The Tudor Crown was a crown created in the early 16th century for either Henry VII or

Henry VIII Henry VIII (28 June 149128 January 1547) was King of England from 22 April 1509 until his death in 1547. Henry is known for his Wives of Henry VIII, six marriages and his efforts to have his first marriage (to Catherine of Aragon) annulled. ...

, the first Tudor monarchs of

England England is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is located on the island of Great Britain, of which it covers about 62%, and List of islands of England, more than 100 smaller adjacent islands. It ...

, and destroyed in 1649 during the

English Civil War The English Civil War or Great Rebellion was a series of civil wars and political machinations between Cavaliers, Royalists and Roundhead, Parliamentarians in the Kingdom of England from 1642 to 1651. Part of the wider 1639 to 1653 Wars of th ...

. It was described by the art historian Sir Roy Strong as 'a masterpiece of early Tudor jeweller's art'. A representation of the Tudor Crown is a widely used symbol in the

heraldry Heraldry is a discipline relating to the design, display and study of armorial bearings (known as armory), as well as related disciplines, such as vexillology, together with the study of ceremony, Imperial, royal and noble ranks, rank and genealo ...

of the

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

. In use officially from 1901 to 1952 and again from 2022, it is used to represent '

the Crown The Crown is a political concept used in Commonwealth realms. Depending on the context used, it generally refers to the entirety of the State (polity), state (or in federal realms, the relevant level of government in that state), the executive ...

' as the

sovereign ''Sovereign'' is a title that can be applied to the highest leader in various categories. The word is borrowed from Old French , which is ultimately derived from the Latin">-4; we might wonder whether there's a point at which it's appropriate to ...

source of governmental authority. As such, it appears on numerous official emblems in the United Kingdom, the former

British Empire The British Empire comprised the dominions, Crown colony, colonies, protectorates, League of Nations mandate, mandates, and other Dependent territory, territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It bega ...

, and the

Commonwealth realms A Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state in the Commonwealth of Nations that has the same constitutional monarch and head of state as the other realms. The current monarch is King Charles III. Except for the United Kingdom, in each of the ...

Origins

Its date of manufacture is unknown, but Henry VII or his son and successor Henry VIII probably commissioned the crown, first documented in writing in a 1521 inventory of Henry VIII's jewels, naming the crown as 'the king's crown of gold'. The crown was mentioned again in 1532,

1547 Year 1547 ( MDXLVII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. Events January–March * January 8 – The first Lithuanian-language book, a ''Catechism'' (, Simple Words of Catechism), is published in Königsbe ...

, 1550, 1574, 1597 and 1606, also featuring in portraits of Charles I.

Henry V Henry V may refer to: People * Henry V, Duke of Bavaria (died 1026) * Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor (1081/86–1125) * Henry V, Duke of Carinthia (died 1161) * Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine (–1227) * Henry V, Count of Luxembourg (1216–1281 ...

is the first English monarch to be depicted in heraldry wearing an imperial crown, and the first to be referred to as an emperor in his kingdom. An imperial crown appeared on the great seal of England after 1471 and on the coinage of Henry VII from 1489.

Cuthbert Tunstall Cuthbert Tunstall (otherwise spelt Tunstal or Tonstall; 1474 – 18 November 1559) was an England, English humanist, bishop, diplomat, administrator and royal adviser. He served as Bishop of Durham during the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI of ...

wrote to Henry VIII in 1517, '...the Crown of England is an Empire of itself...for which cause your Grace weareth a closed crown.'

Description

The crown is first described in an inventory made of Henry VIII's jewels in 1521:

