The Tuscan Archipelago is a chain of islands between the

Ligurian Sea The Ligurian Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea. It lies between the Italian Riviera ( Liguria) and the island of Corsica. The sea is thought to have been named after the ancient Ligures people. Geography The sea borders Italy as far as ...

and

Tyrrhenian Sea The Tyrrhenian Sea (, ; or ) , , , , is part of the Mediterranean Sea off the western coast of Italy. It is named for the Tyrrhenians, Tyrrhenian people identified with the Etruscans of Italy. Geography The sea is bounded by the islands of C ...

, west of

Tuscany Tuscany ( ; ) is a Regions of Italy, region in central Italy with an area of about and a population of 3,660,834 inhabitants as of 2025. The capital city is Florence. Tuscany is known for its landscapes, history, artistic legacy, and its in ...

Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land b ...

. The islands' proximity to several major cities has made them a favourite tourist location. History and literature have ensured that most people are familiar with the islands of

Elba Elba (, ; ) is a Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean island in Tuscany, Italy, from the coastal town of Piombino on the Italian mainland, and the largest island of the Tuscan Archipelago. It is also part of the Arcipelago Toscano National Park, a ...

and

Montecristo Montecristo, also Monte Cristo (, ) and formerly Oglasa (), is an island in the Tyrrhenian Sea and part of the Tuscan Archipelago. Administratively it belongs to the comune, municipality of Portoferraio in the province of Livorno, Italy. The isl ...

. Legends says the archipelago originates from a necklace that

Venus Venus is the second planet from the Sun. It is often called Earth's "twin" or "sister" planet for having almost the same size and mass, and the closest orbit to Earth's. While both are rocky planets, Venus has an atmosphere much thicker ...

, the Roman goddess of beauty and sensuality, lost while emerging from the Tyrrhenian sea. In this myth, the seven islands are the seven pearls the goddess was unable to retrieve.

Geography

The Tuscan Archipelago lies between

Corsica Corsica ( , , ; ; ) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the Regions of France, 18 regions of France. It is the List of islands in the Mediterranean#By area, fourth-largest island in the Mediterranean and lies southeast of the Metro ...

and the Tuscan coast and contains seven major islands ( Capraia,

, Giannutri, Giglio, Gorgona,

and Pianosa); all are protected as part of the Arcipelago Toscano National Park. The Archipelago extends from the northernmost island (Gorgona) to the southernmost (Giannutri) and from the westernmost (Capraia) to the Tuscan coast. Main Islands (from north to south): There are several islets in the archipelago including: *Cerboli (Piombino Channel) * Formiche di Grosseto (Grosseto) *Isola della Cappa (Giglio) *Isola Corbella (Elba) *Isola di Ortano (Elba) *Isola della Peraiola (Capraia) *Isola dei Topi (Piombino Channel) *Isole Gemini (Elba) *Isolotto della Scarpa (Pianosa) *Isolotto della Scola (Pianosa) * Palmaiola (Piombino Channel) *Scoglietto di Portoferraio (Elba) and skerries as: *Faraglione del Giglio *Formiche di Capraia (Capraia) *Formiche della Zanca (Elba) *Isola dei Liscoli (Elba) *Le Scole (Giglio) * Meloria Shoal (Livorno) * Scoglio d'Africa (Corsica Channel) *Scoglio Forano (Pianosa) *Scoglio del Gatto (Capraia) *Scoglio della Manza (Capraia) *Scoglio dell’Ogliera (Elba) *Scoglio del Remaiolo (Elba) *Scoglio della Triglia (Elba) * Vada Shoal (Vada) Others islets and skerries that are not part of the archipelago: *Argentarola (Monte Argentario) *Isolotto di Porto Ercole *Isolotto dello Sparviero *Scoglio della Focacciola

Geology

The Tuscan Archipelago represents a region of correlation between the

Sardinia Sardinia ( ; ; ) is the Mediterranean islands#By area, second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, and one of the Regions of Italy, twenty regions of Italy. It is located west of the Italian Peninsula, north of Tunisia an ...

