Tōon, Ehime
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270px, Aerial view of Tōon city center is a
city A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agree ...
located in
Ehime Prefecture is a Prefectures of Japan, prefecture of Japan located on the island of Shikoku. Ehime Prefecture has a population of 1,334,841 and a geographic area of 5,676 km2 (2,191 sq mi). Ehime Prefecture borders Kagawa Prefecture to the northeast, Toku ...
,
Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...
. , the city had an estimated
population Population is a set of humans or other organisms in a given region or area. Governments conduct a census to quantify the resident population size within a given jurisdiction. The term is also applied to non-human animals, microorganisms, and pl ...
of 33,276 in 15571 households and a
population density Population density (in agriculture: Standing stock (disambiguation), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geog ...
of 160 persons per km2. The total area of the city is . The city name may be romanized as 'Toon', 'Tôon', 'Tōon' or 'Tohon'.


Geography

Tōon is located in central Ehime Prefecture on the island of
Shikoku is the smallest of the List of islands of Japan#Main islands, four main islands of Japan. It is long and between at its widest. It has a population of 3.8 million, the least populated of Japan's four main islands. It is south of Honshu ...
. It is the only city in Ehime Prefecture that does not face the sea. Located at the top of the alluvial fan of Dogo Plain, Toon is bordered on the east by Matsuyama, and with Saijō through a pass called Sakurasanri, with Kumakōgen to the south, and Imabari to the north. The Shigenobu River and its tributaries flow through the city, forming a small alluvial fan.


Neighbouring municipalities

Ehime Prefecture * Imabari * Kumakōgen *
Matsuyama 270px, Matsuyama City Hall 270px, Ehime Prefectural Capital Building is the capital city of Ehime Prefecture, on the island of Shikoku, in Japan and is also Shikoku's largest city. , the city had an estimated population of 505,948 in 243,541 h ...
* Saijō


Climate

Tōon has a
humid subtropical climate A humid subtropical climate is a subtropical -temperate climate type, characterized by long and hot summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between ...
(Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light snowfall. The average annual temperature in Tōon is 13.9 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1770 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in January, at around 25.0 °C, and lowest in January, at around 2.8 °C.


Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Tōon grew slowly throughout the late 20th century and has plateaued in recent decades.


History

The area of Tōon was part of ancient
Iyo Province was a Provinces of Japan, province of Japan in the area of northwestern Shikoku.Louis-Frédéric, Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Tosa''" in . Iyo bordered on Sanuki Province to the northeast, Awa Province (Tokushima), Awa to the east ...
. During the
Edo Period The , also known as the , is the period between 1600 or 1603 and 1868 in the history of Japan, when the country was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and some 300 regional ''daimyo'', or feudal lords. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengok ...
, the area was part of the holdings of Matsuyama Domain. Following the
Meiji restoration The , referred to at the time as the , and also known as the Meiji Renovation, Revolution, Regeneration, Reform, or Renewal, was a political event that restored Imperial House of Japan, imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. Althoug ...
, the area was organized into villages within
Onsen District, Ehime was a district located in Ehime Prefecture, Japan. The district had an estimated population of 40,690 and the total area was 248.73 km2 (combined calculations of the former towns of Shigenobu, Kawachi, and Nakajima). History This district w ...
. The village of Kawauchi was created by the merger of the villages of Kawakami (川上村) and Miuchi (三内村) on April 25, 1955 and raised to town status on September 1, 1956. The town of Shigenobu was created on September 1, 1956 by the merger of the villages of Kitayoshii (北吉井村), Minamiyoshii (南吉井村) and Haishi (拝志村). The city of Tōon was established on September 21, 2004, from the merger of the towns of Kawauchi and Shigenobu.


Government

Tōon has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a
unicameral Unicameralism (from ''uni''- "one" + Latin ''camera'' "chamber") is a type of legislature consisting of one house or assembly that legislates and votes as one. Unicameralism has become an increasingly common type of legislature, making up nearly ...
city council of 16 members. Tōon contributes one member to the Ehime Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, Tōon is part of Ehime 3rd district of the
lower house A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where the other chamber is the upper house. Although styled as "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power or otherwise e ...
of the
Diet of Japan , transcription_name = ''Kokkai'' , legislature = 215th Session of the National Diet , coa_pic = Flag of Japan.svg , house_type = Bicameral , houses = , foundation=29 November 1890(), leader1_type ...
. Prior to 2022, the city was part of Ehime 2nd district.


Economy

Tōon has a mixed economy centered on agriculture and light manufacturing. It is also one of the leading production areas of hulless barley in Japan, and other important crops include paddy rice, wheat, vegetables, flowers, and mandarin oranges. Industry includes electrical machinery, production machinery and food processing. Tōon has head office and production base of PHC, a subsidiary of PHC Holdings (formerly Matsushita Kotobuki Electronics Co., Ltd.), which is located in Minamigata district, where blood sugar level measurement sensors and other products are manufactured. The city has Ehime University Hospital, national Ehime Medical Center, and (private) Ehime Jūzen Medical Technology School with its attached hospital, among other medical offices, which, along with national Shikoku Cancer Center located close to the city, attracts many healthcare professionals and students. Due to its well-developed transportation network, industry is expanding, and the city is increasingly becoming a
commuter town A commuter town is a populated area that is primarily residential rather than commercial or industrial. Routine travel from home to work and back is called commuting, which is where the term comes from. A commuter town may be called by many o ...
for neighboring Matsuyama.


Education

Tōon has seven public elementary schools and two public middle schools operated by the city government, and one public high school operated by the Ehime Prefectural Board of Education. The prefecture also operates two special education schools for the handicapped. The medical school of
Ehime University is a List of national universities in Japan, Japanese national university in Matsuyama, Ehime Prefecture, Japan. The university has one of the largest student populations in the Shikoku, Shikoku region. After Japan's defeat in World War II, Ai ...
is located in Tōon.


Transportation


Railways

55px Iyotetsu - Yokogawara Line * - - - - -


Highways

*
Matsuyama Expressway The is a national expressway in Ehime Prefecture, Japan. The expressway is numbered E11 between Kawanoe Junction and Matsuyama Interchange and E56 between Matsuyama and Uwajima-Kita Interchanges under the MLIT's "2016 Proposal for Realization o ...
* *


References


External links

*
Tōon City official website
{{DEFAULTSORT:Toon, Ehime Cities in Ehime Prefecture Tōon, Ehime