The Scientific and Technological Research Institution of Turkey ( tr, Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTAK) is a national agency of

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

whose stated goal is to develop "science, technology and innovation" (STI) policies, support and conduct research and development, and to "play a leading role in the creation of a science and technology culture" in the country. TÜBİTAK develops scientific and technological policies and manages R&D institutes, carrying on research, technology and development studies in line with "national priorities". TÜBİTAK also acts as an advisory agency to the Turkish government and acts as the secretariat of the Supreme Council for Science and Technology, the highest science and technology policymaking body in Turkey.

History

TÜBİTAK was established by President

Cemal Gürsel Cemal Gürsel (; 13 October 1895 – 14 September 1966) was a Turkish army general who became the List of Presidents of Turkey, fourth President of Turkey after a coup. Early life He was born in the city of Erzurum as the son of an Ottoman A ...

, who first formed a scientific council to guide the

Ministry of Defense {{unsourced, date=February 2021 A ministry of defence or defense (see spelling differences), also known as a department of defence or defense, is an often-used name for the part of a government responsible for matters of defence, found in state ...

(in parallel to a separate scientific law council to write the new constitution of the Turkish Republic) in 1960 and later ordered the foundation of the broader Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey as the extended continuation of his MoD Scientific Council with the primary advisory duty of providing guidance to the government's plans and policies. Subsequently, the bill "278" passed on July 24, 1963, in the new era of

planned economy A planned economy is a type of economic system where investment, production and the allocation of capital goods takes place according to economy-wide economic plans and production plans. A planned economy may use centralized, decentralized, part ...

subsequent to the first five-year development plan of the country, set the official record for the Council's presence and duties.

Cahit Arf Cahit Arf (; 24 October 1910 – 26 December 1997) was a Turkish mathematician. He is known for the Arf invariant of a quadratic form in characteristic 2 (applied in knot theory and surgery theory) in topology, the Hasse–Arf theorem ...

, who was appointed by Gursel as the founding director and whose leading foundation work was assisted by a group of scientists including Prof.

Erdal İnönü Erdal İnönü (6 June 1926 – 31 October 2007) was a Turkish theoretical physicist and politician, who served as the interim Prime Minister of Turkey between 16 May and 25 June 1993. He also served as the Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey from ...

, was subsequently named as the first chairman of the Council on December 26, 1963. The Council's first ten members were professors

, Ratip Berker, Hikmet Binark, Mecit Çağatay, Reşat Garan,

Feza Gürsey Feza Gürsey (; April 7, 1921 – April 13, 1992) was a Turkish mathematician and physicist. Among his most prominent contributions to theoretical physics, his works on the Chiral model and on SU(6) are most popular. Early life Feza Gürse ...

, Orhan Işık,

Mustafa İnan Mustafa İnan (1911 in Adana – 1967 in Freiburg) was a Turkish civil engineering academic. Life He was born in Adana. His mother was Rabia and father was Hüseyin Avni. At the end of the First World War Adana was occupied by the French force ...

, Atıf Şengün and İhsan Topaloğlu. They nominated Professor Nimet Özdaş as the first secretary general of TÜBİTAK effective March 1, 1964. At that time of its establishment, TÜBİTAK's primary tasks at the time were supporting basic and applied academic research and encouraging careers in science by providing incentives to young researchers, in particular to those working in natural sciences. To carry out these tasks, four research grant committees were set up to fund projects in the areas of basic sciences, engineering, medicine, agriculture and animal husbandry. The number now stands at ten and also includes one assigned to social sciences and humanities, all functioning under the Research Support Programmes Department. A separate “Scientist Training Group”, also set up at the time to orient promising students towards scientific careers and help their advancement thereafter, has now evolved into the present Science Fellowships and Grant Programmes Division.

Activities

TÜBİTAK is responsible for the development and coordination of scientific research in line with the national targets and priorities, set by the

Turkish Academy of Sciences The Turkish Academy of Sciences ( tr, Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi – TÜBA) is an autonomous scholarly association aimed at promoting scientific activities in Turkey. Although it is attached to the office of the Prime Minister and is largely fund ...

(TÜBA). More than 2,500 researchers work at the 15 different research institutes and research centers attached to TÜBİTAK, where both contract-based and targeted nationwide research is conducted. TÜBİTAK represents Turkey in international research efforts including memberships in

European Science Foundation The European Science Foundation (ESF) is an association of 11 member organizations devoted to scientific research in 8 European countries. ESF is an independent, non-governmental, non-profit organisation that promotes the highest quality science ...

and the

European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of about 447million. The EU has often been des ...

Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development The Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development, also called Framework Programmes or abbreviated FP1 to FP9, are funding programmes created by the European Union/European Commission to support and foster research in the Europe ...

. Following research centers and institutes are subordinate to TÜBİTAK: * Marmara Research Center (MAM) ** Energy Institute ** Food Institute ** Chemical Technology Institute ** Environment and Cleaner Production Institute ** Materials Institute ** Earth and Marine Sciences Institute ** Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute * Center of Research for Advanced Technologies of Informatics and Information Security (BILGEM) ** Advanced Technologies Research Institute ** National Research Institute of Electronics and Cryptology ** Information Technologies Institute ** Research Institute of Fundamental Sciences ** Research Institute for Software Development ** Cyber Security Institute *

Defense Industries Research and Development Institute Defense or defence may refer to: Tactical, martial, and political acts or groups * Defense (military), forces primarily intended for warfare * Civil defense, the organizing of civilians to deal with emergencies or enemy attacks * Defense industr ...

(SAGE) * Space Technologies Research Institute (UZAY) * National Metrology Institute (UME) * Turkish Institute of Management Sciences (TUSSIDE) * Technology Free Zone and Technopark * National Academic Network and Information Center (ULAKBİM) * Bursa Test and Analysis Laboratory (BUTAL) * National Observatory (TUG) * Rail Transport Technologies Institute (RUTE)

Awards

TÜBİTAK gives following awards: * ''Science Award'' to living scientists for significant contributions to the advancement of universal science ( :Recipients of TÜBİTAK Science Award) * ''Service Award'' to those, who have significantly served the development of science and technology ( :Recipients of TÜBİTAK Service Award) * ''Incentive Award'' to living scientists under the age of 40 and who have proved to have the necessary qualifications to contribute to science in the future at an international level, * ''Special Award'' to Turkish scientists living abroad (equivalent to the TÜBITAK Science Award).

Products and projects

* MILCEP *

RASAT RASAT was an earth observation satellite designed and developed by TÜBİTAK Space Technologies Research Institute (TÜBİTAK UZAY) and produced in Turkey to provide high resolution imagery. It was the first remote sensing satellite fully realize ...

* BALISTIKA * AKIS - Smart ID * HGK - Guidance Kit * TUBITAK-SAGE SARB-83 - Penetration bomb * TUBITAK-SAGE TOGAN - Air-to-surface launched

81 mm mortar An 81 mm mortar is a medium-weight mortar. It is a smooth-bore, muzzle-loading, high-angle-of-fire weapon used for long-range indirect fire support to light infantry, air assault, and airborne units across the entire front of a battalion zone of ...

munition * TUBITAK-SAGE BOZOK - Laser-guided UAV bomb * TUBITAK-SAGE KUZGUN Modular joint ammunition *

Landmine Detection by 3D A land mine is an explosive device concealed under or on the ground and designed to destroy or disable enemy targets, ranging from combatants to vehicles and tanks, as they pass over or near it. Such a device is typically detonated automatic ...

* Pardus *

Seeker Head Seeker may refer to: People * Seekers, a 17th-century religious group, forerunner of the Quakers * Seeker (Anabaptism), a person perceived by Anabaptists like the Amish and by Quakers as likely to become an adherent * Seeker, a person seeking in ...

*ETMTS-2 - Hand-Held Mine Detection System *ETMTS-3 (ALPER) - Hand-Held Mine Detection System *OZAN - Foldable Metal Mine Detector *

SOM (missile) The SOM ( tr, ) is a next-generation autonomous, stealth, high precision cruise missile developed by TÜBİTAK SAGE, Defence Research and Development Institute of Turkey. It was first revealed during the 100th anniversary celebrations of the Tu ...

HGK (bomb) The HGK guidance kit (HGK, tr, Hassas Güdüm Kiti / Precision Guidance Kit), developed by TÜBİTAK-SAGE, is a GPS/INS guidance kit that converts bombs range from 227 kg (500 pounds) to 907 kg (2000-lb) Mark 80-series munitions i ...

*KGK smart wing adapter kit *

TOROS artillery rocket system TOROS artillery rocket system ( tr, Topçu Roket Sistemi; , lit. " Gunner") is a Turkish rocket artillery multiple rocket launcher system that has been developed in both 230 and 260 mm calibre. The system was developed by TÜBİTAK-SAGE, an ...

*Thermal battery *NEB bunker buster * GÖKTUĞ

References

External links