Utopia is an
Aboriginal Australian
Aboriginal Australians are the various Indigenous peoples of the Mainland Australia, Australian mainland and many of its islands, such as Tasmania, Fraser Island, Hinchinbrook Island, the Tiwi Islands, and Groote Eylandt, but excluding the T ...
homeland area formed in November 1978 by the amalgamation of the former Utopia
pastoral lease with a tract of
unalienable
Some philosophers distinguish two types of rights, natural rights and legal rights.
* Natural rights are those that are not dependent on the laws or customs of any particular culture or government, and so are ''universal'', ''fundamental'' and ...
land to its north. It covers an area of , transected by the
Sandover River, and lies on a traditional boundary of the
Alyawarre
The Alyawarre, also spelt Alyawarr and also known as the Iliaura, are an Aboriginal Australian people, or language group, from the Northern Territory. The Alyawarre are made up of roughly 1,200 associated peoples and actively engage in local tra ...
and
Anmatyerre people, the two
Aboriginal language groups which predominate there today (85% speaking
Alyawarre
The Alyawarre, also spelt Alyawarr and also known as the Iliaura, are an Aboriginal Australian people, or language group, from the Northern Territory. The Alyawarre are made up of roughly 1,200 associated peoples and actively engage in local tra ...
).
It has a number of unique elements. It is one of a minority of communities created by autonomous activism in the early phase of the
land rights movement. It was neither a former
mission, nor a government settlement (
Aboriginal reserve
An Aboriginal reserve, also called simply reserve, was a government-sanctioned settlement for Aboriginal Australians, created under various state and federal legislation. Along with missions and other institutions, they were used from the 19th ce ...
), but was successfully claimed by
Aboriginal Australians
Aboriginal Australians are the various Indigenous peoples of the Mainland Australia, Australian mainland and many of its islands, such as Tasmania, Fraser Island, Hinchinbrook Island, the Tiwi Islands, and Groote Eylandt, but excluding the T ...
who had never been fully dispossessed. Its people have expressly repudiated any municipal establishment, and instead live in about 13 (or up to 16)
outstations (homelands) or
clan sites, each with a traditional claim to the place. The land is also differently identified as five Countries created by ancestors: Alhalpere, Rreltye, Thelye, Atarrkete and Ingutanka. Alhalkere, also known as Alalgura and Utopia Station, lies adjacent to Utopia, and is the birthplace of renowned artist
Emily Kame Kngwarreye.
Its
local government authority is the
Barkly Regional Council
The Barkly Region, formerly Barkly Shire, is a local government area of the Northern Territory of Australia, administered by the Barkly Regional Council. The region's main town is Tennant Creek. The region covers an area of and had a populat ...
, with two elected local authorities, Ampilatwatja and Arlparra. The peak body for representing the residents is the Urapuntja Aboriginal Corporation. A permit is required for all visitors, obtainable via the
Central Land Council
The Central Land Council (CLC) is a land council that represents the Aboriginal peoples of the southern half of the Northern Territory of Australia (NT), predominantly with regard to land issues. it is one of four land councils in the Northern ...
.
The health of the inhabitants is generally better than the average
Indigenous Australians' health
Indigenous health in Australia examines health and wellbeing indicators of Indigenous Australians compared with the rest of the population. Statistics indicate that Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders are much less healthy than oth ...
. Utopia is known for its artists, such as Emily Kame Kngwarreye and the Petyarre sisters, and there is a community art centre at Ampilatwatja.
History
By 1872 the
Overland Telegraph Line between Darwin and Alice Springs had been completed, which gave access to Europeans through many
traditional lands.
Pastoralism
Pastoralism is a form of animal husbandry where domesticated animals (known as " livestock") are released onto large vegetated outdoor lands ( pastures) for grazing, historically by nomadic people who moved around with their herds. The ani ...
grew little by little.
