Târgu Secuiesc (; , ; ; ) is a
city
A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agree ...
in
Covasna County
Covasna County (, , ) is a county (județ) of Romania, in eastern Transylvania, with the county seat at Sfântu Gheorghe.
Demographics
In 2011, it had a population of 210,177, making it the second least populous of Romania's 41 counties and the ...
,
Transylvania
Transylvania ( or ; ; or ; Transylvanian Saxon dialect, Transylvanian Saxon: ''Siweberjen'') is a List of historical regions of Central Europe, historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and ...
,
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to ...
. It administers one village, Lunga (''Nyújtód'').
History
The town was first mentioned in 1407 as ''Torjawasara'', meaning in Hungarian “Torja Market”. (
Torja is the name of a stream nearby and is also the Hungarian name of the nearby village
Turia.) Originally, the Hungarian name Kézdivásárhely was also used in Romanian in the form Chezdi-Oșorheiu, but this was altered to Tîrgu Secuiesc (now spelled Târgu Secuiesc) after the accession to
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to ...
in 1920 under the
Treaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon (; ; ; ), often referred to in Hungary as the Peace Dictate of Trianon or Dictate of Trianon, was prepared at the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace Conference. It was signed on the one side by Hungary ...
. The Hungarian native name means “Kézdi Market”, Kézdi being the name of a
Székely “seat”, a historical administrative unit. Its status as a market town dates back to the Middle Ages. The city was taken over by Hungary during World War II, following the
Second Vienna Award
The Second Vienna Award was the second of two territorial disputes that were arbitrated by Nazi Germany and the Kingdom of Italy. On 30 August 1940, they assigned the territory of Northern Transylvania, including all of Maramureș and part of Cri ...
of August, 1940. A small Jewish community was set up in the 1880s; it numbered 66 in 1920. In May 1944, the Hungarian authorities sent its members to the
Sfântu Gheorghe ghetto, and deported them to the
Auschwitz concentration camp
Auschwitz, or Oświęcim, was a complex of over 40 Nazi concentration camps, concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany, occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) d ...
the following month.
[Shmuel Spector, Geoffrey Wigoder (eds.), ''The Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and During the Holocaust: Seredina-Buda—Z'', p. 1290. ]New York University Press
New York University Press (or NYU Press) is a university press that is part of New York University
New York University (NYU) is a private university, private research university in New York City, New York, United States. Chartered in 1831 ...
, 2001, Sovereignty was restored to Romania following the war.
Demographics
At the
2021 census, Târgu Secuiesc had a population of 16,243; of those, 84,78% were
Székely Hungarians
Hungarians, also known as Magyars, are an Ethnicity, ethnic group native to Hungary (), who share a common Culture of Hungary, culture, Hungarian language, language and History of Hungary, history. They also have a notable presence in former pa ...
and 6.02%
Romanians
Romanians (, ; dated Endonym and exonym, exonym ''Vlachs'') are a Romance languages, Romance-speaking ethnic group and nation native to Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. Sharing a Culture of Romania, ...
.
At the
census from 2011, the city had 18,491 residents, of whom 91.1% were Székely Hungarians, 7.2% Romanians, and 1.6%
Roma.
Tab8. Populația stabilă după etnie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune
2011 census results, Institutul Național de Statistică
The National Institute of Statistics (, INS) is a Romanian government agency which is responsible for collecting national statistics, in fields such as geography, the economy, demographics and society. The institute is also responsible for conduct ...
, accessed 17 February 2020. The historical demographic evolution is as follows:
''Demographic change according to census data:''
Colors=
id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9)
id:darkgrey value:gray(0.7)
id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1)
id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8)
ImageSize = width:360 height:260
PlotArea = left:50 bottom:50 top:30 right:30
DateFormat = x.y
Period = from:0 till:25000
TimeAxis = orientation:vertical
AlignBars = justify
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:5000 start:0
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:1000 start:0
BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo
BarData=
bar:1912 text:1912
bar:1930 text:1930
bar:1948 text:1948
bar:1956 text:1956
bar:1966 text:1966
bar:1977 text:1977
bar:1992 text:1992
bar:2002 text:2002
bar:2011 text:2011
bar:2021 text:2021
PlotData=
color:barra width:20 align:left
bar:1912 from:0 till: 6079
bar:1930 from:0 till: 5107
bar:1948 from:0 till: 5424
bar:1956 from:0 till: 7500
bar:1966 from:0 till: 9502
bar:1977 from:0 till: 16320
bar:1992 from:0 till: 22912
bar:2002 from:0 till: 20488
bar:2011 from:0 till: 18491
bar:2021 from:0 till: 16243
PlotData=
bar:1912 at: 6079 fontsize:S text: 6,079 shift:(-7,5)
bar:1930 at: 5107 fontsize:S text: 5,107 shift:(-11,5)
bar:1948 at: 5424 fontsize:S text: 5,424 shift:(-13,5)
bar:1956 at: 7500 fontsize:S text: 7,500 shift:(-13,5)
bar:1966 at: 9502 fontsize:S text: 9,502 shift:(-13,5)
bar:1977 at: 16320 fontsize:S text: 16,320 shift:(-15,5)
bar:1992 at: 22912 fontsize:S text: 22,912 shift:(-15,5)
bar:2002 at: 20488 fontsize:S text: 20,488 shift:(-15,5)
bar:2011 at: 18491 fontsize:S text: 18,491 shift:(-15,5)
bar:2021 at: 16243 fontsize:S text: 16,243 shift:(-15,5)
TextData=
fontsize:S pos:(20,20)
text:Census data. Graphics made by Wikipedia.
Natives
* János Balogh
* Andrei Cadar
* André de Dienes
* Róbert Elek
* Tiberiu Ghioane
* Kató Havas
* Gergely Kovács
* Béla Markó
* Roland Niczuly
Roland Csaba Niczuly (born 21 September 1995) is a Romanian professional Association football, footballer who plays as a Goalkeeper (association football), goalkeeper for Liga I club Sepsi OSK Sfântu Gheorghe, Sepsi OSK.
Career
A youth product ...
* Ioan Robu
* Árpád Szántó
* Nándor Tamás
* Gábor Vajna
Education
Despite its relatively small size the town has a few notable high schools: Nagy Mózes, Bod Péter, Apor Péter and Gábor Áron, all bearing the names of important Székely historical personalities. Because of this, Târgu Secuiesc is considered the educational center of the north eastern part of the county.
Gallery
Image:Kezdi centre1.JPG, City center
Image:Kezdi centre2.JPG, City center
Image:Kezdi centre8.jpg, Cultural Center
File:Children inside Sala Polivalenta Sportsarnok.jpg, Children inside Sala Polivalenta Sporting Hall
File:Autonomy of Székely Land - Day of Székely Freedom 2013.03.10 (18).JPG, Székely Freedom Day celebration
References
External links
Official site
Kézdivásárhely Centrum City Map
Official site of the Kézdivásárhely Sportclub (KSE)
Nagy Mózes High School
Gábor Aron High School
{{DEFAULTSORT:Targu Secuiesc
Populated places in Covasna County
Cities in Romania
Localities in Transylvania