Africa, with its chief products being iron, steel, pipes, bricks, tiles and processed lime. The predominant language in Vereeniging is English language, English followed closely by Sesotho language and Afrikaans.History
In 1879, George William Stow was commissioned by the Orange Free State government to look for coal deposits in the Bethlehem district With no deposits found he moved northwards to ''Maccauvlei'' on the Vaal River and then crossed the river to the South African Republic, Transvaal side. On the farm ''Leeuwkuil'', he found a coal deposits twelve feet thick. But the Orange Free State government believed that it was too far away and there was a lack of transport so turned down the idea of mining. Stow settled in Kimberley, Northern Cape, Kimberley in order to find a job where he met Samuel Marks who realized after hearing the formers story, the opportunity for coal at the Kimberley diamond fields for energy generation. Marks formed the ''De Zuid Afrikaanshe en Oranje Vrystaatsche Kolen and Mineralen Vereeniging'' (South African and Orange Free State Coal and Mineral Association) and sent Stow to purchase the farms where the coal was found. On the 25 November 1880 he purchased the farm ''Leeuwkuil'' for £5,000 and 12,000 acres. Marks' agent J.G. Fraser would purchase the farm ''Klipplaatdrift'' of 6,000 acres from Karl August Pistorius in October 1881 for £15,500. This was opposite the farm ''Maccauvlei''. From 1881, coal was taken by ox-wagon to Kimberley and by 1882 there was so much development that there was a need to survey a village on the two farms and the ''Volksraad of the South African Republic, Volksraad'' agreed naming it after the company's shortened name Vereeniging.
Second Boer War
The city is the location where the Treaty of Vereeniging ending the Second Boer War (1899–1902) was negotiated by the delegates of the South African Republic, Orange Free State and the British Empire. During the conflict, a Second Boer War concentration camps, concentration camp was set up in the area by the British. The concentration camp at Vereeniging was set up in September 1900, and by October 1901 housed 185 men, 330 women, and 452 children. Conditions at the camp were very poor: drinking water was brought by cart from a fountain (there was no direct water supply although it was situated next to the Vaal River) and there were only 24 latrines. Most inmates lived in bell-tents but there was a dispensary and a school. The Concentration camp was situated where the Mittal Steel plant (Vaal Works) is situated. Today, the Maccauvlei Golf Course is on the opposite side of the Vaal River to where the concentration camp was and a Garden of Remembrance is situated at Maccauvlei. All the British Soldiers killed in and around Vereeniging during the war were re-buried on this site.Apartheid
Vereeniging was one of the first municipalities in South Africa to provide better housing for Africans. Near Vereeniging is the predominantly black community of Sharpeville, Gauteng, the site of the Sharpeville massacre in 1960.Post-Apartheid
Since 1999 its municipal services were provided by the Emfuleni Local Municipality. In 2018 the municipality was placed under administration after years of wasteful practices and poor service delivery. In February 2022 it was reported that Vereeniging had 14 out-of-service police vehicles for visible policing, and only 20 operational vehicles.Trade and industry
The city's motto is ''Per Pacem ad Industriam'' (Through Peace to Industry). It is currently one of the most important industrial manufacturing centres in South Africa, with its chief products being iron, steel, pipes, bricks, tiles and processed Lime (mineral), lime. Several coal mines are also still situated in the area, with reserves being estimated at four billion tons. Other mines nearby extract fire-clay, silica and building stone. Vereeniging also has several Eskom thermal power plants that supply electricity to the nearby goldmines.Suburbs and municipality
In the census of 2001 the population of Vereeniging was recorded as 73,283. Vereeniging consists of 29 suburbs, of which 7 forms part of Three Rivers: * Arcon Park & -Proper * Bedworth Park * Dickensonville * Duncanville * Falcon Ridge * Fisheagle Estate (Three Rivers) * Homer * Kubali (Three Rivers) * Leeuhof * Peacehaven & -Proper * Powerville * Randwater * Risiville (Three Rivers) * Roodt's Gardens * Roshnee * Sharpeville * Sonland Park * Spider Valley * Springcol * Steel Park * Three Rivers (Three Rivers) * Three Rivers Proper (Three Rivers) * Three Rivers East (Three Rivers) * Uitvlugt * Unitas Park * Vereeniging Central * Vischgat * Waldrift * Zuikerbosch * Zuikerbosch Estate (Three Rivers) Since 1999, Vereeniging has been part of the Emfuleni Local Municipality, along with Vanderbijlpark and the smaller Three Rivers.Map of Three Rivers