[ As the ]telegraph station
Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of messages where the sender uses symbolic codes, known to the recipient, rather than a physical exchange of an object bearing the message. Thus flag semaphore is a method of telegraphy, whereas p ...
to the south at Barrow Creek
Barrow Creek is a very small town, with a current population of 11, in the southern Northern Territory of Australia. It is located on the Stuart Highway, about 280 km north of Alice Springs, about halfway from there to Tennant Creek. The m ...
was constructed and inhabited, conflict between the local Kaytetye people
The Kaytetye, also written Kaititya, and pronounced ''kay-ditch'', are an Aboriginal Australian people who live around Barrow Creek and Tennant Creek in the Northern Territory. Their neighbours to the east are the Alyawarre, to the south the Anm ...
and Europeans occurred. Punitive expeditions caused many Kaytetye, Warumungu, Anmatjerre, and Alyawarre and Warlpiri people to be killed. This conflict was part of the Australian frontier wars in Central Australia, which caused the displacement of many Aboriginal people. Alyawarra people displaced by the violence during European dispossession fled in significant numbers across Wakaya country to Soudan and stations on the Barkly Tableland
The Barkly Tableland is a rolling plain of grassland in Australia. It runs from the eastern part of the Northern Territory into western Queensland. It is one of the five regions in the Northern Territory and covers , 21% of the Northern Terr ...
, later moving to Lake Nash
Alpurrurulam, from the original Aboriginal name ''Ilperrelhelame'', also known as Lake Nash, is a locality in the Northern Territory of Australia located in the territory's east about south-east of the territory capital of Darwin and about ea ...
and to refuges in the east in Kaytete lands and beyond.
The first European in the Ampilatwatja region was surveyor Charles Winnecke, who travelled through in 1877 and whose expedition needed help from the Anmatjerre to find water. European occupation of the Sandover region began in the early 1880s, around the southern Davenport Ranges __NOTOC__
Iytwelepenty / Davenport Range, or Davenport Ranges National Park (Iytwellepenty), previously the Davenport Murchison National Park, is a national park in the Northern Territory of Australia about south-east of the territorial capital ...
, the Elkedra and the Bundey Rivers. The settlements did not have access to a good supply of surface water; most were abandoned by 1895 because of drought
A drought is defined as drier than normal conditions.Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D. Jiang, A. Khan, W. Pokam Mba, D. Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, an ...
and conflict with the Aboriginal people in the area.
However, the pastoral leases occupied the better-watered land, and continued to expand. Around 1910, freehold title leases were granted by the federal government
A federation (also known as a federal state) is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing provinces, states, or other regions under a central federal government (federalism). In a federation, the self-govern ...
in order to establish cattle station
In Australia and New Zealand, a cattle station is a large farm (station is equivalent to the American ranch), the main activity of which is the rearing of cattle. The owner of a cattle station is called a ''grazier''. The largest cattle statio ...
s on Alyawarr land, aiming to bring white settlers and development to this part of the continent. Traditional owner
Native title is the designation given to the common law doctrine of Aboriginal title in Australia, which is the recognition by Australian law that Indigenous Australians (both Aboriginal Australian and Torres Strait Islander people) have righ ...
s lost rights to culturally significant sites as well as to their traditional hunting areas.[
Early pastoralists named Utopia in the 1920s, as a ]utopia
A utopia ( ) typically describes an imaginary community or society that possesses highly desirable or nearly perfect qualities for its members. It was coined by Sir Thomas More for his 1516 book '' Utopia'', describing a fictional island socie ...
in which they could catch rabbits by hand because there were so many of them.
The land which later became Utopia Station was first leased in 1928, but Aboriginal culture remained strong in this region. Many Aboriginal people worked on Utopia and other nearby stations, with men employed as stockmen and women as domestic servant
A domestic worker or domestic servant is a person who works within the scope of a residence. The term "domestic service" applies to the equivalent occupational category. In traditional English contexts, such a person was said to be "in service ...
s. The name is said to have originated with German settlers, brothers Trot and Sonny Kunoth, who acquired the pastoral lease in the 1930s, but others have suggested that it could be a corruption of ''Uturupa'', meaning "big sandhill
A sandhill is a type of ecological community or xeric wildfire-maintained ecosystem. It is not the same as a sand dune. It features very short fire return intervals, one to five years. Without fire, sandhills undergo ecological succession and be ...