block and the Italian Peninsula; it is formed by seven islands and several islets and skerries which have different geological provenance as

magmatic Magma () is the molten or semi-molten natural material from which all igneous rocks are formed. Magma (sometimes colloquially but incorrectly referred to as ''lava'') is found beneath the surface of the Earth, and evidence of magmatism has also ...

sedimentary Sedimentary rocks are types of rock formed by the cementation of sediments—i.e. particles made of minerals (geological detritus) or organic matter (biological detritus)—that have been accumulated or deposited at Earth's surface. Sedime ...

and

metamorphic rock Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock to new types of rock in a process called metamorphism. The original rock ( protolith) is subjected to temperatures greater than and, often, elevated pressure of or more, caus ...

s. The origin of the archipelago dates to the

Triassic period The Triassic ( ; sometimes symbolized 🝈) is a geologic period and system which spans 50.5 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.902 million years ago ( Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period 201.4 Mya. The Triassic is the ...

according to the type of the rocks. In the

Quaternary The Quaternary ( ) is the current and most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS), as well as the current and most recent of the twelve periods of the ...

the archipelago was related to the sea level fluctuations due to the

glacial A glacier (; or ) is a persistent body of dense ice, a form of rock, that is constantly moving downhill under its own weight. A glacier forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation over many years, often centuries. It acquires ...

and

interglacial An interglacial period (or alternatively interglacial, interglaciation) is a geological interval of warmer global average temperature lasting thousands of years that separates consecutive glacial periods within an ice age. The current Holocene i ...

periods; in the last glaciation the

sea level Mean sea level (MSL, often shortened to sea level) is an mean, average surface level of one or more among Earth's coastal Body of water, bodies of water from which heights such as elevation may be measured. The global MSL is a type of vertical ...

fell , and Elba became a

peninsula A peninsula is a landform that extends from a mainland and is only connected to land on one side. Peninsulas exist on each continent. The largest peninsula in the world is the Arabian Peninsula. Etymology The word ''peninsula'' derives , . T ...

joined to the continent and to Pianosa. The

Würm glaciation The Würm glaciation or Würm stage ( or ''Würm-Glazial'', colloquially often also ''Würmeiszeit'' or ''Würmzeit''; cf. ice age), usually referred to in the literature as the Würm (often spelled "Wurm"), was the last glacial period in the ...

was followed by a warming phase, and the sea rose slowly to reach its current level.

Biodiversity

Fauna

The archipelago is distinguished by some endemic taxa which are protected in order to avoid the loss of the

biodiversity Biodiversity is the variability of life, life on Earth. It can be measured on various levels. There is for example genetic variability, species diversity, ecosystem diversity and Phylogenetics, phylogenetic diversity. Diversity is not distribut ...

fauna Fauna (: faunae or faunas) is all of the animal life present in a particular region or time. The corresponding terms for plants and fungi are ''flora'' and '' funga'', respectively. Flora, fauna, funga and other forms of life are collectively ...

and

flora Flora (: floras or florae) is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring (indigenous (ecology), indigenous) native plant, native plants. The corresponding term for animals is ''fauna'', and for f ...

. The most important are ''

Oxychilus ''Oxychilus'' is a genus of small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropods in the subfamily Oxychilinae of the family Oxychilidae, the glass snails. Species The following species are recognised in the genus ''Oxychilus'': ...

pilula'' of Capraia; and ''Oxychilus gorgonianus'' of Gorgona; '' Coenonympha corinna'', '' Podarcis muralis colosi'' and '' Vipera aspis francisciredi'' of Elba; and '' Vipera aspis montecristi'' of Montecristo. 31 species of mammals, several introduced, are known from the Tuscan archipelago, with the greatest diversity on Elba, with 24 species. The introduction of the

wild boar The wild boar (''Sus scrofa''), also known as the wild swine, common wild pig, Eurasian wild pig, or simply wild pig, is a Suidae, suid native to much of Eurasia and North Africa, and has been introduced to the Americas and Oceania. The speci ...

