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''Tteok'' ( ko, 떡) is a class of
Korea Korea ( ko, 한국, or , ) is a peninsular region in East Asia. Since 1945, it has been divided at or near the 38th parallel, with North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) comprising its northern half and South Korea (Republic o ...
n
rice cake A rice cake may be any kind of food item made from rice that has been shaped, condensed, or otherwise combined into a single object. A wide variety of rice cakes exist in many different cultures in which rice is eaten and are particularly preval ...
s made with steamed
flour Flour is a powder made by grinding raw grains, roots, beans, nuts, or seeds. Flours are used to make many different foods. Cereal flour, particularly wheat flour, is the main ingredient of bread, which is a staple food for many culture ...
made of various grains, including
glutinous Domestication syndrome refers to two sets of phenotypic traits that are common to either domestication of animals, domesticated animals, or domesticated plants. These traits were identified by Charles Darwin in ''The Variation of Animals and Pl ...
or non-glutinous
rice Rice is the seed of the grass species ''Oryza sativa'' (Asian rice) or less commonly ''Oryza glaberrima ''Oryza glaberrima'', commonly known as African rice, is one of the two domesticated rice species. It was first domesticated and grown i ...
. Steamed flour can also be pounded, shaped, or pan-fried to make ''tteok''. In some cases, ''tteok'' is pounded from cooked grains. ''Tteok'' is enjoyed not only as a dessert or seasonal delicacy, but also as a meal. It can range from elaborate versions made of various colors, fragrances, and shapes using nuts, fruits, flowers, and ''namul'' (herbs/wild greens), to plain white rice ''tteok'' used in home cooking. Some common ingredients for many kinds of ''tteok'' are
red bean Red bean is a common name for several plants and may refer to: * Adzuki bean (''Vigna angularis''), commonly used in Japanese, Korean, and Chinese cuisine, particularly as red bean paste * Kidney bean, red variety of ''Phaseolus vulgaris'', commo ...
,
soybean The soybean, soy bean, or soya bean (''Glycine max'') is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean, which has numerous uses. Traditional unfermented food uses of soybeans include soy milk, from which tofu an ...
,
mung bean The mung bean (''Vigna radiata''), alternatively known as the green gram, maash ( fa, ماش٫ )٫ mūng (), monggo, or munggo (Philippines), is a plant species in the legume family.Brief Introduction of Mung Bean. Vigna Radiata Extract G ...
,
mugwort Mugwort is a common name for several species of aromatic flowering plants in the genus ''Artemisia.'' In Europe, mugwort most often refers to the species '' Artemisia vulgaris'', or common mugwort. In East Asia the species '' Artemisia argyi'' i ...
,
pumpkin A pumpkin is a vernacular term for mature winter squash of species and varieties in the genus ''Cucurbita'' that has culinary and cultural significance but no agreed upon botanical or scientific meaning. The term ''pumpkin'' is sometimes use ...
,
chestnut The chestnuts are the deciduous trees and shrubs in the genus ''Castanea'', in the beech family Fagaceae. They are native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The name also refers to the edible nuts they produce. The unrelat ...
,
pine nut Pine nuts, also called piñón (), pinoli (), pignoli or chilgoza (), are the edible seeds of pines (family Pinaceae, genus ''Pinus''). According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, only 29 species provide edible nuts, while 20 are trade ...
,
jujube Jujube (), sometimes jujuba, known by the scientific name ''Ziziphus jujuba'' and also called red date, Chinese date, and Chinese jujube, is a species in the genus ''Ziziphus'' in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae. Description It is a smal ...
, dried fruits,
sesame Sesame ( or ; ''Sesamum indicum'') is a flowering plant in the genus ''Sesamum'', also called benne. Numerous wild relatives occur in Africa and a smaller number in India. It is widely naturalized in tropical regions around the world and is cu ...
seeds and oil, and
honey Honey is a sweet and viscous substance made by several bees, the best-known of which are honey bees. Honey is made and stored to nourish bee colonies. Bees produce honey by gathering and then refining the sugary secretions of plants (primar ...
. ''Tteok'' is usually a food that is shared. ''Tteok'' offered to spirits is called ''boktteok'' ("
good fortune Luck is the phenomenon and belief that defines the experience of improbable events, especially improbably positive or negative ones. The naturalistic interpretation is that positive and negative events may happen at any time, both due to rand ...
rice cake") and shared with neighbours and relatives. It is also one of the celebratory foods used in banquets, rites, and various festive events. ''
Tteokguk Tteokguk * () or sliced rice cake soup is a traditional Korean dish eaten during the celebration of the Korean New Year. The dish consists of the broth/soup (''guk'') with thinly sliced rice cakes (''tteok''). It is tradition to eat ''tteokguk' ...
'' ("rice cake soup") is shared to celebrate
Korean New Year Seollal () is a festival and national holiday commemorating the first day of the Chinese lunisolar calendar. It is one of the most important traditional holidays in both North and South Korea. The celebration usually lasts three days: the day ...
and ''
songpyeon ''Songpyeon'' (, 松䭏) is a traditional Korean food made of rice powder. It is a type of ''tteok'', small rice cakes, traditionally eaten during the Korean autumn harvest festival, Chuseok. It is a popular symbol of traditional Korean culture ...
'' is shared on
Chuseok ''Chuseok'' (; , literally "autumn evening"), also known as ''Hangawi'' (Hangul: ; ; from archaic Korean for "the great middle (of autumn)"), is a major mid-autumn harvest festival and a three-day holiday in South Korea celebrated on the 15th ...
, a harvest festival.


