Valence or valency may refer to:

Science

Valence (chemistry) In chemistry, the valence (US spelling) or valency (British spelling) of an atom is a measure of its combining capacity with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules. Valence is generally understood to be the number of chemica ...

, a measure of an element's combining power with other atoms *

Valence electron In chemistry and physics, valence electrons are electrons in the outermost shell of an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond if the outermost shell is not closed. In a single covalent bond, a shared pair forms with b ...

, electrons in the outer shell of an atom's energy levels *

Valence quark In particle physics, the quark model is a classification scheme for hadrons in terms of their valence quarks—the quarks and antiquarks that give rise to the quantum numbers of the hadrons. The quark model underlies Flavour (particle physics), ...

s, those

quark A quark () is a type of elementary particle and a fundamental constituent of matter. Quarks combine to form composite particles called hadrons, the most stable of which are protons and neutrons, the components of atomic nucleus, atomic nuclei ...

s within a

hadron In particle physics, a hadron is a composite subatomic particle made of two or more quarks held together by the strong nuclear force. Pronounced , the name is derived . They are analogous to molecules, which are held together by the electri ...

that determine the hadron's

quantum number In quantum physics and chemistry, quantum numbers are quantities that characterize the possible states of the system. To fully specify the state of the electron in a hydrogen atom, four quantum numbers are needed. The traditional set of quantu ...

s *

Degree (graph theory) In graph theory, the degree (or valency) of a vertex of a graph is the number of edges that are incident to the vertex; in a multigraph, a loop contributes 2 to a vertex's degree, for the two ends of the edge. The degree of a vertex v is de ...

, also called the valency of a vertex in graph theory *

Valency (linguistics) In linguistics, valency or valence is the number and type of arguments and complements controlled by a predicate, content verbs being typical predicates. Valency is related, though not identical, to subcategorization and transitivity, which c ...

, aspect of verbs relative to other parts of speech *

Valence (psychology) Valence, also known as hedonic tone, is a characteristic of emotions that determines their emotional affect (intrinsic appeal or repulsion). Positive valence corresponds to the "goodness" or attractiveness of an object, event, or situation, ma ...

or hedonic tone, the (emotional) value associated with an event, object or situation

Places

France

* Valence, Charente, a commune in the Charente department *

Valence, Drôme Valence (, ; ) is a Communes of France, commune in southeastern France, the prefecture of the Drôme Departments of France, department and within the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Regions of France, region. It is situated on the left bank of the Rhô ...

, Drôme, a commune and prefecture of the Drôme department **

University of Valence The University of Valence was founded 26 July 1452, by letters patent from the Dauphin Louis, afterwards Louis XI of France, in a move to develop the city of Valence, then part of his domain of Dauphiné. It existed until the French Revolution. ...

, a medieval university * Valence, Tarn-et-Garonne, a commune in the Tarn-et-Garonne department * Canton of Valence, Tarn-et-Garonne department * Arrondissement of Valence, Drôme department *

Roman Catholic Diocese of Valence The Diocese of Valence (–Die–Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux) (Latin: ''Dioecesis Valentinensis (–Diensis–Sancti Pauli Tricastinorum)''; French: ''Diocèse de Valence (–Die–Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux'') is a Latin Church diocese of the Cat ...

* Valence-d'Albigeois, in the Tarn department *

Valence-en-Brie Valence-en-Brie (, literally ''Valence in Brie'') is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. Demographics Inhabitants of Valence-en-Brie are called ''Valençois''. See also *Communes of ...

, in the Seine-et-Marne department * Valence-en-Poitou, in the Vienne department * Valence-sur-Baïse, in the Gers department *

Bourg-lès-Valence Bourg-lès-Valence (; ) is a commune in the Drôme department in southeastern France. It is a suburb of Valence. The archaeologist and Hellenist Fernand Courby (1878–1932) was born in Bourg-lès-Valence. In 2014–2019, Bourg-lès-Valence ...

, in the Drôme department

England

River Valency The River Valency () is a short river in north Cornwall Cornwall (; or ) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in South West England. It is also one of the Celtic nations and the homeland of the Cornish people. The count ...

, Cornwall *

Valence House Valence House Museum is the only surviving of the five manor houses of Dagenham. The timber-framed museum building, partially surrounded by a moat, is situated in Valence Park off Becontree Avenue, in the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham, L ...

, London

Spain

*The French-language name for the city of

Valencia Valencia ( , ), formally València (), is the capital of the Province of Valencia, province and Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Valencian Community, the same name in Spain. It is located on the banks of the Turia (r ...

, Spain

People

Amasio Valence Amasio Valence (born 12 May 1979) is a former rugby sevens player. He was born in Nadi, Fiji, but after he first made his break into professional rugby in 2000, he switched allegiances to New Zealand. He was hailed as one of the most promisin ...

(born 1979), Fijian rugby union player *

David Valence David Valence (born 7 October 1981) is a French politician from the Radical Party who was a Member of Parliament for Vosges's 2nd constituency from 2022 The year began with another wave in the COVID-19 pandemic, with SARS-CoV-2 Omic ...

(born 1981), French politician *

Maurice Valency Maurice Valency (22 March 1903 – 28 September 1996) was a playwright, author, critic, and popular professor of Comparative Literature at Columbia University, best known for his award-winning adaptations of plays by Jean Giraudoux and Friedri ...

(1903–1996), American playwright, author, critic and professor *

Aymer de Valence (bishop) Aymer de Valence ( 1222 – 4 December 1260) was a Bishop of Winchester around 1250. Life Valence was a half-brother of King Henry III of England;

(c. 1220–1260), bishop of Winchester *

William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembroke {{Infobox noble, name=William de Valence , christening_date= , noble family= , house-type= , father= Hugh X of Lusignan , mother= Isabella of Angoulême , birth_name= , birth_date={{c. 1227 , birth_place= , christening_place= , styles= , death_da ...

(1225–1296), French nobleman who played an important role in English politics *

Valence Mendis Valence Mendis, formally Warnakulasurya Wadumestrige Devasritha Valence Mendis, (born 21 May 1958) is a Sri Lankan prelate of the Catholic Church who has been the Bishop of Chilaw since 2006. He has been named bishop of Kandy, where he had spent ...

(born 1958), fourth bishop of Chilaw

Other uses

Valence Technology Valence Technology, Inc. was a company that developed and manufactured lithium iron phosphate cathode material as well as lithium ion battery modules and packs. The modules come in 12 V, 18 V, 24 V, and 36 V configurations ...

, an American battery manufacturer