to Elba several years ago has caused problems regarding the conservation of some plant species. All the islands of the Tuscan Archipelago are a place where the migrant birds take a stop along their seasonal movement from north to south and vice versa; the favourite places are Gorgona, Palmaiola, Cerboli and Montecristo. The '' Falco peregrinus brookei'' nests on Elba and Capraia, the

shearwater Shearwaters are medium-sized long-winged seabirds in the petrel family Procellariidae. They have a global marine distribution, but are most common in temperate and cold waters, and are pelagic outside the breeding season. Description These tube ...

and the rare Audouin's gull are common on all the islands. The archipelago has been recognised as an

Important Bird Area An Important Bird and Biodiversity Area (IBA) is an area identified using an internationally agreed set of criteria as being globally important for the conservation of bird populations. IBA was developed and sites are identified by BirdLife Int ...

(IBA) by

BirdLife International BirdLife International is a global partnership of non-governmental organizations that strives to conserve birds and their habitats. BirdLife International's priorities include preventing extinction of bird species, identifying and safeguarding i ...

because it supports breeding populations of European nightjars,

Scopoli's shearwater Scopoli's shearwater (''Calonectris diomedea'') is a seabird in the petrel family Procellariidae. It breeds on rocky islands and on steep coasts in the Mediterranean but outside the breeding season it forages in the Atlantic. It is brownish grey ...

European shag The European shag or common shag (''Gulosus aristotelis'') is a species of cormorant. It is the only member of the monotypic genus ''Gulosus''. It breeds around the rocky coasts of western and southern Europe, southwest Asia and north Africa, ma ...

s, Audouin's gulls,

Peregrine falcon The peregrine falcon (''Falco peregrinus''), also known simply as the peregrine, is a Cosmopolitan distribution, cosmopolitan bird of prey (raptor) in the family (biology), family Falconidae renowned for its speed. A large, Corvus (genus), cro ...

s, Moltoni's warblers, Marmora's warblers,

Dartford warbler The Dartford warbler (''Curruca undata'') is a typical warbler from the warmer parts of western Europe and northwestern Africa. It is a small warbler with a long thin tail and a thin pointed bill. The adult male has grey-brown upperparts and is d ...

s and black-eared wheatears. The rich productivity of the coastal waters provides habitats for various marine life, even dolphins and whales, including

fin A fin is a thin component or appendage attached to a larger body or structure. Fins typically function as foils that produce lift or thrust, or provide the ability to steer or stabilize motion while traveling in water, air, or other fluids. F ...

and

sperm whale The sperm whale or cachalot (''Physeter macrocephalus'') is the largest of the toothed whales and the largest toothed predator. It is the only living member of the Genus (biology), genus ''Physeter'' and one of three extant species in the s ...

Flora

The archipelago is characterized by a Mediterranean climate with high

insolation Solar irradiance is the power per unit area ( surface power density) received from the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range of the measuring instrument. Solar irradiance is measured in watts per square metre ...

all year round. The archipelago's flora differs from island to island; the smaller have a vegetation similar each other of '' macchia mediterranea'' and

garrigue Garrigue or garigue ( ), also known as phrygana ( , n. pl.), is a type of low scrubland ecoregion and plant community in the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome. It is found on limestone soils in southern France and around the ...

formed by

evergreen In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has Leaf, foliage that remains green and functional throughout the year. This contrasts with deciduous plants, which lose their foliage completely during the winter or dry season. Consisting of many diffe ...

plants. Elba has a complex

orography Orography is the study of the topographic relief of mountains, and can more broadly include hills, and any part of a region's elevated terrain. Orography (also known as ''oreography'', ''orology,'' or ''oreology'') falls within the broader disci ...

including the mountain Mount Capanne which favoured the preservation of the

chestnut The chestnuts are the deciduous trees and shrubs in the genus ''Castanea'', in the beech family Fagaceae. The name also refers to the edible nuts they produce. They are native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Description ...

