The United Kingdom Census 1931 was a

census A census (from Latin ''censere'', 'to assess') is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording, and calculating population information about the members of a given Statistical population, population, usually displayed in the form of stati ...

of the

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

that was carried out on 26 April 1931. A census in Northern Ireland had been taken in April 1926, so no census was taken there in 1931. The questions asked were similar to those in 1921, with the addition of a question about everyone's usual place of residence, as opposed to where they actually were on that night. The records for England and Wales were destroyed by fire in December 1942.

Geographical scope

The census for England and Wales, the

Channel Islands The Channel Islands are an archipelago in the English Channel, off the French coast of Normandy. They are divided into two Crown Dependencies: the Jersey, Bailiwick of Jersey, which is the largest of the islands; and the Bailiwick of Guernsey, ...

, and the

Isle of Man The Isle of Man ( , also ), or Mann ( ), is a self-governing British Crown Dependency in the Irish Sea, between Great Britain and Ireland. As head of state, Charles III holds the title Lord of Mann and is represented by a Lieutenant Govern ...

was stored in London. The census returns for

Scotland Scotland is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It contains nearly one-third of the United Kingdom's land area, consisting of the northern part of the island of Great Britain and more than 790 adjac ...

were stored separately in Edinburgh.General Register Office: 1911 Census Schedules.
''The National Archives''. Retrieved 6 July 2017.

Destruction of 1931 census for England and Wales

The 1931 census for England and Wales was destroyed by fire on 19 December 1942, during the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

, while in storage, along with a large amount of furniture, at the

Office of Works The Office of Works was an organisation responsible for structures and exterior spaces, first established as part of the English royal household in 1378 to oversee the building and maintenance of the royal castles and residences. In 1832 it be ...

Hayes, Middlesex Hayes is a town in west London. Historically situated within the county of Middlesex, it is now part of the London Borough of Hillingdon. The town's population, including its localities Hayes End, Harlington and Yeading, was recorded in the ...

. W. A. Derrick of the General Register Office, who visited the scene of the aftermath, commented in a letter to the Central National Registration Office that "The fire was not occasioned by enemy action and how it achieved such dimensions in a store in which special hydrants had been fitted and said to have been in charge of a fire guard of 6 paid watchers, is a mystery which will need investigation". A report the following year mentioned a theory that the fire may have been started by a fire-watch employee's discarded cigarette; no action was taken. The entire census – schedules, enumeration books and plans – was destroyed, and it was recommended that in future census records be stored separately to prevent a similar complete loss. Fortunately the 1931 census for Scotland was not affected as it was stored in Edinburgh. There was no census taken in 1941 due to the Second World War; however, the register taken as a result of the

National Registration Act 1939 The National Registration Act 1939 ( 2 & 3 Geo. 6. c. 91) was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom. The initial National Registration Bill was introduced to Parliament as an emergency measure at the start of the Second World War. The ac ...

captures many of the same details as the census, with the added advantage of having each subject's date of birth, and has assumed greater significance following the destruction of the 1931 census. The 1939 register was released into the public domain on a subscription basis in 2015 with some redactions, including details of those still alive being blanked out.

References

{{Census in the United Kingdom

1931 Events January * January 2 – South Dakota native Ernest Lawrence invents the cyclotron, used to accelerate particles to study nuclear physics. * January 4 – German pilot Elly Beinhorn begins her flight to Africa. * January 22 – Sir I ...

Census A census (from Latin ''censere'', 'to assess') is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording, and calculating population information about the members of a given Statistical population, population, usually displayed in the form of stati ...

April 1931 in the United Kingdom

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

Geographical scope

Destruction of 1931 census for England and Wales

See also

References