History

The history of rice cakes goes back to the primitive agricultural society. It is presumed that it is because at least about the 7th to 8th centuries B.C., there are records of sowing seeds and plowing and farming in this land, or because almost all of them are found in the ruins like Galdol (a flat stone used as a tool when grinding fruit against a grind stone) or Dolhwag (a small mortar made of stone) of that period. The origin of rice cakes began in prehistoric times when the coarse powder obtained from the primitive threshing process of multigrains was baked without cooking utensils or by making earthquake foods.


Utensils for making ''tteok''

Below are cooking utensils used to make ''tteok'' in the traditional Korean way. * ''Ki'' (키),
winnowing Winnowing is a process by which chaff is separated from grain. It can also be used to remove pests from stored grain. Winnowing usually follows threshing in grain preparation. In its simplest form, it involves throwing the mixture into the ...
bamboo basket * ''Inambak'' (이남박), rice-washing bowl * ''Bagaji'' (바가지), gourd-like dipper * ''Ongbaegi'' (옹배기) and ''jabaegi'' (자배기), large, round pottery bowls * ''Che'' (체) and ''chetdari'' (쳇다리), sieve and sieve-frame legs * ''Maetdol'' (맷돌), grinding stone * ''
Jeolgu ''Jeolgu'' () and ''gongi'' () are a type of traditional Korean mortar and pestle set, used for pounding grains or ''tteok'' (rice cake). They can be made with timber, stone, or iron. ''Jeolgu'' is a bowl-shaped vessel in which grains or ''tteok'' ...
'' (절구) and ''jeolgutgongi'' (절굿공이),
mortar and pestle Mortar and pestle is a set of two simple tools used from the Stone Age to the present day to prepare ingredients or substances by crushing and grinding them into a fine paste or powder in the kitchen, laboratory, and pharmacy. The ''mortar'' () ...
* ''Anban'' (안반) and ''tteokme'' (떡메), wooden pounding board and
mallet A mallet is a tool used for imparting force on another object, often made of rubber or sometimes wood, that is smaller than a maul or beetle, and usually has a relatively large head. The term is descriptive of the overall size and proport ...
video
/sup> * ''
Siru ''Siru'' () is an earthenware steamer used to steam grain or grain flour dishes such as ''tteok'' (rice cakes). Gallery Si-lu (side2).jpg, A Bronze Age ''siru'' See also * List of cooking vessels * Bamboo steamer * ''Siru-tteok Si ...
'' (시루) and ''sirumit'' (시루밑), earthenware steamer and mat placed in the bottom of it * '' Sot'' (솥) and ''geonggeure'' (겅그레),
cauldron A cauldron (or caldron) is a large pot (kettle) for cooking or boiling over an open fire, with a lid and frequently with an arc-shaped hanger and/or integral handles or feet. There is a rich history of cauldron lore in religion, mythology, and ...
and steaming rack * ''Beoncheol'' (번철), thick frying pan * ''Chaeban'' (채반), wicker tray * ''Tteoksal'' (떡살), wooden ''tteok'' pattern stamp


Types

''Tteok'' is largely divided into four categories: ''"steamed tteok"'' (찌는 떡), ''"pounded tteok"'' (치는 떡), ''"boiled tteok"'' (삶는 떡) and ''"pan-fried tteok"'' (지지는 떡). The steamed tteok is made by steaming rice or
glutinous rice Glutinous rice (''Oryza sativa var. glutinosa''; also called sticky rice, sweet rice or waxy rice) is a type of rice grown mainly in Southeast and East Asia, and the northeastern regions of South Asia, which has opaque grains, very low amylose ...
flour in ''"siru"'' (시루), or a large
earthenware Earthenware is glazed or unglazed nonvitreous pottery that has normally been fired below . Basic earthenware, often called terracotta, absorbs liquids such as water. However, earthenware can be made impervious to liquids by coating it with a ce ...
steamer, so it is often called ''"sirutteok"'' (시루떡). It is regarded as the basic and oldest form of ''tteok''. Pounded ''tteok'' is made by using a pounding board or mortar after steaming it first. In making pan-fried tteok, the rice dough is flattened like a
pancake A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a Starch, starch-based batter (cooking), batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or fryi ...
and pan-fried with vegetable oil. Shaped ''tteok'' are made by kneading dough with hot water, then shaping it into balls.


Steamed tteok

The main ingredients for steamed ''tteok'' or ''"
sirutteok Sirutteok (시루떡) is a type of Korean rice cake (''tteok'') traditionally made by steaming rice or glutinous rice flour in a "siru" (시루). The Siru is an earthenware steaming vessel that dates back to the late bronze age of the Korean ...
"'' are
rice Rice is the seed of the grass species ''Oryza sativa'' (Asian rice) or less commonly ''Oryza glaberrima ''Oryza glaberrima'', commonly known as African rice, is one of the two domesticated rice species. It was first domesticated and grown i ...
(멥쌀, ''mebssal'' in Korean) or
glutinous rice Glutinous rice (''Oryza sativa var. glutinosa''; also called sticky rice, sweet rice or waxy rice) is a type of rice grown mainly in Southeast and East Asia, and the northeastern regions of South Asia, which has opaque grains, very low amylose ...
(찹쌀 ''chapssal''), and sometimes they are mixed together. In some cases, other grains, beans (
azuki bean ''Vigna angularis'', also known as the adzuki bean , azuki bean, aduki bean, red bean, or red mung bean, is an annual vine widely cultivated throughout East Asia for its small (approximately long) bean. The cultivars most familiar in East Asia ...
s or
mung bean The mung bean (''Vigna radiata''), alternatively known as the green gram, maash ( fa, ماش٫ )٫ mūng (), monggo, or munggo (Philippines), is a plant species in the legume family.Brief Introduction of Mung Bean. Vigna Radiata Extract G ...
s),
sesame Sesame ( or ; ''Sesamum indicum'') is a flowering plant in the genus ''Sesamum'', also called benne. Numerous wild relatives occur in Africa and a smaller number in India. It is widely naturalized in tropical regions around the world and is cu ...
seeds,
wheat flour Wheat flour is a powder made from the grinding of wheat used for human consumption. Wheat varieties are called "soft" or "weak" if gluten content is low, and are called "hard" or "strong" if they have high gluten content. Hard flour, or ''bread ...
, or
starch Starch or amylum is a polymeric carbohydrate consisting of numerous glucose units joined by glycosidic bonds. This polysaccharide is produced by most green plants for energy storage. Worldwide, it is the most common carbohydrate in human diets ...
are mixed with the rice. Various
fruit In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants that is formed from the ovary after flowering. Fruits are the means by which flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) disseminate their seeds. Edible fruits in particu ...
s and nuts are used as subsidiary ingredients, such as
persimmon The persimmon is the edible fruit of a number of species of trees in the genus ''Diospyros''. The most widely cultivated of these is the Oriental persimmon, ''Diospyros kaki'' ''Diospyros'' is in the family Ebenaceae, and a number of non-pers ...
s,
peach The peach (''Prunus persica'') is a deciduous tree first domesticated and cultivated in Zhejiang province of Eastern China. It bears edible juicy fruits with various characteristics, most called peaches and others (the glossy-skinned, non-fu ...
es or
apricot An apricot (, ) is a fruit, or the tree that bears the fruit, of several species in the genus ''Prunus''. Usually, an apricot is from the species '' P. armeniaca'', but the fruits of the other species in ''Prunus'' sect. ''Armeniaca'' are also ...
s,
chestnut The chestnuts are the deciduous trees and shrubs in the genus ''Castanea'', in the beech family Fagaceae. They are native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The name also refers to the edible nuts they produce. The unrelat ...
s,
walnut A walnut is the edible seed of a drupe of any tree of the genus ''Juglans'' (family Juglandaceae), particularly the Persian or English walnut, '' Juglans regia''. Although culinarily considered a "nut" and used as such, it is not a true ...
s, and
pine nut Pine nuts, also called piñón (), pinoli (), pignoli or chilgoza (), are the edible seeds of pines (family Pinaceae, genus ''Pinus''). According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, only 29 species provide edible nuts, while 20 are trade ...
s. In addition, marinated vegetables or herbs can be used to flavor the ''tteok''. ''Danggwi'' leaves ('' Ostericum grosseserratum''), ''
seogi ''Umbilicaria esculenta'' is a lichen of the genus ''Umbilicaria'' that grows on rocks, also known as rock tripe. It can be found in East Asia including in China, Japan, and Korea. It is edible when properly prepared and has been used as a food ...
'' mushroom (manna
lichen A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.radish The radish (''Raphanus raphanistrum'' subsp. ''sativus'') is an Eating, edible root vegetable of the family Brassicaceae that was domesticated in Asia prior to Roman Empire, Roman times. Radishes are grown and consumed throughout the world, be ...
,
artemisia Artemisia may refer to: People * Artemisia I of Caria (fl. 480 BC), queen of Halicarnassus under the First Persian Empire, naval commander during the second Persian invasion of Greece * Artemisia II of Caria (died 350 BC), queen of Caria under th ...
,
pepper Pepper or peppers may refer to: Food and spice * Piperaceae or the pepper family, a large family of flowering plant ** Black pepper * ''Capsicum'' or pepper, a genus of flowering plants in the nightshade family Solanaceae ** Bell pepper ** Chili ...
, and ''
cheongju Cheongju () is the capital and largest List of cities in South Korea, city of North Chungcheong Province in South Korea. History Cheongju has been an important provincial town since ancient times. In the Cheongju Mountains, specifically in the ...
'' are the most common flavorings, and honey and sugar are used as
sweeteners A sugar substitute is a food additive Food additives are substances added to food to preserve flavor or enhance taste, appearance, or other sensory qualities. Some additives have been used for centuries as part of an effort to preserve food, ...
. In order to make steamed ''tteok'' or ''sirutteok'', rice or glutinous rice is soaked in water for a while, then ground. The prepared rice flour is put in a ''siru'' and steamed. According to steaming method, ''
sirutteok Sirutteok (시루떡) is a type of Korean rice cake (''tteok'') traditionally made by steaming rice or glutinous rice flour in a "siru" (시루). The Siru is an earthenware steaming vessel that dates back to the late bronze age of the Korean ...
'' is subdivided into two groups: ''seolgitteok'' (설기떡), which is shaped into a single large lump, and ''kyeotteok'' (켜떡), which consists of multiple layers with
adzuki bean ''Vigna angularis'', also known as the adzuki bean , azuki bean, aduki bean, red bean, or red mung bean, is an Annual plant, annual vine widely cultivated throughout East Asia for its small (approximately long) bean. The cultivars most familiar ...
powder or other bean powder. ''Seolgitteok'' is also called ''muritteok'' (무리떡), which is regarded as the most basic form of ''sirutteok'' because it is made only of rice. When making ''kyeotteok'', rice and glutinous rice are mixed. The name ''kyeotteok'' derives from the adverb ''kyeokeyo'' (켜켜, literally "layered") in Korean because this ''tteok'' is made in layers. *''
Baekseolgi Baekseolgi (백설기) is a kind of rice cake (tteok) made of rice flour dough. It is originated in Korea and a prime part of Korean culture. A Baekseolgi contains rice flour, sugar, and salt. It is usually eaten on the special occasions among K ...
'' (백설기) - a variety of ''siru tteok''. It literally means white snow ''tteok'' and is made of white rice. *''Kongtteok'' (콩떡) - ''tteok'' made with various kinds of beans *''
Jeungpyeon ''Jeungpyeon'' (), also called ''sultteok'' (), is a variety of ''tteok'' (rice cake) made by steaming rice flour dough prepared with ''makgeolli'' (rice wine). Preparation Sieved non-glutinous rice flour is mixed with hot ''makgeolli'' (rice ...
'' or '' Sultteok - ''tteok'' made with ''
makgeolli ''Makgeolli'' ( ko, 막걸리, raw rice wine ), sometimes anglicized to makkoli (, ), is a Korean alcoholic beverage. The milky, off-white, and lightly sparkling rice wine has a slight viscosity that tastes slightly sweet, tangy, bitter, and ast ...
'' (unfiltered rice wine) *'' Mujigae tteok'' (무지개떡

- literally "rainbow ''tteok''"; this variety of ''tteok'' has colorful stripes. The ''tteok'' is used especially for ''janchi'' (잔치), a Korean banquet, party, or feast such as ''dol'' (celebrating a baby's first birthday), '' Hwangap'' (celebrating a 60th birthday), or ''gyeolhon janchi'' (wedding party)


Pounded tteok

In traditional preparations, pounded ''tteok'' is made by pounding rice or glutinous rice with utensils called ''
jeolgu ''Jeolgu'' () and ''gongi'' () are a type of traditional Korean mortar and pestle set, used for pounding grains or ''tteok'' (rice cake). They can be made with timber, stone, or iron. ''Jeolgu'' is a bowl-shaped vessel in which grains or ''tteok'' ...
'' and ''jeolgutgongi'' or ''tteokme'' and ''anban''. ''
Injeolmi ''Injeolmi'' (, ) is a variety of ''tteok'', or Korean rice cake, made by steaming and pounding glutinous rice flour, which is shaped into small pieces and usually covered with steamed powdered dried beans or other ingredients. It is a representa ...
'' (''tteok'' coated with adzuki bean powder or roasted soybean powder), ''
garaetteok ''Garae-tteok'' () is a long, cylindrical ''tteok'' (rice cake) made with non-glutinous rice flour. Grilled ''garae-tteok'' is sometimes sold as street food. Thinly (and usually diagonally) sliced ''garae-tteok'' is used for making ''tteokguk'' ( ...
'' (가래떡 cylinder-shaped white tteok), ''
jeolpyeon ''Jeolpyeon'' () is a type of ''tteok'' (rice cake) made of non-glutinous rice flour. Unlike when making ''siru-tteok'' or '' baekseolgi'', the rice flour steamed in '' siru'' is pounded into a dough, divided into small pieces, and patterned wit ...
'' (절편 patterned tteok) and '' danja'' (단자 glutinous tteok ball coated with bean paste)” are the most commonly eaten pounded ''tteok''. Rice and glutinous rice are hulled to make grain particles or powder and then steamed in a ''siru'' (earthenware steamer) and pounded with utensils. The pounded tteok is divided by rice type into glutinous pounded tteok (찹쌀도병 ''chapssal dobyeong'') and non-glutinous pounded ''tteok'' (맵쌀도병 ''mapssal dobyeong''). ''Injeolmi'', a representative of glutinous pounded tteok, varies in accordance with ''
gomul ''Gomul'' () refers to a number of powdered coatings, toppings, fillings, or dips in Korean cuisine. Uses ''Gomul'' is used to improve the appearance and taste of ''tteok'' (rice cake), including ''injeolmi'', '' danja'', and '' gyeongdan'', as ...
'' types (고물, coating made with bean powder, sesame seeds, or sliced jujubes) or subsidiary ingredients mixed into the
