is a broadcasting and observation

tower A tower is a tall Nonbuilding structure, structure, taller than it is wide, often by a significant factor. Towers are distinguished from guyed mast, masts by their lack of guy-wires and are therefore, along with tall buildings, self-supporting ...

in Sumida,

Tokyo Tokyo (; ja, 東京, , ), officially the Tokyo Metropolis ( ja, 東京都, label=none, ), is the capital and largest city of Japan. Formerly known as Edo, its metropolitan area () is the most populous in the world, with an estimated 37.468 ...

. It became the tallest structure in Japan in 2010Tokyo Sky Tree beats Tokyo Tower, now tallest building in Japan
The Mainichi Daily News, 29 March 2010 and reached its full height of in March 2011, making it the tallest tower in the world, displacing the

Canton Tower The Canton Tower (), formally Guangzhou TV Astronomical and Sightseeing Tower (), is a -tall multipurpose observation tower in the Haizhu District of Guangzhou ( alternatively romanized as ''Canton''). The tower was topped out in 2009 and it ...

, and the third

tallest structure The tallest structure in the world is the Burj Khalifa skyscraper at . Listed are guyed masts (such as telecommunication masts), self-supporting towers (such as the CN Tower), skyscrapers (such as the Willis Tower), oil platforms, electricit ...

in the world after the

Merdeka 118 Merdeka 118, formerly known as Warisan Merdeka Tower and KL 118, is a 118-storey, 678.9-metre-tall megatall skyscraper in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It is the world's second-tallest structure, surpassing the Tokyo Skytree at and the world's sec ...

() and the

Burj Khalifa The Burj Khalifa (; ar, برج خليفة, , Khalifa Tower), known as the Burj Dubai prior to its inauguration in 2010, is a skyscraper in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It is known for being the world’s tallest building. With a total height ...

(829.8 m or 2,722 ft). It is also the tallest freestanding structure in the

OECD The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; french: Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques, ''OCDE'') is an intergovernmental organisation with 38 member countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate e ...

, the

G20 The G20 or Group of Twenty is an intergovernmental forum comprising 19 countries and the European Union (EU). It works to address major issues related to the global economy, such as international financial stability, climate change mitigatio ...

and G7 countries. The tower is the primary television and radio broadcast site for the

Kantō region The is a geographical area of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. In a common definition, the region includes the Greater Tokyo Area and encompasses seven prefectures: Gunma, Tochigi, Ibaraki, Saitama, Tokyo, Chiba and Kanagawa. Slight ...

; the older

Tokyo Tower is a communications and observation tower in the Shiba-koen district of Minato, Tokyo, Japan, built in 1958. At , it is the second- tallest structure in Japan. The structure is an Eiffel Tower-inspired lattice tower that is painted white and ...

no longer gives complete

digital terrestrial television Digital terrestrial television (DTTV or DTT, or DTTB with "broadcasting") is a technology for terrestrial television in which land-based (terrestrial) television stations broadcast television content by radio waves to televisions in consumers' ...

broadcasting coverage because it is surrounded by high-rise buildings. Skytree was completed on Leap Day, 29 February 2012, with the tower opening to the public on 22 May 2012. The tower is the centrepiece of a large commercial development funded by

Tobu Railway is a Japanese commuter railway and ''keiretsu'' holding company in the Greater Tokyo Area as well as an intercity and regional operator in the Kantō region. Excluding the Japan Railways Group companies, Tobu's rail system is the second longes ...

(which owns the complex) and a group of six terrestrial broadcasters headed by

NHK , also known as NHK, is a Japanese public broadcaster. NHK, which has always been known by this romanized initialism in Japanese, is a statutory corporation funded by viewers' payments of a television license fee. NHK operates two terrestr ...

. Trains stop at the adjacent

Tokyo Skytree Station is a railway station on the Tobu Skytree Line in Sumida, Tokyo, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Tobu Railway. It is adjacent to the Tokyo Skytree and Skytree Town redevelopment, and was formerly known as Narihirabashi Station. ...

and nearby

Oshiage Station is a railway station in Sumida, Tokyo, Japan, jointly operated by Tokyo Metro, Tobu Railway, Toei, and Keisei Electric Railway. It is adjacent to the Tokyo Skytree complex. Lines Oshiage Station is served by the following lines. It is the ...

. The complex is northeast of

Tokyo Station Tokyo Station ( ja, 東京駅, ) is a railway station in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. The original station is located in Chiyoda's Marunouchi business district near the Tokyo Imperial Palace, Imperial Palace grounds. The newer Eastern extension is ...

. In addition, there is the

Sumida Aquarium is a public aquarium located on the 5th and 6th floors of the Commercial complex "Tokyo Solamachi" in Tokyo Skytree of Sumida, Tokyo. Exhibits Sumida Aquarium was built in the Commercial complex "Tokyo Solamachi" in the Tokyo Skytree, and open ...

in the "Tokyo Solamachi" complex.

Design

The tower's design was published on 24 November 2006, based on the following three concepts: * Fusion of

neofuturistic Neo-futurism is a late-20th to early-21st-century movement in the arts, design, and architecture. Described as an avant-garde movement, as well as a futuristic rethinking of the thought behind aesthetics and functionality of design in growing ...

design and the traditional beauty of Japan * Catalyst for revitalization of the city * Contribution to disaster prevention – "Safety and Security" The base of the tower has a structure similar to a

tripod A tripod is a portable three-legged frame or stand, used as a platform for supporting the weight and maintaining the stability of some other object. The three-legged (triangular stance) design provides good stability against gravitational loads ...

; from a height of about and above, the tower's structure is cylindrical to offer panoramic views of the river and the city. There are observatories at , with a capacity of up to 2,000 people, and , with a capacity of 900 people. The upper observatory features a spiral, glass-covered skywalk in which visitors ascend the last 5 metres to the highest point at the upper platform. A section of glass flooring gives visitors a direct downward view of the streets below.

Earthquake resistance

The tower has seismic proofing, including a central shaft made of reinforced concrete. The main internal pillar is attached to the outer tower structure for the first 125 metres above ground. From there until 375 metres the pillar is attached to the tower frame with oil dampers, which act as cushions during an earthquake. Additional resilience is achieved through an "added mass control mechanism" (or

tuned mass damper A tuned mass damper (TMD), also known as a harmonic absorber or seismic damper, is a device mounted in structures to reduce mechanical vibrations, consisting of a mass mounted on one or more damped springs. Its oscillation frequency is tuned ...

) – a damping system which, in the event of an earthquake, moves out of step with the building's structure, to keep the centre of gravity as central as possible to the tower's base. According to the designers, the dampers can absorb 50 percent of the energy from an earthquake.

Colour

The exterior lattice is painted a colour officially called "Skytree White". This is an original colour based on a bluish-white traditional Japanese colour called .

Illumination

The illumination design was published on 16 October 2009. Two illumination patterns ''

Iki IKI may refer to: * Internationales Kulturinstitut in Vienna * Iodine potassium-iodide, a chemical compound * Russian Space Research Institute originally known as IKI RAN * Iki Airport, IATA code Iki or iki may refer to: * Iki Island, a Japanese ...

'' (chic, stylish) sky blue and ''

Miyabi ''Miyabi'' (雅) is one of the traditional Japanese aesthetic ideals, though not as prevalent as Iki or Wabi-sabi. In modern Japanese, the word is usually translated as "elegance," "refinement," or "courtliness" and sometimes to a "sweet loved ...

'' (elegance, refinement) purple will be used, alternating daily. The tower is illuminated using

LED A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor Electronics, device that Light#Light sources, emits light when Electric current, current flows through it. Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with electron holes, releasing energy i ...

Naming and height

From October to November 2007, suggestions were collected from the general public for the name to be given to the tower. On 19 March 2008, a committee chose six final candidate names: , , , , , . The official name was decided in a nationwide vote, and was announced on 10 June 2008 as "Tokyo Skytree". The name received around 33,000 votes (30%) out of 110,000 cast, with the second most popular name being "Tokyo Edo Tower". The height of was selected to be easily remembered. The figures 6 (mu), 3 (sa), 4 (shi) stand for " Musashi", an old name of the region where the Tokyo Skytree stands.

Broadcasting use

Tokyo Skytree is used as a radio/television broadcast and communications tower.

Television broadcasters

Radio broadcasters

Timeline

2008

* 14 July 2008: A ceremony was held at the site to mark the start of construction.

2009

* 6 April 2009: The

foundations Foundation may refer to: * Foundation (nonprofit), a type of charitable organization ** Foundation (United States law), a type of charitable organization in the U.S. ** Private foundation, a charitable organization that, while serving a good cause ...

for the three main legs were completed. * 7 August 2009: The tower reached a height of 100 m. * 16 October 2009: The projected height was increased from 610 m to 634 m to make it the highest self-supporting steel tower. Also, 6-3-4 is ''Mu-sa-shi'' in

Japanese wordplay Japanese wordplay relies on the nuances of the Japanese language and Japanese script for humorous effect. Double entendres have a rich history in Japanese entertainment (such as in kakekotoba) due to the language's large number of homographs ...

''goroawase''. * 10 November 2009: The tower reached a height of 200 m.

2010

* 16 February 2010: The tower reached a height of . * 29 March 2010: The tower reached a height of , becoming the tallest structure in Japan. * 24 April 2010: A 1:25 scale model of the Tokyo Sky Tree was unveiled at the

Tobu World Square is a theme park in Kinugawa Onsen, Nikkō, Tochigi, Japan. The theme park contains over a hundred 1:25 scale models of famous buildings, including UNESCO-designated World Cultural and Heritage Sites, complete with 140,000 1:25 miniature people. ...

theme park in Nikkō, Tochigi. * 30 July 2010: The tower topped 400 m, reaching a height of . * 11 September 2010: The tower reached 461 m, becoming the tallest structure ever built in Japan, surpassing the dismantled Tsushima Omega tower of 455 m. * 23 October 2010: The tower reached a height of , and assembly of the main tower section was completed. * 20 November 2010: Two

s with a total weight of 100 tons were temporarily placed on the tower tip at 497 m. * 1 December 2010: The tower topped the mark and reached a height of , beating

Taipei 101 Taipei 101 (; stylized as TAIPEI 101), formerly known as the Taipei World Financial Center, is a supertall skyscraper in Taipei, Taiwan. This building was officially classified as the world's tallest from its opening in 2004 until the 2009 ...

(). A lightning conductor and two tuned mass dampers were docked to the gain tower, which was gradually lifted within the central shaft. * 16 December 2010:

Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications The is a cabinet-level ministry in the Government of Japan. Its English name was Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications (MPHPT) prior to 2004. It is housed in the 2nd Building of the Central Common Government Of ...

approved

and five TV key stations in Tokyo's plans to install their broadcasting facilities on the tower. * 18 December 2010: The

transmitting In electronics and telecommunications, a radio transmitter or just transmitter is an electronic device which produces radio waves with an antenna. The transmitter itself generates a radio frequency alternating current, which is applied to th ...

antenna Antenna ( antennas or antennae) may refer to: Science and engineering * Antenna (radio), also known as an aerial, a transducer designed to transmit or receive electromagnetic (e.g., TV or radio) waves * Antennae Galaxies, the name of two collid ...

for digital terrestrial television began to be installed.

2011

* 1 March 2011: The tower topped the mark and reached a height of , surpassing

() and becoming the world's tallest tower. * 12 March 2011: The tower reached a height of . A full inspection was made, looking for possible damage by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and its

aftershock In seismology, an aftershock is a smaller earthquake that follows a larger earthquake, in the same area of the main shock, caused as the displaced crust adjusts to the effects of the main shock. Large earthquakes can have hundreds to thousand ...

s. * 18 March 2011: The tower reached its final height of at 1:34 pm JST. * 23 May 2011: Dismantling four

tower cranes A crane is a type of machine, generally equipped with a hoist rope, wire ropes or chains, and sheaves, that can be used both to lift and lower materials and to move them horizontally. It is mainly used for lifting heavy objects and transporti ...

continues until mid-July. * 7 June 2011: Announced public opening date of Tokyo Skytree Town and entrance fee (Adults: 2,000 yen to level; extra 1,000 yen to level) to observation floors. * 17 November 2011: Guinness World Records certified the Tokyo Skytree as the tallest free-standing tower.