", referring to an area northwest of Utopia.[
In 1940, the land around ]Ampilatwatja
Utopia is an Aboriginal Australian homeland area formed in November 1978 by the amalgamation of the former Utopia pastoral lease with a tract of unalienable land to its north. It covers an area of , transected by the Sandover River, and lies on ...
was taken up by John "Nugget" Morton, who was connected to the 1928 Coniston Massacre, and he created Ammaroo Station.[ By 1947, the entire land through the Sandover subdivision had been occupied.][
Relations between the Aboriginal people and cattlemen appear to have been problematic north of Utopia in Alyawarra/Anmatjirra/Kaititja country, but more cooperative in the south: Utopia, MacDonald Downs, Mt Swan, and Bundey River. The Chalmers family, who had owned the adjacent MacDonald Downs station since 1923, acquired the lease in 1965.][ They sold the lease of Utopia as a going concern to the Aboriginal Land Fund, before it was handed back to the Anmatyerr and Alyawarr people as Aboriginal freehold land in 1979][–1980 under the '' Aboriginal Land Rights (Northern Territory) Act 1976''. The ]Central Land Council
The Central Land Council (CLC) is a land council that represents the Aboriginal peoples of the southern half of the Northern Territory of Australia (NT), predominantly with regard to land issues. it is one of four land councils in the Northern ...
had lodged the claim on 20 November 1978. Five clans (one Anmatyerre and four Alyawarre) became legal owners of the station.
Alyawarr people took up work as drovers and fencers on Ammaroo Station the 1960s and 1970s, and in 1976 they were granted a small plot at what was known as Honeymoon Bore, about from the station, by the government; this later developed into Ampilatwatja
Utopia is an Aboriginal Australian homeland area formed in November 1978 by the amalgamation of the former Utopia pastoral lease with a tract of unalienable land to its north. It covers an area of , transected by the Sandover River, and lies on ...
, the biggest community in Utopia.[
During the ]Outstation movement
An outstation, homeland or homeland community is a very small, often remote, permanent community of Aboriginal Australian people connected by kinship, on land that often, but not always, has social, cultural or economic significance to them, as ...
of the 1970s and 1980s, many Aboriginal people created and moved to tiny communities known as outstations or homelands, as a move towards autonomy and self-sufficiency. There are 16 outstations in Utopia, 13 of these being small family outstations, two (Irrultja and Arawerr) classed as "minor communities" and Ampiliwatja, with a population of 350, classed as a "major community" (see also below).[
In 1976 Utopia pastoral lease No. 637 was acquired by the Aboriginal Land Fund Commission. In the 1990s Utopia Station was returned to ]traditional owner
Native title is the designation given to the common law doctrine of Aboriginal title in Australia, which is the recognition by Australian law that Indigenous Australians (both Aboriginal Australian and Torres Strait Islander people) have righ ...
ship, and around that time, the Alyawarr people of Ampilatwatja lodged a land claim for their traditional homelands.[
In 2013, Utopia lent its name to, and was a major focus of, a documentary film by John Pilger named '']Utopia
A utopia ( ) typically describes an imaginary community or society that possesses highly desirable or nearly perfect qualities for its members. It was coined by Sir Thomas More for his 1516 book '' Utopia'', describing a fictional island socie ...
'', highlighting historical and current issues faced by Indigenous communities across Australia.
Governance, population and services
Prior to 1 July 2008, Urapuntja Aboriginal Corporation was the local government authority responsible for service delivery to the people who live on the Angarapa and Alyawarra Land Trusts. On this date, there was an amalgamation of councils into a new shire framework, but the Corporation remains the peak representative body for residents.
provision of services to Utopia is split between several bodies: Barkly Regional Council
The Barkly Region, formerly Barkly Shire, is a local government area of the Northern Territory of Australia, administered by the Barkly Regional Council. The region's main town is Tennant Creek. The region covers an area of and had a populat ...
("Shire" until 2014) has responsibility for aged care and night patrol services, while the neighbouring Central Desert Regional Council has responsibility for road maintenance
A road is a linear way for the conveyance of traffic that mostly has an improved surface for use by vehicles (motorized and non-motorized) and pedestrians. Unlike streets, the main function of roads is transportation.
