The Unidirectional Lightweight Encapsulation (ULE) is a
data link layer
The data link layer, or layer 2, is the second layer of the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking. This layer is the protocol layer that transfers data between nodes on a network segment across the physical layer. The data link layer p ...
protocol for the transportation of network layer packets over
MPEG transport stream
MPEG transport stream (MPEG-TS, MTS) or simply transport stream (TS) is a standard digital container format for transmission and storage of audio, video, and Program and System Information Protocol (PSIP) data. It is used in broadcast syst ...
s.
Because of the very low protocol overhead, it is especially suited for IP over Satellite services (where every bit counts). Such a system is for example
DVB-S
Digital Video Broadcasting – Satellite (DVB-S) is the original DVB standard for satellite television and dates from 1995, in its first release, while development lasted from 1993 to 1997. The first commercial applications were by Canal+ in ...
. However, ULE can also be used in the context of
DVB-C
Digital Video Broadcasting - Cable (DVB-C) is the Digital Video Broadcasting, DVB European consortium standard for the broadcast transmission of digital television over coaxial cable, cable. This system transmits an MPEG-2 or MPEG-4 family digita ...
and
DVB-T
DVB-T, short for Digital Video Broadcasting – Terrestrial, is the DVB European-based consortium standard for the broadcast transmission of digital terrestrial television that was first published in 1997 and first broadcast in Singapore in Fe ...
, theoretically in every system which is based on MPEG transport streams (e.g.,
ATSC).
ULE has been engineered by the
IP over DVB (ipdvb) working group of the
Internet Engineering Task Force
The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is a standards organization for the Internet standard, Internet and is responsible for the technical standards that make up the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP). It has no formal membership roster ...
(IETF) and has been standardized in RFC 4326.
Another encapsulation method is
Multiprotocol Encapsulation {{IPstack
Multiprotocol Encapsulation, or MPE for short, is a Data link layer protocol defined
by DVB which has been published as part of ETSI EN 301 192. It
provides means to carry packet oriented protocols (like for instance
IP) on top of MPEG ...
(MPE), which was developed and standardized by the
DVB project.
See also
*
MPEG-2
MPEG-2 (a.k.a. H.222/H.262 as was defined by the ITU) is a standard for "the generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information". It describes a combination of lossy video compression and lossy audio data compression methods ...
*
Generic Stream Encapsulation
Generic Stream Encapsulation, or GSE for short, is a Data link layer protocol defined by DVB. GSE provides means to carry packet oriented protocols such as IP on top of uni-directional physical layers such as DVB-S2, DVB-T2 and DVB-C2.
GSE pro ...
(GSE)
*
Multiprotocol Encapsulation {{IPstack
Multiprotocol Encapsulation, or MPE for short, is a Data link layer protocol defined
by DVB which has been published as part of ETSI EN 301 192. It
provides means to carry packet oriented protocols (like for instance
IP) on top of MPEG ...
(MPE)
*
Datacasting
Datacasting (data broadcasting) is the transmission of data over a wide area using radio waves. It typically refers to supplemental information sent by television stations alongside digital terrestrial television (DTT) signals. However, datacas ...
*
Internet Protocol Datacasting
Datacasting (data broadcasting) is the transmission of data over a wide area using radio waves. It typically refers to supplemental information sent by television stations alongside digital terrestrial television (DTT) signals. However, datacasti ...
(IPDC) for
DVB-H
DVB-H (digital video broadcasting - handheld) is one of three prevalent mobile TV formats. It is a technical specification for bringing broadcast services to mobile handsets. DVB-H was formally adopted as ETSI standard EN 302 304 in November 2 ...
*
UDcast
*
Interactive television
Interactive television is a form of Technological convergence#Media, media convergence, adding data services to traditional television technology. It has included on-demand delivery of content, online shopping, and viewer polls. Interactive TV i ...
Implementations
Software:
Linux Kernel
The ipdvb Working Group maintains a list o
References
{{Reflist
External links
IP over DVB (ipdvb) Working Group
MPEG
Broadcast engineering
Interactive television
Link protocols
Logical link control