'Furste the kingis crowne of golde the Bordour garnisshed with Six Balacys ffyve Saphures fyve pointed Diamoundys twanty Rubyes xix pearlys and iiij Collettis the Balacys with the king And one of the crosses of the same Crowne garnisshed w^t a greate Saphure an Emade Crased iiij Balacys and ix pearlis not all of a sorte Item on the lefte side of the same Crosse a fflourre de luce set w^t An ymage of Cryste with A greate Balace Brooken A less Balace A poynted dyamounde... 'Henry Rex 'two pearlis and the Collet where a fayre Balace stode and A crampon where the pearle stode. the Balace and the pearle w^t the king and next that a nother Crosse w^t a course saphure iiij course balacys a fayre litle Emerade A lozenged Diamonde like a harte a ruby viij plis and a crampon where the pearle stode the pearle w^t the king, and next that another ffloure de luce sett w^t a saunte George a fayre balace a poynted Diamounde and thre plis A collett where a Balace stode The Balace with the king in oon leaf And of the other leaf both collett and Balace with the king and next that Another Crosse w^t a large Eounde Saphure iiij Balacys iiij plys and a Collett the emerade w^t the king and v crampons the pearlis w^t the king and next that An other flour de luce set with our ladyes ymage and hir childe A Balace A poynted Diamonde thre pearlis and two Collettis The Balace w^t the king and next that A nother Crosse set w^t two Saphures iiij balacys viij pearlis and a crampon where the pearle stode, The pearle w^t the king And nexte that An other flour de luce set w^t an ymage of Cryste A Balace A poynted Diamonde thre pearlis and ij colletis The balace w^t the king and next that An other Crosse set w^t a course Saphure iiij balacys ix pearlis And a Collett The Emerade w^t the king And next that an other flower Deluce sett w^t an ymage of Criste w^t a Balace a smalle poynted Diamounde thre pearlis and two Collettys the Balace w^t the king Item oon the Diademe above twelf poynted diamoundys some better then the other thre Tryangled diamoundys oon table diamounde and xxviij pearlis two in A troche poysaunt to gidders...'

It took the form of a closed crown, originally with two arches, with five crosses pattée alternating with five fleurs-de-lis. It was decorated with 344 jewels, gems and pearls, including 21 sapphires, 2 emeralds, 27 diamonds and 233 pearls of different sizes. The 1521 inventory states that many of these jewels were held by Henry and not permanently kept in the crown. In the centre petals of the fleurs-de-lis were gold and enamel figurines of the Virgin Mary,

St George Saint George (;Geʽez: ጊዮርጊስ, , ka, გიორგი, , , died 23 April 303), also George of Lydda, was an early Christian martyr who is venerated as a saint in Christianity. According to holy tradition, he was a soldier in the R ...

and three images of Christ. Comparing the 1521 and 1547 inventories, it is evident that the crown was repaired and altered during this period. Following the

English Reformation The English Reformation began in 16th-century England when the Church of England broke away first from the authority of the pope and bishops Oath_of_Supremacy, over the King and then from some doctrines and practices of the Catholic Church ...

, and in order to express the religious authority of the monarchy, the three figures of Christ were removed and replaced by three Kings of England: St Edmund, St Edward the Confessor and Henry VI, who at that time was also venerated as a saint. The cap within the crown was of purple silk velvet and lined with black silk satin, with no fur on the cap, as noted in the 1547 inventory.

Usage

Henry VIII wore the crown during

court A court is an institution, often a government entity, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between Party (law), parties and Administration of justice, administer justice in Civil law (common law), civil, Criminal law, criminal, an ...

ceremonies, in particular at Christmas when Henry would process to chapel in his coronation regalia. The crown was used in the

coronation of Edward VI The coronation of Edward VI as List of English monarchs, King of Kingdom of England, England and Kingdom of Ireland, Ireland took place at Westminster Abbey, London, on 20 February 1547. Edward ascended the throne following the death of King Henr ...

in 1547, the coronation of Mary I in 1553 and the coronation of Elizabeth I in 1559. Both Edward VI and Mary I were crowned with three crowns in succession: first St Edward's Crown, second the Tudor Crown (termed the 'Imperiall crowne' in contemporary accounts) and finally in 'very rich' crowns made specifically for each of their coronations. Three crowns were also present at the coronation of Elizabeth I, and she was probably crowned in the same fashion as her predecessors. James I reverted to the tradition of being crowned with St Edward's Crown only before donning his own crown to depart Westminster Abbey. James annexed the Tudor Crown, his own crown and some other jewels to

in 1606, and the Tudor Crown featured in many portraits of Charles I.

Destruction

Following the abolition of the monarchy and the

execution of Charles I Charles_I_of_England, Charles I, King of Kingdom of England, England, Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland, and Kingdom of Ireland, Ireland, was executed on Tuesday, 30 January 1649 outside the Banqueting House on Whitehall, London. The execution was ...

in 1649, the Tudor Crown was broken up by order of parliament under the supervision of Sir Henry Mildmay. The gold frame was melted down and turned into coins while the jewels were sold off in packets, raising £1,100. According to an inventory drawn up for the sale of the king's goods, it weighed 7 lb 6 oz

troy Troy (/; ; ) or Ilion (; ) was an ancient city located in present-day Hisarlik, Turkey. It is best known as the setting for the Greek mythology, Greek myth of the Trojan War. The archaeological site is open to the public as a tourist destina ...