There are many types of ...
, and Urapuntja has responsibility for administering mail and Centrelink
The Centrelink Master Program, or more commonly known as Centrelink, is a Services Australia master program of the Australian Government. It delivers a range of government payments and services for retirees, the Unemployment, unemployed, f ...
. This arrangement has led to some confusion on occasion.
The council ward covering Utopia is Alyawarr. There are also two local authorities, which serve to advise the Council on service delivery plans, give advice on Council community and social projects to improve the life of residents, and alert Council to new issues in the community. The two local authorities in Utopia are Arlparra and Ampilatwatja.
In the 2016 Australian census
The 2016 Australian census was the 17th national population census held in Australia. The census was officially conducted with effect on Tuesday, 9 August 2016. The total population of the Commonwealth of Australia was counted as – an incr ...
, the population of the Utopia - Arawerr - Arlparra Indigenous location was 401, all Aboriginal, 85% of whom identified as Alyawarr. Only 4% of households only spoke English at home. However the population can vary enormously, depending on seasonal, social and cultural events, and is estimated to be around 1,000 people in total.[ The population of the small outstations can vary between 20 and 100 people.][
]
List of communities in Utopia
Today the largest centre is Ampiliwatja (about 350 people), with Irrultja and Arawerr next in size. The 13 family outstations are:[
* Irrmarne
* Indaringinya
* Ngkwarlerlanem
* Inkawenyerre
* Atnwengerrpe
* Amengernterneah (clinic, Urapuntja)
* Atheley
* Iylentye
* Artekerr
* Inkwelaye
* Arlparra (store, Urapuntja)
* Illeuwurru/Illuraharra
Ampilatwatja (pronounced ''um-bludder-witch'') is located in the heart of Alyawarr country, on the Sandover Highway, and is considered the "cultural heart" of the country, with many local artists living in this region. The Community Art Centre was established in 1999. The people of this area have close ties to the people who live at ]Alpurrurulam
Alpurrurulam, from the original Aboriginal name ''Ilperrelhelame'', also known as Lake Nash, is a locality in the Northern Territory of Australia located in the territory's east about south-east of the territory capital of Darwin and about e ...
(Lake Nash).[
Alhalkere, also known as Alalgura and formerly Utopia Station, lies adjacent to Utopia (and sometimes included in Utopia][), and is the birthplace of Emily Kame Kngwarreye. Utopia is also described as a grouping of five Countries, named after the ancestors who created them, giving them Indigenous place names: Alhalpere, Rreltye, Thelye, Atarrkete and Ingutanka.]
Services and facilities
The Utopia clinic is at Amengernternenh, and it services other small outstations such as Antarrengeny, Ngkwarlerlaner, and Arnkawwenyerr. It is "community-controlled". Aboriginal health workers are employed at some of the outstations.[
Community facilities in Arlparra, about south of the clinic,][ include a general store (with limited supplies of fresh food][), sports centre, police station (built during The Intervention in 2007 and manned by two officers][), the main school and a campus of the ]Batchelor Institute
Batchelor Institute of Indigenous Tertiary Education (BIITE, generally known as Batchelor Institute and formerly known as Batchelor College) provides training and further education, and higher education for Aboriginal Australians and Torres Str ...
, a tertiary education facility,[ and an aged care facility.][ Three other schools are based at Soapy Bore homeland, Apungalindum homeland and "the Health Clinic homeland.][
There is an ]airstrip
An aerodrome (Commonwealth English) or airdrome (American English) is a location from which aircraft flight operations take place, regardless of whether they involve air cargo, passengers, or neither, and regardless of whether it is for publ ...
at Ampilatwatja, used mostly for mail and the Royal Flying Doctor Service
The Royal Flying Doctor Service (RFDS), commonly known as the Flying Doctor, is an air medical service in Australia. It is a non-profit organisation that provides emergency and primary health care services for those living in rural, remote a ...
.[
There are other stores at Red-Gum Station and Three Bores.][
The ]power station
A power station, also referred to as a power plant and sometimes generating station or generating plant, is an industrial facility for the generation of electric power. Power stations are generally connected to an electrical grid.
