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Viamão is a city in Rio Grande do Sul,
Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
. In size it is the largest municipality in the metropolitan region of
Porto Alegre Porto Alegre (, , Brazilian ; ) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. Its population of 1,488,252 inhabitants (2020) makes it the List of largest cities in Brazil, twelfth most populous city in the country ...
and the seventh most populous in the state. The origin of the name Viamão is controversial. The more common explanation is that atop the hills of the region it is possible to see the
Guaíba River Guaíba is a city located in the Metropolitan Porto Alegre of Porto Alegre, in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. The city is on the shores of the Guaíba Lake. History In the current territory of the municipality of Guaíba there have ...
and its five inlets:
Jacuí Jacuí is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais in the Southeast region of Brazil. See also * List of municipalities in Minas Gerais References Municipalities in Minas Gerais {{MinasGerais-geo-stub ...
, Caí,
Gravataí Gravataí ( Tupi–Guarani: ''gravatá'', a kind of flower common in the region; ''y'', river.) is a Brazilian municipality near Porto Alegre at the Rio Grande do Sul State. Its population is approximately 280,000 people, making it the sixth mo ...
,
Taquari Taquari is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. See also *List of municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul This is a list of the municipalities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), located in the South Region of Brazil. Rio ...
and Rio dos Sinos, which form an open hand. This is said to have lent the city its name -from the phrase "Vi a mão," meaning, "I saw the hand."


History

In the 18th century the region of the modern state Rio Grande do Sul was a trade route between the cities
Sorocaba Sorocaba () is a municipality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Sorocaba is the eighth-largest city in the state of São Paulo. Outside the Greater São Paulo region, it ranks behind only Campinas, São José dos Campos and Ribeirão Preto. I ...
and
Colônia do Sacramento , settlement_type = Capital city , image_skyline = Basilica del Sanctísimo Sacramento.jpg , imagesize = , image_caption = Basílica del Santísimo Sacramento , pushpin_map = Uruguay , subdivisio ...
. Various colonists created cattle ranches and plantations here. In 1725, Cosme da Silveira, a member of Captain João de Magalhães' fleet, settled in the Viamão region. He was joined by Francisco Carvalho da Cunha in 1741, who created the Estância Grande site, where the church of Nossa Senhora da Conceição (
Immaculate Conception The Immaculate Conception is the belief that the Virgin Mary was free of original sin from the moment of her conception. It is one of the four Marian dogmas of the Catholic Church, meaning that it is held to be a divinely revealed truth wh ...
) would be built. In 1747, the colony was declared a civil parish. With the Spanish invasion of 1766, it became necessary to install a government center for the
captaincy A captaincy ( es, capitanía , pt, capitania , hr, kapetanija) is a historical administrative division of the former Spanish and Portuguese colonial empires. It was instituted as a method of organization, directly associated with the home-rule ...
. Viamão served as the seat of the governor until 1773. At that time, the seat was transferred to Porto dos Casais (which later became
Porto Alegre Porto Alegre (, , Brazilian ; ) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. Its population of 1,488,252 inhabitants (2020) makes it the List of largest cities in Brazil, twelfth most populous city in the country ...
). In 1880, Porto Alegre became its own separate municipality. In 1889, with the advent of the Republic and the dissolution of the Municipal Chambers as an executive power, the city elected its first mayor, Lt.-Col. Tristão José de Fraga, who previously served as the president of the above-mentioned Municipal Chambers. The second mayor would be Col. Felisberto Luiz de Barcellos. The economic importance of the region, for being the first cattle ranch, grew from the commerce and transport of dried meat (
charque Jerky is lean trimmed meat cut into strips and dried (dehydrated) to prevent spoilage. Normally, this drying includes the addition of salt to prevent bacteria growth before the meat has finished the dehydrating process. The word "jerky" derive ...
) and
leather Leather is a strong, flexible and durable material obtained from the tanning, or chemical treatment, of animal skins and hides to prevent decay. The most common leathers come from cattle, sheep, goats, equine animals, buffalo, pigs and ho ...
to Laguna and
São Paulo São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for 'Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the Ga ...
. The three commercial routes at the time began where Viamão is located today. The main road, the ''Estrada Real'' ("Royal Road"), left the city and passed through
Vacaria Vacaria is a municipality in the northeast of the southern Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. It is located at a latitude of 28° 30' 44" South and a longitude of 50° 56' 02" west, with an altitude of 971 meters. Its population in 2020 wa ...
,
Lages Lages is a Brazilian municipality located in the central part of the state of Santa Catarina, in the region known in Portuguese as "Planalto Serrano". It is located in the mountain region of the state and is the largest municipality of it. It i ...
,
Curitibanos Curitibanos is a Municipalities of Brazil, Brazilian municipality in the state of Santa Catarina (state), Santa Catarina. It is located at 27º16'58" south latitude and 50º35'04" west longitude, at an elevation of 987 metres. It has an area of 9 ...
,
Papanduva Papanduva is a municipality in the state of Santa Catarina in the South region of Brazil. See also *List of municipalities in Santa Catarina This is a list of the municipalities in the state of Santa Catarina (SC), located in the South Region ...
, Rio Negro,
Campo do Tenente Campo do Tenente is a municipality in the state of Paraná in the Southern Region of Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin Amer ...
, Lapa, Palmeira,
Ponta Grossa Ponta Grossa () is a municipality in the state of Paraná, southern Brazil. The estimated population is 355,336 according to official data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and it is the 4th most populous city in Paraná ...
, Castro,
Piraí do Sul Piraí do Sul is a municipality in the state of Paraná in the Southern Region of Brazil. The agriculture, production and industrialization of wood are the main sources of economy of Piraí do Sul with high industrial rate: 177 companies opera ...
, Jaguariaiva,
Itararé Itararé is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population is 50,642 (2020 est.) in an area of 1004 km². Its elevation is of . This place's name comes from the Tupi language, and means "stone that the river has dug" be ...
and arriving at
Sorocaba Sorocaba () is a municipality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Sorocaba is the eighth-largest city in the state of São Paulo. Outside the Greater São Paulo region, it ranks behind only Campinas, São José dos Campos and Ribeirão Preto. I ...
. Another route was over the coastal regions until Laguna.