steamed rice Cooked rice refers to rice that has been cooked either by steaming or boiling. The terms steamed rice or boiled rice are also commonly used. Any variant of Asian rice (both Indica and Japonica varieties), African rice or wild rice, glutinous ...
while pounding on the ''anban''. ''Patinjeolmi'' (팥인절미), and ''kkaeinjeolmi'' (깨인절미) are examples for the former, coated with red bean powder and sesame, respectively. In ''ssuk injeolmi'' (쑥인절미) and ''surichwi injeolmi'' (수리취인절미), ''ssuk'' ( Artemisia princeps var. orientalis) and ''surichwi'' ( ''Synurus deltoides'' (AIT.) NAKAI) are added. *''
Garae-tteok ''Garae-tteok'' () is a long, cylindrical ''tteok'' (rice cake) made with non-glutinous rice flour. Grilled ''garae-tteok'' is sometimes sold as street food. Thinly (and usually diagonally) sliced ''garae-tteok'' is used for making ''tteokguk'' ( ...
'' (가래떡; also called ''huin tteok'', 흰떡, literally "white tteok") – ''tteok'' formed into a long white cylinder. The thinly sliced ''garae tteok'' is used for making ''
tteok guk Tteokguk * () or sliced rice cake soup is a traditional Korean dish eaten during the celebration of the Korean New Year. The dish consists of the broth/soup (''guk'') with thinly sliced rice cakes (''tteok''). It is tradition to eat ''tteokguk' ...
''. *'' Omegi tteok'' (오메기떡) – traditional ''tteok'' of Jeju Island, the biggest island in Korea


Shaped ''tteok''

*''Ggul tteok'' (꿀떡) - literally means "tteok with honey" but the ''tteok'' is stuffed with Korean syrup. ''Ggul tteok'' is similar to ''
songpyeon ''Songpyeon'' (, 松䭏) is a traditional Korean food made of rice powder. It is a type of ''tteok'', small rice cakes, traditionally eaten during the Korean autumn harvest festival, Chuseok. It is a popular symbol of traditional Korean culture ...
'' in shape, but smaller in size *''
Songpyeon ''Songpyeon'' (, 松䭏) is a traditional Korean food made of rice powder. It is a type of ''tteok'', small rice cakes, traditionally eaten during the Korean autumn harvest festival, Chuseok. It is a popular symbol of traditional Korean culture ...
'' (송편) - eaten during
Chuseok ''Chuseok'' (; , literally "autumn evening"), also known as ''Hangawi'' (Hangul: ; ; from archaic Korean for "the great middle (of autumn)"), is a major mid-autumn harvest festival and a three-day holiday in South Korea celebrated on the 15th ...
holiday (추석), Korean thanksgiving day *''Gochitteok'' (고치떡) *''Ssamtteok'' (쌈떡) - ''tteok'' used for ''ssam'' (쌈, food wrapped in a leaf) *''Dalgal tteok'' (닭알떡