Many p ...
at Arlparra generates and provides power to all homelands in the Utopia region, Ampilatwatja community, Ammaroo Station, Irrultja and Atnwengerrpe Homelands. All bores on homelands are electrified, apart from two operated by solar power
Solar power is the conversion of energy from sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV) or indirectly using concentrated solar power. Photovoltaic cells convert light into an electric current using the photovoltaic ef ...
.[
A permit is required for all visitors, obtainable via the ]Central Land Council
The Central Land Council (CLC) is a land council that represents the Aboriginal peoples of the southern half of the Northern Territory of Australia (NT), predominantly with regard to land issues. it is one of four land councils in the Northern ...
.[
]
Prohibition
The Utopia region is a dry community, and alcohol
Alcohol most commonly refers to:
* Alcohol (chemistry), an organic compound in which a hydroxyl group is bound to a carbon atom
* Alcohol (drug), an intoxicant found in alcoholic drinks
Alcohol may also refer to:
Chemicals
* Ethanol, one of sev ...
is strictly prohibited. There is a night patrol operated by the Urapuntja Aboriginal Corporation.[
]
Health and well-being
The 30-year history of Utopia (until 2011) is a record of self-determination against a background of well-developed communal will and widespread participation. The era of settlement included some profitable relations with white pastoralists and some degree of continuous Indigenous occupation. The community has had some success in mitigating the clinical disorders associated with transition to sedentary life, and minimising the advent of destructive behaviours and intoxicants. In addition, they have maintained a strong commitment to traditional practices and customs, which support identity in the face of coercive change. Sanitation issues such as the lack of rubbish collection and poor hygiene are significant obstacles to greater well-being.
A series of population health surveys carried out between 1986 and 2004 showed that Utopia people were significantly healthier than comparable groups, particularly their rates of mortality. This has been attributed to the more active "outstation way of life" and the consumption of traditional foods. Community living, cultural factors and the primary health care facility were also important factors.[
In 2014, the ]borehole
A borehole is a narrow shaft bored in the ground, either vertically or horizontally. A borehole may be constructed for many different purposes, including the extraction of water ( drilled water well and tube well), other liquids (such as petro ...
supplying water to the community of Utopia was broken during maintenance by Barkly Regional Council, and delivery of water via truck was irregular and insufficient, leading to the spread of disease. While there was dispute by authorities about the extent of the water shortage the Northern Territory government eventually agreed to fund the bore repairs, and money raised by a crowdfunding campaign was transferred to the Urapuntja Health Service.
Art
Body painting and sand paintings have always been important aspects of ceremony, and there has been a tradition of woodcarving
Wood carving is a form of woodworking by means of a cutting tool (knife) in one hand or a chisel by two hands or with one hand on a chisel and one hand on a mallet, resulting in a wooden figure or figurine, or in the sculptural ornamentati ...
which still continues, such as in the work of Josie Kunoth Petyarr, Dinni Kunoth Kemarr and Trudy Raggett Kemarr. Batik
Batik is an National costume of Indonesia, Indonesian technique of Resist dyeing, wax-resist dyeing applied to the whole cloth. This technique originated from the island of Java, Indonesia. Batik is made either by drawing dots and lines of ...
was introduced in 1977 and proved to be a very popular medium among the artists.[
In 1987, Rodney Gooch from the Central Australian Aboriginal Media Association (CAAMA) took over the Utopia Batik Group and encouraged the women to depict their stories and country on batik. This project culminated in the exhibition ''Utopia: A Picture Story'', in which 88 artists contributing (all women, except for two and which was shown in ]Adelaide
Adelaide ( ) is the list of Australian capital cities, capital city of South Australia, the state's largest city and the list of cities in Australia by population, fifth-most populous city in Australia. "Adelaide" may refer to either Greater A ...