, the holm oak and the black alder mostly on the northern side. The main plant formations are those of

shrub A shrub or bush is a small to medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees by their multiple ...

s of

Erica Erica or ERICA may refer to: * Erica (given name) * Erica (plant), ''Erica'' (plant), a flowering plant genus * Erica (chatbot), a service of Bank of America * Erica (video game), ''Erica'' (video game), a 2019 FMV video game * Erica (spider), ' ...

, strawberry tree,

Genisteae Genisteae is a tribe of trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants in the subfamily Faboideae of the family Fabaceae. It includes a number of well-known plants including broom, lupine (lupin), gorse and laburnum. The tribe's greatest diversity is ...

, mastic, Mediterranean buckthorn,

myrtus ''Myrtus'' (commonly called myrtle) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae. It was first described by Swedish botanist Linnaeus in 1753. Over 600 names have been proposed in the genus, but nearly all have either been moved ...

and Phoenician juniper; On Elba and Capraia the

cork oak ''Quercus suber'', commonly called the cork oak, is a medium-sized, evergreen oak tree in the section Quercus sect. Cerris, ''Quercus'' sect. ''Cerris''. It is the primary source of cork (material), cork for wine bottle stoppers and other uses, ...

is present, while the

Aleppo pine ''Pinus halepensis'', commonly known as the Aleppo pine, also known as the Jerusalem pine, is a pine native to the Mediterranean region. It was officially named by the botanist Philip Miller in his 1768 book ''The Gardener's Dictionary''; he pro ...

and the maritime pine are widely spread on Elba and Gorgona.Flora
Parco Nazionale Arcipelago Toscano The endemic species of the archipelago are '' Centaurea aetalieae'' (eastern Elba), '' Centaurea gymnocarpa'' (Capraia), '' Centaurea ilvensis'' (western Elba), '' Crocus ilvensis'' (western Elba), '' Limonium doriae'' (Formica Grande), '' Limonium gorgonae'' (Gorgona), '' Limonium ilvae'' (Elba), '' Limonium planesiae'' (Pianosa), '' Limonium sommerierianum'' (Giglio, Giannutri and Montecristo), '' Linaria capraria'' (all main islands except for Giannutri), '' Romulea insularis'' (Capraia) and '' Silene capraria'' (Capraia). Endemic taxa of lower rank are '' Biscutella pichiana'' subsp. ''ilvensis'' (Elba), '' Festuca gamisansii'' subsp. ''aethaliae'' (Elba), '' Mentha requienii'' subsp. ''bistaminata'' (Montecristo and Capraia) and '' Viola corsica'' subsp. ''ilvensis'' (Elba).

Islands

Elba

is a

Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea ( ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern ...

island in

, from the coastal town of

Piombino Piombino is an Italian town and ''comune'' of about 35,000 inhabitants in the province of Livorno (Tuscany). It lies on the border between the Ligurian Sea and the Tyrrhenian Sea, in front of Elba Island and at the northern side of Maremma. Ov ...

. The largest island of the Tuscan Archipelago, Elba is also part of the Arcipelago Toscano National Park and the third largest island in Italy, after

Sicily Sicily (Italian language, Italian and ), officially the Sicilian Region (), is an island in the central Mediterranean Sea, south of the Italian Peninsula in continental Europe and is one of the 20 regions of Italy, regions of Italy. With 4. ...

and

. It is located in the

, about east of the French island of

Giglio

Isola del Giglio Isola del Giglio (; ), or Giglio Island in English, is an Italian island and (municipality) in the Tyrrhenian Sea, off the coast of Tuscany, and is part of the Province of Grosseto. The island is one of seven that form the Tuscan Archipelago, l ...

is an Italian

island An island or isle is a piece of land, distinct from a continent, completely surrounded by water. There are continental islands, which were formed by being split from a continent by plate tectonics, and oceanic islands, which have never been ...

and

comune A (; : , ) is an administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions () and provinces (). The can also have the City status in Italy, titl ...

situated in the

, off the coast of

, and is part of the

Province of Grosseto The province of Grosseto () is a Provinces of Italy, province in the Tuscany region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Grosseto. As of 2013 the province had a total population of 225,098 people. Geography The Province of Grosseto completely ...

. The island is one of seven that form the Tuscan Archipelago, lying within the Arcipelago Toscano National Park. ''Giglio'' means "lily" in Italian, and though the name would appear consistent with the insignia of Medici Florence, it derives from ''Aegilium'', "Goat Island", a

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

transliteration of the

Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...

word for "little goat" (

Ancient greek Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Greek ...

: ''Aigýllion'', ''Αιγύλλιον'').

Capraia

Capraia is an Italian

, is the north-westernmost of the seven islands of the Tuscan Archipelago, and the third largest after

and Giglio; it is also a ''comune'' (municipality) belonging to the

Province of Livorno The province of Livorno () or, traditionally, province of Leghorn, is a Provinces of Italy, province in the Tuscany region of Italy. It includes several islands of the Tuscan Archipelago, including Elba and Capraia. Its capital is the city of Liv ...

. The island has a population of about 400.

Montecristo

is an island in the

and part of the Tuscan Archipelago. Administratively it belongs to the

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...

Portoferraio Portoferraio () is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Livorno, on the edge of the eponymous harbour of the island of Elba. It is the island's largest town. Because of its terrain, many of its buildings are situated on the slopes of a tiny h ...

in the

province of Livorno The province of Livorno () or, traditionally, province of Leghorn, is a Provinces of Italy, province in the Tuscany region of Italy. It includes several islands of the Tuscan Archipelago, including Elba and Capraia. Its capital is the city of Liv ...

. The island has an area of and is approximately wide at its widest point; the coasts are steep, and extend for . The island is a state

nature reserve A nature reserve (also known as a wildlife refuge, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve or bioreserve, natural or nature preserve, or nature conservation area) is a protected area of importance for flora, fauna, funga, or features of geologic ...

and forms part of the Tuscan Archipelago National Park.

Pianosa

The small island of Pianosa, about in area, has a coastal perimeter of , forms part of

's Tuscan Archipelago in the

Gorgona

Gorgona is the northernmost island in the Tuscan Archipelago. Between

and

Livorno Livorno () is a port city on the Ligurian Sea on the western coast of the Tuscany region of Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Livorno, having a population of 152,916 residents as of 2025. It is traditionally known in English as Leghorn ...

, this diminutive island has been valued most for its

wildlife Wildlife refers to domestication, undomesticated animals and uncultivated plant species which can exist in their natural habitat, but has come to include all organisms that grow or live wilderness, wild in an area without being species, introdu ...

, especially marine birds, and its isolation. The latter quality resulted in the foundation of Gorgona Abbey in the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and ...

. After its closure, the monastery grounds and buildings were appropriated in 1869, at the foundation of an agricultural penal colony, which is currently in use.

Giannutri

Giannutri is a small

in the

off the coast of

; it is the southernmost island of the Tuscan Archipelago and it is a ''

frazione A ''frazione'' (: ''frazioni'') is a type of subdivision of a ''comune'' ('municipality') in Italy, often a small village or hamlet outside the main town. Most ''frazioni'' were created during the Fascist era (1922–1943) as a way to consolidat ...

'' of the ''

'' of

in the

Islets

Formiche di Grosseto

The Formiche di Grosseto ("Ants of Grosseto") is a group of

islet An islet ( ) is generally a small island. Definitions vary, and are not precise, but some suggest that an islet is a very small, often unnamed, island with little or no vegetation to support human habitation. It may be made of rock, sand and/ ...

s which emerge sharply in the Tuscan Archipelago. They are located in open sea among the coast of the Natural Park of Maremma and Pianosa, approximately from Porto Santo Stefano on Monte Argentario and from

Marina di Grosseto Marina di Grosseto () is a popular tourist destination located twelve kilometers from Grosseto; it is an important seaside resort in Grossetan Maremma. Once a fishing village, it is known for its hilly hinterland, rich in macchia and wide beach ...