2012

* 16 February 2012: The roofs of warehouses close to the tower were damaged by falling snow and ice from the tower. * 29 February 2012: Tower construction was finished. Completion was delayed two months from the original schedule because of a shortage of supplies due to the effects of the 2011 Japanese earthquake and tsunami. * 2 March 2012: A ceremony was held to celebrate the completion with a ''

kannushi A , also called , is a person responsible for the maintenance of a as well as for leading worship of a given .* ''Kannushi'' (in Japanese), Iwanami Japanese dictionary, 6th Edition (2008), DVD version The characters for are sometimes also re ...

'' priest and 70 people from Tobu Group, construction, broadcasting and other companies. * 6 March 2012: First Light-up during the Tokyo Hotaru Festival * 26 April 2012:

Emperor Akihito is a member of the Imperial House of Japan who reigned as the 125th emperor of Japan from 7 January 1989 until his abdication on 30 April 2019. He presided over the Heisei era, ''Heisei'' being an expression of achieving peace worldwide. Bo ...

and

Empress Michiko is a member of the Imperial House of Japan who served as the Empress consort of Japan as the wife of Akihito, the 125th Emperor of Japan reigning from 7 January 1989 to 30 April 2019. Michiko married Crown Prince Akihito and became the Crow ...

of Japan inspected the Tokyo Skytree Tembo Galleria. * 22 May 2012: Public opening * 1 October 2012: Channel 9

Tokyo MX JOMX-DTV, branded as Tokyo MX (officially stylized as TOKYO MX), is an independent television station in Tokyo, Japan, owned by the . It is the only television station that exclusively serves the city. It competes with Nippon TV, TV Asahi, NH ...

start transmission from Tokyo Skytree with continuing transmission from

simulcast Simulcast (a portmanteau of simultaneous broadcast) is the broadcasting of programmes/programs or events across more than one resolution, bitrate or medium, or more than one service on the same medium, at exactly the same time (that is, simultane ...

manner.

2013

* 16 January 2013: Snow falling from the tower knocked a hole in the roof of a nearby house. No one was reported injured. * 13 May 2013:

continued transmission from Tokyo Skytree and stopped transmission from Tokyo Tower with a gradual decrease in power since 12 November 2012. * 31 May 2013: On 9:00 a.m., formal transmission of broadcast in channel 1 to 8, except 3, start from Tokyo Skytree after number of test transmission with off for minutes to hours from

since 22 December 2012.

2022

* 22 May 2022: the 10th anniversary of the opening of Tokyo Skytree was celebrated with

Kabuki is a classical form of Japanese dance-drama. Kabuki theatre is known for its heavily-stylised performances, the often-glamorous costumes worn by performers, and for the elaborate make-up worn by some of its performers. Kabuki is thought to ...

by Ichikawa Ebizo XI who performed a signature technique called the "nirami" glare on a special stage atop of the tower.

Opening

As the Skytree's opening approached, people reportedly waited in line for a week to get tickets. By the opening, trips up the tower were fully booked for the first two months of operation. The opening day drew a crowd of tens of thousands, despite rainy conditions which blocked the view from the tower's

observation deck An observation deck, observation platform, or viewing platform is an elevated sightseeing platform usually situated upon a tall architectural structure, such as a skyscraper or observation tower. Observation decks are sometimes enclos ...

. Strong winds also forced two elevators to be shut down, leaving some visitors briefly stranded on the observation deck. According to Tobu, 1.6 million people visited Skytree in its first week. Local residents reported that the influx of visitors disturbed the peace of their community and had, so far, generated little economic benefit for the local area.Aoki, Mizuho,
Skytree a mixed blessing for locals
", ''

Japan Times ''The Japan Times'' is Japan's largest and oldest English-language daily newspaper. It is published by , a subsidiary of News2u Holdings, Inc.. It is headquartered in the in Kioicho, Chiyoda, Tokyo. History ''The Japan Times'' was launched by ...

'', 22 June 2012, p. 3

Gallery

References

Notes Sources
Skyscrapernews article on New Tokyo Tower

Profile on Phorio

Project profile at Emporis

External links

*
Tokyo Skytree live camera
{{Authority control 2012 establishments in Japan Aquaria in Japan Buildings and structures in Sumida, Tokyo Communication towers in Japan Lattice towers Neo-futurism architecture Observation towers in Japan Radio masts and towers Restaurant towers Restaurants in Tokyo Skyscrapers in Tokyo Tobu Railway Tourist attractions in Tokyo Towers completed in 2012