Healthcare
Various health services are available in Vereeniging. The majority of these services are located in or near the major medical centres. These include: * Vereeniging Medi-Clinic * Midvaal Private Hospital * Kopanong Hospital * Sebokeng Hospital * Nkanyezi Private Hospital * Johan Heyns HospitalEducation
* Vereeniging Gimnasium (Afrikaans medium - Amalgamation of Hoërskool Vereeniging and Hoër Tegniese Skool Vereeniging) * Handhawer Laerskool ( Afrikaans and English medium) (http://www.handhawer.co.za) * Selborne Primary School (English medium) * General Smuts High School (English medium) * Arcon Park Primary School (English medium) * Unitaspark Laerskool (Afrikaans and English medium) * Vryheidsmonument Laerskool (Afrikaans medium) * Overvaal Hoërskool (Afrikaans medium) * Sonland Park Primary School (English medium) * Milton Primary School (English medium) * Three Rivers Primary School (English medium) * Riverside High School (English medium) * Hoërskool Drie Riviere (Afrikaans and English medium) * 3 Rivers Christian Academy (English medium - ACE) * Suikerbos Laerskool (Afrikaans and English medium) * Rust-ter-Vaal Primary School (English medium) * Rust-ter-Vaal Secondary School (English medium) * Phoenix High School (English medium) * Roshnee Islamic School (English medium) * Word of Life School (English medium - CIE) * Krugerlaan School (Afrikaans and English medium - LSEN School) *Tertiary institutions
Campuses of: * University of South Africa * Damelin College * CTU Training Solutions * Sedibeng College * It is also close to the North-West University's Vaal Triangle Campus, and the Vaal University of Technology in Vanderbijlpark.Notable residents
* Gerald Raymond Bosch, played Fly-Half for List of South Africa national rugby union players, The Springboks 1974 -1976 * Bles Bridges, an Afrikaans country singer, stayed in Vereeniging until his death in 2000. * Frederik Willem de Klerk, F.W. de Klerk was first elected to the South African parliament in 1969 as the member for Vereeniging. * Francois Pienaar, Springboks rugby player * Charl Schwartzel (the 2011 US Masters champion), Morné Morkel and Albie Morkel attended Vereeniging High. * Leon Schuster, actor, comedian, filmmaker, presenter and singer * Deon Dreyer, a cave diver who perished in Bushman's Hole in 1994, was raised in Vereeniging.Crime
The latest crime statistics for Vereeniging Police Precinct was issued by the South African Police Service (SAPS) in September 2010. The SAPS crime report/ref> showed the following information:
Flooding 2011
In December 2010 and January 2011 the southern part of Gauteng and Mpumulanga experienced a higher than normal rainfall. This resulted in the need to release more water from the nearby Vaal dam. As a consequence, parts of Vereeniging, Three Rivers and the rest of the towns downstream were flooded.Coat of arms
Vereeniging established a municipality in 1912. By 1931, the town council had assumed aemblem
depicting bridge across a river, and two clasped hands. The town council obtained a coat of arms from the College of Arms in October 1955, registered it with the Transvaal Provincial Administration in October 1957Transvaal ''Official Gazette'' 2664 (23 October 1957). and with the Bureau of Heraldry in June 1987.National Archives of South Africa : Data of the Bureau of Heraldry
/ref> The arms were : ''Sable, on a fess wavy Or a barrulet wavy Tenne, the fess between in chief a thunderbolt between two picks, Or, and in base a steel pipe palewise proper between two cogwheels, also Or''. In layman's terms, the design is a black shield displaying, from top to bottom, a golden heraldic thunderbolt between two picks, a wavy orange stripe edged in gold, and an upright golden pipe between two cogwheels. The crest was a dove of peace perched on two clasped hands; the supporters were a lion and a zebra standing on a grassy base strewn with veld flowers; and the motto was ''Per pacem ad industriam''.
References
External links
Emfuleni Municipality
{{Authority control Vereeniging, Populated places in the Emfuleni Local Municipality Second Boer War concentration camps Populated places established in 1892