; they are part of the ''

'' of

Grosseto Grosseto () is a city and a ''comune'' in the central Italian region of Tuscany, the capital of the province of Grosseto and the main city of the Maremma region. The city lies from the Tyrrhenian Sea, at the centre of an alluvial plain on the ...

and are placed in a

which makes part of a

special protection area A special protection area (SPA) is a designation under the European Union Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds. Under the Directive, Member States of the European Union (EU) have a duty to safeguard the habitats of migratory birds and cer ...

Palmaiola

Palmaiola is an islet placed in the middle of Piombino Channel, at from Elba and from

; it is part of the

of Rio Marina.

Skerries

Meloria

Meloria is a rocky

skerry A skerry ( ) is a small rocky island, or islet, usually too small for human habitation. It may simply be a rocky reef. A skerry can also be called a low stack (geology), sea stack. A skerry may have vegetative life such as moss and small, ...

, surrounded by a

shoal In oceanography, geomorphology, and Earth science, geoscience, a shoal is a natural submerged ridge, bank (geography), bank, or bar that consists of, or is covered by, sand or other unconsolidated material, and rises from the bed of a body ...

, off the Tuscan coast, in the

, north-west of

Scoglietto di Portoferraio

Scoglietto di Portoferraio is a rocky skerry without vegetation placed in front of

. It is a

marine protected area A marine protected area (MPA) is a protected area of the world's seas, oceans, estuaries or in the US, the Great Lakes. These marine areas can come in many forms ranging from wildlife refuges to research facilities. MPAs restrict human activity ...

since 1971, and from January 2014 it is a

Site of Community Importance A Site of Community Importance (SCI) is defined in the European Commission Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) as a site which, in the biogeographical region or regions to which it belongs, contributes significantly to the maintenance or restoration at ...

. The skerry is long and wide and it is placed at from ''Punta Capo Bianco'' and from ''Punta Falconaia''. On the islet is an active

lighthouse A lighthouse is a tower, building, or other type of physical structure designed to emit light from a system of lamps and lens (optics), lenses and to serve as a beacon for navigational aid for maritime pilots at sea or on inland waterways. Ligh ...

Scoglio d'Africa

Scoglio d'AfricaScoglio d'Africa
Marina Militare (or Scoglio d'Affrica), also named Formica di Monte Cristo ("Monte Cristo's Ant"), is a solitary small

belonging to the Tuscan Archipelago located in open sea between

and Corsica Channel. It is located west of the Island of

, south of Pianosa Island and east of

. Administratively it belongs to the

of Campo nell'Elba. It is also part of the Tuscan Archipelago National Park.

Gallery

File:Elba Enfola.jpg, L'Enfola,

island File:Elba-004.jpg, Scaglieri beach, Elba island File:Fetovaia01.jpg, Fetovaia beach, Elba island File:Casa di Napoleone.JPG,

Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French general and statesman who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led Military career ...

's house in

File:Cala Giovanna Pianosa(LI)2.JPG, Cala Giovanna, Pianosa island File:Capraia Capra.jpg, Capraia main village, Capraia island File:Montecristo1.JPG,

Island File:Spiaggia delle cannelle.JPG, Cannelle beach, Giglio island File:Giannutri runway.jpg, Giannutri coast File:Cala Spalmatoio.jpg, Cala Spalmatoio, Giannutri island File:Isola Gorgona 2.JPG, The village of Gorgona seen from the harbour File:Palazzo della Specola Pianosa (LI).jpg, Palazzo della Specola, Pianosa island

References

External links

Official Tuscan Archipelago National Park website
{{authority control . .Archipelago Archipelagoes of Italy Archipelagoes of the Mediterranean Sea Ligurian Sea Islands of the Tyrrhenian Sea Important Bird Areas of Italy Important Bird Areas of Mediterranean islands

Geography

Geology

Biodiversity

Fauna

Flora

Islands

Elba

Giglio

Capraia

Montecristo

Pianosa

Gorgona

Giannutri

Islets

Formiche di Grosseto

Palmaiola

Skerries

Meloria

Scoglietto di Portoferraio

Scoglio d'Africa

Gallery

See also

References

External links