Recent mayors

* By
Brazilian Social Democracy Party The Brazilian Social Democracy Party ( pt, Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira, PSDB), also known as the Brazilian Social Democratic Party or the Party of Brazilian Social Democracy,. is a political party in Brazil. As the third largest par ...
, André Pacheco (2017 - incumbent); * By
Brazilian Social Democracy Party The Brazilian Social Democracy Party ( pt, Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira, PSDB), also known as the Brazilian Social Democratic Party or the Party of Brazilian Social Democracy,. is a political party in Brazil. As the third largest par ...
, Valdir Bonatto (2013 - 2016); * By Workers' Party, Alex Sander Boscaini (2005 - 2012); * By Workers' Party, Eliseu Fagundes Chaves "Ridi" (1997-2004); * By
Brazilian Democratic Movement Party The Brazilian Democratic Movement ( pt, Movimento Democrático Brasileiro, MDB) is a Brazilian political party. It is considered a " big tent party" and it is one of the parties with the greatest representation throughout the national territory, ...
, Pedro Antonio de Godoy (1993 - 1996); * By Democratic Labour Party, Jorge Prates Chiden (1989 - 1992); * By Democratic Labour Party, Tapir Tabajara Canto da Rocha (1983 - 1988).


Places of interest

The municipality contains the
Itapuã State Park The Itapuã State Park ( pt, Parque Estadual de Itapuã) is a state park in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It protects a promontory to the east of the mouth of the Guaíba Lake where it enters the Patos Lagoon south of the state capital o ...
, created in 1991. It also includes the Saint-Hilaire Park, which boasts natural freshwater springs and an abundant wildlife, despite its proximity to a large urban region. The park's integrity, due to an ever-encroaching population in the last few decades, has become progressively threatened. Its name comes from the famous traveler
Augustin Saint-Hilaire Augustin François César Prouvençal de Saint-Hilaire (4 October 17793 September 1853) was French botanist and traveller who was born and died in Orléans, France. A keen observer, he is credited with important discoveries in botany, notably the ...
, who passed through Rio Grande do Sul describing its natural aspects and regional customs. The following sentence is attributed to him: "In this state, there are no residents, there are only survivors." The reason why he said that is the weather, that can be extremely humid, making winters feel colder and summers hotter. Another must-see is the church of the Immaculate Conception, a National Heritage site, the second oldest church in the state, built between 1766 and 1769 in severe colonial baroque style, but with splendid
rococo Rococo (, also ), less commonly Roccoco or Late Baroque, is an exceptionally ornamental and theatrical style of architecture, art and decoration which combines asymmetry, scrolling curves, gilding, white and pastel colours, sculpted moulding, ...
altars inside.


See also

* Passo do Sabão. Condominio Cantegril


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Viamao Populated places established in 1741 Municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul