Třešť (; ) is a town in

Jihlava District Jihlava District () is a district in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. Its capital is the city of Jihlava. Administrative division Jihlava District is divided into two administrative districts of municipalities with extended competence ...

in the

Vysočina Region The Vysočina Region (; ) is an administrative unit () of the Czech Republic. Its capital is Jihlava. The region is located in the central part of the country. It is one of just three in the country (the others being Prague and the Central Boh ...

of the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south ...

. It has about 5,800 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Administrative division

Třešť consists of four municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Třešť (5,058) *Buková (91) *Čenkov (129) *Salavice (173)

Geography

Třešť is located about southwest of

Jihlava Jihlava (; ) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 55,000 inhabitants. Jihlava is the capital of the Vysočina Region, situated on the Jihlava (river), Jihlava River on the historical border between Moravia and Bohemia. Historically, Jihla ...

. It lies in the

Křižanov Highlands The Křižanov Highlands (, ) is a highland and a geomorphological mesoregion of the Czech Republic. It is located mostly in the Vysočina Region. Geomorphology The Křižanov Highlands is a mesoregion of the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands within ...

. The highest point is the Špičák hill at above sea level. The summit of Špičák with its surroundings is protected as the Velký Špičák National Nature Reserve with an area of . The stream Třešťský potok flows through the town. The municipal territory is rich in fishponds.

History

The first written mention is from 1349, when the Church of Saint Martin was documented. Třešť was originally a small parish village on the crossroads of two trade routes. Since its establishment, the Jewish community has been in Třešť. Třešť was known for crafts and in the 19th century for its industry. The production of furniture and matches was established and textile and engineering industry flourished. The industrial boom was the work of Jewish entrepreneurs. The Jewish community declined in the first half of the 20th century, and disappeared as a result of

the Holocaust The Holocaust (), known in Hebrew language, Hebrew as the (), was the genocide of History of the Jews in Europe, European Jews during World War II. From 1941 to 1945, Nazi Germany and Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy ...

. Until 1901, Třešť was the largest

market town A market town is a settlement most common in Europe that obtained by custom or royal charter, in the Middle Ages, a market right, which allowed it to host a regular market; this distinguished it from a village or city. In Britain, small rura ...

Moravia Moravia ( ; ) is a historical region in the eastern Czech Republic, roughly encompassing its territory within the Danube River's drainage basin. It is one of three historical Czech lands, with Bohemia and Czech Silesia. The medieval and early ...

. In 1901, it was promoted to a town.

Demographics

Economy

Since 1931, the textile company Vývoj has been operating in the town. Uniforms for the

papal The pope is the bishop of Rome and the visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church. He is also known as the supreme pontiff, Roman pontiff, or sovereign pontiff. From the 8th century until 1870, the pope was the sovereign or head of sta ...

Swiss Guard The Pontifical Swiss Guard,; ; ; ; , %5BCorps of the Pontifical Swiss Guard%5D. ''vatican.va'' (in Italian). Retrieved 19 July 2022. also known as the Papal Swiss Guard or simply Swiss Guard,Swiss Guards , History, Vatican, Uniform, Require ...

are made by this company.

Transport

Třešť lies on the railway line

Havlíčkův Brod Havlíčkův Brod (, until 1945 Německý Brod; ) is a town in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 24,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban mon ...

–

Slavonice Slavonice (; ) is a town in Jindřichův Hradec District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,200 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation. Administrat ...

. The town is served by two train stations, ''Třešť'' and ''Třešť-město''.

Sights

The Church of Saint Martin was founded in the 13th century and is the oldest monument in the town. Its current appearance is a result of Baroque reconstructions. The Church of Saint Catherine of Siena was founded in the 16th century as a Lutheran church. After it was damaged by fire, it was renewed in 1842. Třešť Castle was created by reconstruction of a fortress from 1513. It has a large English style park. Nowadays it serves as a hotel. The Jewish community is commemorated by the

Empire An empire is a political unit made up of several territories, military outpost (military), outposts, and peoples, "usually created by conquest, and divided between a hegemony, dominant center and subordinate peripheries". The center of the ...

building of the former synagogue from 1824, by the Jewish cemetery founded in the early 18th century, and by the Monument to the Jewish Victims.

Notable people

Josef Jiří Švec Josef Jiří Švec (19 July 1883 – 25 October 1918) was a Czech military officer, member of and later of the Czechoslovak Legion in Russian Empire, Russia; he had formerly been a teacher. He committed suicide after the men under his command re ...

(1883–1918), military officer *

Joseph Schumpeter Joseph Alois Schumpeter (; February 8, 1883 – January 8, 1950) was an Austrian political economist. He served briefly as Finance Minister of Austria in 1919. In 1932, he emigrated to the United States to become a professor at Harvard Unive ...

(1883–1950), Austrian political economist *

Jaroslav Rošický Jaroslav Rošický (19 September 1884, Třešť – 25 June 1942, Prague) was a Czech army officer. As a soldier he participated in World War I, fighting in the Austrian army in Russia and Italy. He was injured in 1917 and returned to Brno, later ...

(1884–1942), military officer *

Otto Šimánek Otto Šimánek (28 April 1925 – 8 May 1992) was a Czechoslovak actor. Šimánek worked at the Prague City Theater. He also taught mime at the Prague Conservatory. He became internationally known through the role of the silent wizard Pan Ta ...

(1925–1992), actor

Twin towns – sister cities

Třešť is twinned with: *

Obergünzburg Obergünzburg ( Swabian: ''Obergenzburg'') is a municipality in the district of Ostallgäu in Bavaria in Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the N ...

, Germany Třešť also has friendly relations with

Raabs an der Thaya Raabs an der Thaya is a municipality with 3,114 inhabitants in Waidhofen an der Thaya (district) in the Waldviertel of Lower Austria, near the Austrian border with the Czech Republic. About 27.6 percent of the municipality is forested. The German ...

in Austria.

References

External links

*
Třešť
in the ''

Jewish Encyclopedia ''The Jewish Encyclopedia: A Descriptive Record of the History, Religion, Literature, and Customs of the Jewish People from the Earliest Times to the Present Day'' is an English-language encyclopedia containing over 15,000 articles on the ...

'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Trest Cities and towns in the Czech Republic Populated places in Jihlava District