Tudḫaliya is the name of several
Hittite kings or royals. It is not clear how many kings bore that name, and numbering schemes vary from source to source.
*Tudḫaliya (sometimes called Tudḫaliya I) is deduced from his early placement in a later offering list as a hypothetical pre-Empire king who might have reigned in the early 17th century BC.
*
Tudḫaliya I (sometimes considered identical with the following, as Tudḫaliya I/II ), ruled in the mid-15th century BC, son of Kantuzzili.
*
Tudḫaliya II (sometimes considered identical with the preceding, as Tudḫaliya I/II or renumbered as Tudḫaliya I ), ruled at the start of the 14th century BC, father-in-law of
Arnuwanda I.
*
Tudḫaliya III (sometimes renumbered as Tudḫaliya II ), in the early 14th century BC, the son of
Arnuwanda I and predecessor of
Å uppiluliuma I
Šuppiluliuma I, also Suppiluliuma () or Suppiluliumas (died c. 1322 BC) () was an ancient Hittite king (r. –1322 BC).Bryce 2005: xv, 154; Freu 2007b: 311 dates the reign to c. 1350–c. 1319 BC; Kuhrt 1995: 230 dates him within the range 1370 ...
.
*
Tudḫaliya the Younger (sometimes numbered as Tudḫaliya III ), in the mid-14th century BC, the son of Tudḫaliya III, he probably never reigned.
*
Tudḫaliya IV (very rarely renumbered as Tudḫaliya III ), ruled around 1230 BC, the son of
Ḫattušili III
Hattusili III (Hittite language, Hittite: "from Hattusa") was king of the Hittite empire (New Kingdom) –1245 BC (middle chronology) or 1267–1237 BC (short chronology timeline)., pp.xiii-xiv
Early life and family
Much of what is known about ...
.
*Tudḫaliya V possibly ruled around 1180 BC, perhaps the son of
Å uppiluliuma II.
*Tudḫaliya,
Neo-Hittite king(s) of
Carchemish
Carchemish ( or ), also spelled Karkemish (), was an important ancient capital in the northern part of the region of Syria. At times during its history the city was independent, but it was also part of the Mitanni, Hittite and Neo-Assyrian ...
, fl.
In the Bible
Some
biblical scholars
Biblical studies is the academic application of a set of diverse academic discipline, disciplines to the study of the Bible, with ''Bible'' referring to the books of the Biblical canon#Jewish canons, canonical Hebrew Bible in mainstream Judais ...
suggested that ''
Tidal, king of Nations'' (
Goyim
In modern Hebrew and Yiddish, (; , pl: , or ) is a term for a gentile, a non-Jew. Through Yiddish, the word has been adopted into English (pl: goyim or goys) also to mean "gentile", sometimes in a pejorative sense.
The Biblical Hebrew word ...
), who is mentioned in the
Book of Genesis
The Book of Genesis (from Greek language, Greek ; ; ) is the first book of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament. Its Hebrew name is the same as its incipit, first word, (In the beginning (phrase), 'In the beginning'). Genesis purpor ...
14 as having joined
Chedorlaomer in attacking rebels in
Canaan
CanaanThe current scholarly edition of the Septuagint, Greek Old Testament spells the word without any accents, cf. Septuaginta : id est Vetus Testamentum graece iuxta LXX interprets. 2. ed. / recogn. et emendavit Robert Hanhart. Stuttgart : D ...
is based on one of the Tudhaliyas. In modern academia, Tidal is considered to be a literary figure, not a historical figure. The discussion about Tidal relates to the
Battle of Siddim in the Bible; the exact geographical location of Tidal is disputed. 'Tidal, king of Goyim', may also be related to the island kingdoms in Mediterranean Sea.
[Gard Granerød (26 March 2010). Abraham and Melchizedek: Scribal Activity of Second Temple Times in Genesis 14 and Psalm 110. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 118-121. ISBN 978-3-11-022346-0.]
See also
*
History of the Hittites
The Hittites () were an Anatolian Indo-European people who formed one of the first major civilizations of the Bronze Age in West Asia. Possibly originating from beyond the Black Sea, they settled in modern-day Turkey in the early 2nd millen ...
Notes
Bibliography
* Beckman, Gary (2000), "Hittite Chronology," ''Akkadica'' 119-120 (2000) 19–32.
* Breyer, Francis (2010), "Hethitologische Bemerkungen zum Keilschrift "Zipfel" aus Qantir/Pi-Ramesse," Ägypten und Levante 20 (2010) 43-48.
* Bryce, Trevor (2005), ''The Kingdom of the Hittites'', Oxford.
* Forlanini, Massimo (1993), Atti. del II Congresso Internazionale di Hittitologia, Pavia.
* Freu, Jacques, and Michel Mazoyer (2007a), ''Des origins à la fin de l’ancien royaume hittite'', Paris.
* Freu, Jacques, and Michel Mazoyer (2007b), ''Les débuts du nouvel empire hittite'', Paris.
* Zsolt, Simon (2009), "Die ANKARA-Silberschale und das Ende des hethitischen Reiches," ''Zeitschrift für Assyriologie'' 99 (2009) 247-269
online
External links
{{Hittite kings
Hittite kings