Theodor Hertzka, or Hertzka Tivadar (July 13, 1845,
Budapest
Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...
– October 22, 1924,
Wiesbaden
Wiesbaden () is a city in central western Germany and the capital of the state of Hesse. , it had 290,955 inhabitants, plus approximately 21,000 United States citizens (mostly associated with the United States Army). The Wiesbaden urban area ...
) was a
Jewish
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...
-
Hungarian-
Austrian
Austrian may refer to:
* Austrians, someone from Austria or of Austrian descent
** Someone who is considered an Austrian citizen, see Austrian nationality law
* Austrian German dialect
* Something associated with the country Austria, for example: ...
economist
An economist is a professional and practitioner in the social sciences, social science discipline of economics.
The individual may also study, develop, and apply theories and concepts from economics and write about economic policy. Within this ...
and
journalist
A journalist is an individual that collects/gathers information in form of text, audio, or pictures, processes them into a news-worthy form, and disseminates it to the public. The act or process mainly done by the journalist is called journalism ...
.
Life
He studied at the universities of
Vienna
en, Viennese
, iso_code = AT-9
, registration_plate = W
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code =
, timezone = CET
, utc_offset = +1
, timezone_DST ...
and
Budapest
Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population ...
, and in 1872 became a member of the editorial staff of the ''
Neue Freie Presse
''Neue Freie Presse'' ("New Free Press") was a Viennese newspaper founded by Adolf Werthner together with the journalists Max Friedländer and Michael Etienne on 1 September 1864 after the staff had split from the newspaper ''Die Presse''. It ex ...
'' of Vienna. In 1879 he founded the newspaper ''
Wiener Allgemeine Zeitung
Wiener (from German: "Viennese") may refer to:
Food
* A Polish sausage (kielbasa) or "wenar"
* A Vienna sausage of German origin, named after the capital of Austria
* A hot dog, a cooked sausage, traditionally grilled or steamed and served in a ...
'', which he edited until 1886. He was a friend of
Johannes Brahms
Johannes Brahms (; 7 May 1833 – 3 April 1897) was a German composer, pianist, and conductor of the mid- Romantic period. Born in Hamburg into a Lutheran family, he spent much of his professional life in Vienna. He is sometimes grouped wit ...
.
Hertzka has been called the "Austrian
Bellamy", because his novel ''Freiland, ein soziales Zukunftsbild''
''Freeland: A Social Anticipation''
London: Chatto & Windus, 1891. had a similar theme to that of Edward Bellamy's novel ''Looking Backward
''Looking Backward: 2000–1887'' is a utopian science fiction novel by Edward Bellamy, a journalist and writer from Chicopee Falls, Massachusetts; it was first published in 1888.
The book was translated into several languages, and in short or ...
''.
Though Hertzka was not a Zionist and his utopian vision was directed at human beings in general, Theodor Herzl acknowledged the influence of Hertzka on his own ideas in the opening chapter of his book Der Judenstaat
''Der Judenstaat'' (German, literally ''The State of the Jews'', commonly rendered as ''The Jewish State'') is a pamphlet written by Theodor Herzl and published in February 1896 in Leipzig and Vienna by M. Breitenstein's Verlags-Buchhandlung. It ...
, envisioning the creation of a Jewish state.
Bibliography
Other works by Hertzka are:
* ''Die Mängel des österreichischen Aktiengesetzentwurfs,'' Vienna, 1875;
* ''Das Wesen des Geldes,'' Leipzig, 1887
(in which he recommended the introduction of the gold standard in Austria);
* ''Die Gesetze der Handelspolitik,'' ib. 1880;
* ''Das Personenporto: Ein Vorschlag zur Durchführung eines billigen Einheitstarifs im Personenverkehr der Eisenbahnen,'' Vienna, 1885;
* ''Die Gesetze der sozialen Entwickelung,'' Leipzig, 1886;
* ''Freiland – ein soziales Zukunftsbild'' Leipzig, 1890;
* ''Wechselkurs und Agio,'' Vienna, 1894
References
*
Further reading
* Ransom, Arthur (1891)
"A Competitive Utopia,"
''The Gentleman's Magazine,'' Vol. CCLXXI, pp. 44–49.
External links
* Ulrich E Bach, “Seeking Emptiness: Theodor Hertzka’s Colonial Utopia Freiland (1890)
In: Utopian Studies 22.1 (2011): 74-90.
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hertzka, Theodor
1845 births
1924 deaths
Freiwirtschaft
Austrian journalists
Hungarian journalists
Hungarian Jews