- named after ''dalgal'' (달걀 or 계란 egg) *''
Gyeongdan ''Gyeongdan'' () or Korean rice ball cake is a type of ''tteok'' (rice cake) made of glutinous rice or other glutinous cereal flours. When the cereal other than rice is used, its name is usually specified, making compound nouns such as ''susugye ...
'' - Inside these rice balls are usually red bean or sesame paste. The balls are usually dipped and covered in black sesame or other powders. *''
Bupyeon ''Bupyeon'' () is a type of steamed ''tteok'' (rice cake), used in traditional weddings. It is a local specialty of Miryang, South Gyeongsang Province. Preparation Glutinous rice flour is kneaded with boiling water and rolled into small round c ...
'', consisting of dough made of
glutinous rice Glutinous rice (''Oryza sativa var. glutinosa''; also called sticky rice, sweet rice or waxy rice) is a type of rice grown mainly in Southeast and East Asia, and the northeastern regions of South Asia, which has opaque grains, very low amylose ...
flour with a sweet filling and coated in ''
gomul ''Gomul'' () refers to a number of powdered coatings, toppings, fillings, or dips in Korean cuisine. Uses ''Gomul'' is used to improve the appearance and taste of ''tteok'' (rice cake), including ''injeolmi'', '' danja'', and '' gyeongdan'', as ...
'' (powdered beans).


Pan-fried ''tteok''

*''
Hwajeon ''Hwajeon'' (), or flower cake is a small Korean pan-fried rice cake. It is made out of glutinous rice flour, honey and edible petals from seasonal flowers, such as rhododendron. It is eaten during the festivals of ''Samjinnal'' and Buddha's Birt ...
'

- small, sweet pancakes made of flour of glutinous rice and decorated with flower petals of the Korean
azalea Azaleas are flowering shrubs in the genus ''Rhododendron'', particularly the former sections ''Tsutsusi'' (evergreen) and '' Pentanthera'' (deciduous). Azaleas bloom in the spring (April and May in the temperate Northern Hemisphere, and Octob ...
,
chrysanthemum Chrysanthemums (), sometimes called mums or chrysanths, are flowering plants of the genus ''Chrysanthemum'' in the family Asteraceae. They are native to East Asia and northeastern Europe. Most species originate from East Asia and the center ...
, or rose. *''Bukkumi'' (부꾸미), pan-fried sweet ''tteok'' with various fillings in a
crescent A crescent shape (, ) is a symbol or emblem used to represent the lunar phase in the first quarter (the "sickle moon"), or by extension a symbol representing the Moon itself. In Hinduism, Lord Shiva is often shown wearing a crescent moon on his ...
shape *''Juak'' (주악), made of
glutinous rice Glutinous rice (''Oryza sativa var. glutinosa''; also called sticky rice, sweet rice or waxy rice) is a type of rice grown mainly in Southeast and East Asia, and the northeastern regions of South Asia, which has opaque grains, very low amylose ...
flour and stuffed with fillings such as
mushroom A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. ''Toadstool'' generally denotes one poisonous to humans. The standard for the name "mushroom" is t ...
s,
jujube Jujube (), sometimes jujuba, known by the scientific name ''Ziziphus jujuba'' and also called red date, Chinese date, and Chinese jujube, is a species in the genus ''Ziziphus'' in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae. Description It is a smal ...
s, and
chestnut The chestnuts are the deciduous trees and shrubs in the genus ''Castanea'', in the beech family Fagaceae. They are native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The name also refers to the edible nuts they produce. The unrelat ...
s, and pan-fried. ''Juak'' are colored with natural coloring and covered with sugar or coated in honey.