, Sydney, Perth
Perth is the list of Australian capital cities, capital and largest city of the Australian states and territories of Australia, state of Western Australia. It is the list of cities in Australia by population, fourth most populous city in Aust ...
and Melbourne
Melbourne ( ; Boonwurrung/ Woiwurrung: ''Narrm'' or ''Naarm'') is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Its name generally refers to a me ...
and then travelled to Ireland, Germany, Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. ...
and Bangkok
Bangkok, officially known in Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon and colloquially as Krung Thep, is the capital and most populous city of Thailand. The city occupies in the Chao Phraya River delta in central Thailand and has an estimated populatio ...
.[
In 1989, artworks on silk by women artists from Utopia were exhibited in the very first exhibition in the Tandanya National Aboriginal Cultural Institute in Adelaide, entitled ''Utopia — A Picture Story''.]
The artists continued to experiment with many media and styles, with the dominating styles being "gestural abstractionism", such as the work of Emily Kame Kngwarreye, and the fine stippling
Stippling is the creation of a pattern simulating varying degrees of solidity or shading by using small dots. Such a pattern may occur in nature and these effects are frequently emulated by artists.
Art
In printmaking, stipple engraving is ...
techniques, as seen in the work of the Ngal sisters and Kathleen Petyarre.[
Utopia's Aboriginal artists have been remarkably successful, and continue to produce distinctive works that are collected by people in Australia and all over the world. Notable artists from Utopia include Emily Kame Kngwarreye; ]Angelina Pwerle
Angelina Pwerle (pronounced 'Pull-uh') is an Australian Indigenous artist, born c. 1946 in the Utopia region of Central Australia. Her work is held by the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the National Gallery of Australia and other institutions.
W ...
; seven sisters including Gloria Petyarre
Gloria Petyarre, also known as Gloria Pitjara was born in 1942 in Utopia, Northern Territory, Australia. She was an Aboriginal Australian artist from the Anmatyerre community, just north of Alice Springs. One of her best known works is "Bush ...
, Kathleen Petyarre, Nancy Petyarre and Jeanna Petyarre
Jeanna Petyarre (b. 1950), also known as Jeannie Petyarre, is a member of a family of artists that includes Kathleen Petyarre, Ada Bird Petyarre
Ada may refer to:
Places
Africa
* Ada Foah, a town in Ghana
* Ada (Ghana parliament constitue ...
, and their extended family members Elizabeth Kunoth Kngwarray
Elizabeth or Elisabeth may refer to:
People
* Elizabeth (given name), a female given name (including people with that name)
* Elizabeth (biblical figure), mother of John the Baptist
Ships
* HMS ''Elizabeth'', several ships
* ''Elisabeth'' (sc ...
(Kngwarreye) and others; Polly and Kathleen Ngal; Ruby, Lucky, Sarah and Hazel Morton; and many others.[
]
Art centres
*The Community Art Centre at Ampilatwatja, now known as Artists of Ampilatwatja, was established in 1999, and most artists based there paint landscapes and "Arreth" themes, which means paying homage to their traditional bush medicine
Bush medicine comprises traditional medicines used by Indigenous Australians, being Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Indigenous people have been using various components of native Australian flora and some fauna as medicine for t ...
, rather than Dreaming stories. The style is distinctive and different from most other Aboriginal artists, marked by their application of fine dots, and "often bright and child-like figurative depiction of the land".[
*There is also another, more recently established art centre, the Utopia Art Centre, established in 2021. It is located at ]Urapuntja
Utopia is an Aboriginal Australian homeland area formed in November 1978 by the amalgamation of the former Utopia pastoral lease with a tract of unalienable land to its north. It covers an area of , transected by the Sandover River, and lies on ...
and represents Alyawarr artists. where local artists Jennifer Purvis Kngwarreye (granddaughter of Emily Kame Kngwarreye, and an elder
An elder is someone with a degree of seniority or authority.
Elder or elders may refer to:
Positions Administrative
* Elder (administrative title), a position of authority
Cultural
* North American Indigenous elder, a person who has and tr ...
of the community) work. Jennifer's work (among others from the art centre) was exhibited at the Araluen Arts Centre in Alice Springs as part of the 30th annual Desert Mob
Desert Mob is Central Australia's largest First Nations art and cultural event and exhibition, held in Alice Springs/Mparntwe annually since 1991.