(). A second copy of the parliamentary records gives slightly different valuations and also provides more detail, noting the image of the Virgin Mary in one of the fleur-de-lis. One of the royal figurines may have survived: a statuette of Henry VI matching the contemporary depiction of the crown was uncovered in 2017 by metal detectorist Kevin Duckett. The location, 'at Great Oxendon...between

Naseby Naseby is a village and civil parish in the West Northamptonshire unitary authority area of Northamptonshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 United Kingdom census, 2011 Census was 687. The village is north of Northa ...

and

Market Harborough Market Harborough is a market town in the Harborough District, Harborough district of Leicestershire, England, close to the border with Northamptonshire. The population was 24,779 at the United Kingdom census, 2021, 2021 census. It is the ad ...

', was on the route taken by Charles I of England as he fled after the

Battle of Naseby The Battle of Naseby took place on 14 June 1645 during the First English Civil War, near the village of Naseby in Northamptonshire. The Roundhead, Parliamentarian New Model Army, commanded by Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Lord Fairfax of Cameron, Sir Th ...

and may have been lost at that time. The figurine was likely featured on Henry VIII's crown according to some sources. As of February 2021, the figure was being held at the

British Museum The British Museum is a Museum, public museum dedicated to human history, art and culture located in the Bloomsbury area of London. Its permanent collection of eight million works is the largest in the world. It documents the story of human cu ...

for assessment and further research. According to historian and Charles I biographer Leanda de Lisle, 'the crown was melted down on the orders of

Oliver Cromwell Oliver Cromwell (25 April 15993 September 1658) was an English statesman, politician and soldier, widely regarded as one of the most important figures in British history. He came to prominence during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, initially ...

but it is believed the figurine – which was one of several adorning the royal treasure – could already have been removed'.

Replica

In 2012, Historic Royal Palaces used the historic written inventories of the royal jewels along with portrait paintings featuring the crown to commission a replica. It was made by retired Crown Jeweller,

Harry Collins Harry Collins, FLSW (born 13 June 1943), is a British sociologist of science at the School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Wales. In 2012 he was elected a Fellow of the British Academy. In 2013, he was elected a Fellow of the Learne ...

, using 344 pearls and gemstones and employing authentic Tudor metalworking techniques. Other examples of 16th century goldsmith work were used to inform the fine details, particularly the

Crown of Scotland The Crown of Scotland (, ) is the centrepiece of the Honours of Scotland. It is the crown that was used at the coronation of the monarchs of Scotland, and it is the oldest surviving crown in the British Isles and among the oldest in Europe. A ...

. It is exhibited as part of an exhibition within the Chapel Royal at

Hampton Court Palace Hampton Court Palace is a Listed building, Grade I listed royal palace in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, southwest and upstream of central London on the River Thames. Opened to the public, the palace is managed by Historic Royal ...

. The replica is made of solid silver with a hard gold plating and gilded with a fine gold finish in order to recreate how the crown would have appeared in gold.

Heraldry

The heraldic depictions of the royal crown have undergone many changes in their form and enrichment. The crown began to assume its present form in the reign of

. Henry V's crown consisted of a jewelled circlet heightened by four crosses pattée alternating with eight fleurs-de-lis in pairs, and two arches springing from behind the crosses and supporting at the top a

mound A mound is a wikt:heaped, heaped pile of soil, earth, gravel, sand, rock (geology), rocks, or debris. Most commonly, mounds are earthen formations such as hills and mountains, particularly if they appear artificial. A mound may be any rounded ...

and

cross A cross is a religious symbol consisting of two Intersection (set theory), intersecting Line (geometry), lines, usually perpendicular to each other. The lines usually run vertically and horizontally. A cross of oblique lines, in the shape of t ...

. In some reigns, additional arches were used, and the number of crosses pattée and fleurs-de-lis varied. By the reign of Charles I, the heraldic crown was depicted similarly to the Tudor Crown (made either for Henry VII or Henry VIII) which had four crosses pattée alternating with four fleurs-de-lis, and also four arches rising almost to a point, the arches being studded with pearls. This crown was destroyed during the English Civil War. After the restoration of the monarchy, Charles II based both his state crown and heraldic crown on the new

St Edward's Crown St Edward's Crown is the coronation crown of the Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom. Named after Saint Edward the Confessor, versions of it have traditionally been used to crown English and British monarchs at their coronations since the 13t ...

of 1661. It had four crosses pattée alternating with four fleurs-de-lis; the number of arches was reduced to two and the curvature of the arches was depressed at the point of intersection. On this pattern the royal crown was depicted until the reign of

Queen Victoria Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until Death and state funeral of Queen Victoria, her death in January 1901. Her reign of 63 year ...