Other varieties

*''Ssuk tteok'' (쑥떡) *''Gaksaek pyeon'' (각색


Gallery

File:Tteokbokki.JPG, Tteokbokki Image:Korean.dessert-Tteok-Songpyeon-Kkultteok.01.jpg, Kkul tteok(꿀떡) Image:Korea-Sokcho-2007 Seorak Festival-06.jpg,
Injeolmi ''Injeolmi'' (, ) is a variety of ''tteok'', or Korean rice cake, made by steaming and pounding glutinous rice flour, which is shaped into small pieces and usually covered with steamed powdered dried beans or other ingredients. It is a representa ...
Image:Korean.Folk.Village-Minsokchon-25.jpg, ''Siru'' in front and other ''onggi'' (generic term for earthenware) Image:Korea-Seoul-Insadong-Pounding tteok-02.jpg, Pounding ''tteok'' Image: Sirutteok.jpg, ''Pat sirutteok'', steamed ''sirutteok'' topped with adzuki bean, red beans Image:Hobakseolgitteok (pumpkin seolgi tteok).jpg, ''Hobak seolgitteok'', steamed ''seolgitteok'' made with
pumpkin A pumpkin is a vernacular term for mature winter squash of species and varieties in the genus ''Cucurbita'' that has culinary and cultural significance but no agreed upon botanical or scientific meaning. The term ''pumpkin'' is sometimes use ...
s Image:Sultteok.jpg, Sultteok


Dishes made with ''tteok''

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Tteok guk Tteokguk * () or sliced rice cake soup is a traditional Korean dish eaten during the celebration of the Korean New Year. The dish consists of the broth/soup (''guk'') with thinly sliced rice cakes (''tteok''). It is tradition to eat ''tteokguk' ...
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Tteokbokki (), or simmered rice cake, is a popular Korean food made from small-sized (long, white, cylinder-shaped rice cakes) called (; "rice cake noodles") or commonly (; " rice cakes"). * Eomuk (fish cakes), boiled eggs, and scallions are some commo ...
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Tteok-kkochi ''Tteok-kkochi'' (, "rice cakes skewer") is a popular South Korean street food consisting of skewered and fried tteok (rice cakes) brushed with spicy gochujang-based sauce. Etymology ''Tteok'' () means rice cakes, and ''kkochi ''Kkochi'' () is ...
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See also

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Nian gao ''Nian gao'' (年糕; also ''niangao''; ''nin4 gou1'' in Cantonese), sometimes translated as year cake or New Year cake or Chinese New Year's cake, is a food prepared from glutinous rice flour and consumed in Chinese cuisine. It is also simply ...
'', similar Chinese category *
Korean cuisine Korean cuisine has evolved through centuries of social and political change. Originating from ancient agricultural and nomadic traditions in Korea and southern Manchuria, Korean cuisine reflects a complex interaction of the natural envi ...
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List of Korean desserts This is a list of Korean desserts. Korean cuisine known today has evolved through centuries of social and political change. Originating from ancient agricultural and nomadic traditions in southern Manchuria and the Korean peninsula, Korean cuisi ...
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List of steamed foods This is a list of steamed foods and dishes that are typically or commonly prepared by the cooking method of steaming. Steamed foods * Ada – a food item from Kerala, usually made of rice flour with sweet filling inside. * Bánh – in Hanoi ...
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References

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External links


Information about ''Tteok''
from lifeinkorea.com
Information about Dano and Korean dessertsVideo about Tteok

General information, origin and recipe of ''Tteok''
from Tteok & Kitchen Utensil Museum
Information about and recipe for ''Tteok''
{{Glutinous rice dishes Korean cuisine Glutinous rice dishes Steamed foods