History
Developed by the Araluen Arts Centre, the first Desert Mob exhibition was held in 199 ...
exhibition in 2021, and bought by Artbank.[
]
Some artists
* Abie Loy Kemarre
*Kudditji Kngwarreye,
* Betty Mbitjana
* Emily Kame Kngwarreye
*Elizabeth Kunoth Kngwarray
Elizabeth or Elisabeth may refer to:
People
* Elizabeth (given name), a female given name (including people with that name)
* Elizabeth (biblical figure), mother of John the Baptist
Ships
* HMS ''Elizabeth'', several ships
* ''Elisabeth'' (sc ...
(Kngwarreye)
*Jennifer Purvis Kngwarreye
*Gloria Petyarre
Gloria Petyarre, also known as Gloria Pitjara was born in 1942 in Utopia, Northern Territory, Australia. She was an Aboriginal Australian artist from the Anmatyerre community, just north of Alice Springs. One of her best known works is "Bush ...
*Greeny Purvis Petyarre
Greenie may refer to:
* Greenie (Australian bird), an Australian lorikeet
* Greenie (Scottish bird), the European Greenfinch
* The mascot of Isidore Newman School in New Orleans, Louisiana
* The mascot of Christ School in Arden, North Carolina ...
(–2010, husband of Kathleen)
*Jeanna Petyarre
Jeanna Petyarre (b. 1950), also known as Jeannie Petyarre, is a member of a family of artists that includes Kathleen Petyarre, Ada Bird Petyarre
Ada may refer to:
Places
Africa
* Ada Foah, a town in Ghana
* Ada (Ghana parliament constitue ...
* Kathleen Petyarre
* Nancy Petyarre
*Angelina Pwerle
Angelina Pwerle (pronounced 'Pull-uh') is an Australian Indigenous artist, born c. 1946 in the Utopia region of Central Australia. Her work is held by the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the National Gallery of Australia and other institutions.
W ...
*Minnie Pwerle
Minnie Pwerle (also Minnie Purla or Minnie Motorcar Apwerl; born between 1910 and 1922 – 18 March 2006) was an Australian Aboriginal artist. She came from Utopia, Northern Territory (''Unupurna'' in local language), a cattle station in the ...
–2006)
*Jeannie Mills Pwerle
*Lena Pwerle, (born )
*Janelle Stockman Janelle may refer to:
* Janelle (given names)
* Janelle (surnames)
* 20673 Janelle, asteroid
Fictional characters:
* Janelle, a.k.a. Janae Timmins
* Janelle Duco, in episode " From a Whisper to a Scream" of television series ''Grey's Anatomy''
...
*Barbara Weir
Barbara (originally Florrie) Weir (born c. 1945, died 3 January 2023) is an Australian Aboriginal artist and politician. One of the Stolen Generations, she was removed from her Aboriginal family and raised in a series of foster homes. In the ...
Other notable residents
* Rosalie Kunoth-Monks, Chancellor
Chancellor ( la, cancellarius) is a title of various official positions in the governments of many nations. The original chancellors were the of Roman courts of justice—ushers, who sat at the or lattice work screens of a basilica or law cou ...
of Batchelor Institute of Indigenous Tertiary Education
Batchelor Institute of Indigenous Tertiary Education (BIITE, generally known as Batchelor Institute and formerly known as Batchelor College) provides training and further education, and higher education for Aboriginal Australians and Torres St ...
. She played the title role at age 14 in the 1955 Charles Chauvel film, ''Jedda
''Jedda'', released in the UK as ''Jedda the Uncivilized'', is a 1955 Australian film written, produced and directed by Charles Chauvel. His last film, it is notable for being the first to star two Aboriginal actors, Robert Tudawali and Ngarl ...
''.
References
Further reading
*
* Contains a collection of batik designs together with the story of their creation and exhibition.
*
*
*
*
*
External links
*
*
Utopia Art Centre
on Facebook
{{coord, 22, 15, S, 134, 40, E, region:AU-NT_type:city_source:kolossus-dewiki, display=title
Aboriginal communities in the Northern Territory
Australian Aboriginal freehold title
Geography of the Northern Territory
Populated places established in 1978
1978 establishments in Australia