Viktor Alexandrovich Hartmann (; 5 May 1834 – 4 August 1873) was a Russian
architect
An architect is a person who plans, designs, and oversees the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to provide services in connection with the design of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings that h ...
and
painter
Painting is a Visual arts, visual art, which is characterized by the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (called "matrix" or "Support (art), support"). The medium is commonly applied to the base with ...
. He was associated with the
Abramtsevo Colony, purchased and preserved beginning in 1870 by
Savva Mamontov, and the
Russian Revival.
Life
Victor-Edouard Hartmann was born in Saint Petersburg into a family of German ancestry. He was orphaned at a young age and grew up in the house of his mother's sister, L. Hemilian, and her husband
Alexandre Hemilian, who was a well-known architect. Hartmann studied at the
Academy of Fine Arts in Saint Petersburg and at first started working by illustrating books.
Hartmann also worked as an architect and sketched, among other things,
the monument to the thousandth anniversary of Russia in
Novgorod
Veliky Novgorod ( ; , ; ), also known simply as Novgorod (), is the largest city and administrative centre of Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is one of the oldest cities in Russia, being first mentioned in the 9th century. The city lies along the V ...
, which was inaugurated in 1862. He made most of his watercolors and pencil drawings on journeys abroad between 1864 and 1868. Together with
Ivan Ropet, Hartmann was one of the first artists to include traditional Russian motifs in his work.
In 1869, Hartmann entered a competition with his design for the Bogatyr Gate (
The Great Gate of Kiev) as a commemoration of a failed assassination attempt of the tsar of Russia,
Alexander II.
Since
Vladimir Stasov had introduced Hartmann to the circle of
Mily Balakirev in 1870, Hartmann had been a close friend of the composer
Modest Mussorgsky
Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky (; ; ; – ) was a Russian composer, one of the group known as "The Five (composers), The Five." He was an innovator of Music of Russia, Russian music in the Romantic music, Romantic period and strove to achieve a ...
. Following Hartmann's early death from an
aneurysm at age 39, an exhibition of over 400 of his paintings was displayed in the Academy of Fine Arts in Saint Petersburg, in February and March 1874. This inspired Mussorgsky to compose his suite ''
Pictures at an Exhibition''. Most of the works shown at the 1874 exhibition are now lost.
Gallery
File:Hartmann_Naval_Pavilion.jpg, Design for the Naval department of Russia's pavilion at the Vienna
Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...
World Fair of 1873
File:Hartmann Chicks sketch for Trilby ballet.jpg, Sketch for the ballet ''Trilby
A trilby is a narrow-brimmed type of hat. The trilby was once viewed as the rich man's favored hat; it is sometimes called the "brown trilby" in UK, BritainBernhard Roetzel, Roetzel, Bernhard (1999). ''Gentleman's Guide to Grooming and Style''. B ...
''
File:The Rich Jew.jpg, The Rich Jew
File:The Poor Jew.jpg, The Poor Jew
File:Hartmann_Paris_Catacombs.jpg, The Paris Catacombs
File:Hartmann -- Plan for a City Gate.jpg, Plan for a City Gate in Kiev
File:Wiki Leontyevsky 7 by Hartmann.jpg, Extant Savva Mamontov printshop, Leontyevsky Lane, Moscow
See also
*
List of Russian artists
*
List of Russian architects
References
External links
*Eagen, Ti
Images for ''Pictures at an Exhibition''Reproductions and descriptions of Viktor Hartmann's pictures at stmoroky.com. January 2000; updated January 14, 2020
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hartmann, Viktor Alexandrovich
1834 births
1873 deaths
Architects from Saint Petersburg
People from Sankt-Peterburgsky Uyezd
People from the Russian Empire of German descent
19th-century painters from the Russian Empire
Male painters from the Russian Empire
19th-century sculptors from the Russian Empire
19th-century male artists from the Russian Empire
Russian male sculptors
Russian Revival architecture
19th-century architects from the Russian Empire
Deaths from aneurysm
Artists from Saint Petersburg
Pictures at an Exhibition