. Although Fox-Davies states that the

is supposed to be heraldically represented over the

Royal Arms The royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom, also referred to as the royal arms, are the arms of dominion of the British monarch, currently Charles III. They are used by the Government of the United Kingdom and by other The Crown, Crown instit ...

and other insignia because 'it is the "official" crown of England', various other crowns were depicted under Victoria, whose coronation, unusually, did not feature the St Edward's Crown at all. Early depictions of the Royal Arms during her reign featured the Imperial State Crown which was created for Victoria's coronation in 1838 and was similar to the St Edward's Crown but with a flatter top. However, depictions varied depending on the artist. In 1876, Victoria was proclaimed

Empress of India Emperor (or Empress) of India was a title used by British monarchs from 1 May 1876 (with the Royal Titles Act 1876) to 22 June 1948 Royal Proclamation of 22 June 1948, made in accordance with thIndian Independence Act 1947, 10 & 11 GEO. 6. C ...

, and in 1880, the heraldic crown was altered to give it a more imperial form by making the arches semi-circular. However, Victoria had favoured a Tudor style crown since at least the 1860s. Victoria had featured in William Wyon's gothic crown coin in 1847, and the

Palace of Westminster The Palace of Westminster is the meeting place of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and is located in London, England. It is commonly called the Houses of Parliament after the House of Commons and the House of Lords, the two legislative ch ...

, rebuilt from 1840 to 1876, makes extensive use of a gothic style crown. The British had assumed

direct rule In political science, direct rule is when an imperial or central power takes direct control over the legislature, executive and civil administration of an otherwise largely self-governing territory. Examples Chechnya In 1991, Chechen separat ...

over India in 1858, and the

Order of the Star of India The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria in 1861. The Order includes members of three classes: # Knight Grand Commander ( GCSI) # Knight Commander ( KCSI) # Companion ( CSI) No appointments ...

, created in 1861, depicted a Tudor Crown from its inception. Victoria had a new crown made in 1870 which resembled the Tudor Crown, declining to wear the Imperial State Crown which she found heavy and uncomfortable. After the accession of

Edward VII Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 22 January 1901 until Death and state funeral of Edward VII, his death in 1910. The second child ...

, the

War Office The War Office has referred to several British government organisations throughout history, all relating to the army. It was a department of the British Government responsible for the administration of the British Army between 1857 and 1964, at ...

raised the issue of a standardised design of the crown for use by the

British Army The British Army is the principal Army, land warfare force of the United Kingdom. the British Army comprises 73,847 regular full-time personnel, 4,127 Brigade of Gurkhas, Gurkhas, 25,742 Army Reserve (United Kingdom), volunteer reserve perso ...

, there being in use several crowns of different patterns. On 4 May 1901, the king approved a single Tudor Crown design based on the crown of Henry VII, as 'chosen and always used by Queen Victoria personally'. The design of the crown and the new royal cypher was issued as a sealed pattern by the War Office rather than by the

College of Arms The College of Arms, or Heralds' College, is a royal corporation consisting of professional Officer of Arms, officers of arms, with jurisdiction over England, Wales, Northern Ireland and some Commonwealth realms. The heralds are appointed by the ...

. The 1901 pattern crown depicted a thin ermine lining below a golden circlet holding a crimson

cap A cap is a flat headgear, usually with a visor. Caps have crowns that fit very close to the head. They made their first appearance as early as 3200 BC. The origin of the word "cap" comes from the Old French word "chapeau" which means "head co ...

; the circlet jewelled with an

oblong An oblong is an object longer than it is wide, especially a non-square rectangle. Oblong may also refer to: Places * Oblong, Illinois, a village in the United States * Oblong Township, Crawford County, Illinois, United States * A strip of land ...

shaped

ruby Ruby is a pinkish-red-to-blood-red-colored gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum ( aluminium oxide). Ruby is one of the most popular traditional jewelry gems and is very durable. Other varieties of gem-quality corundum are called sapph ...

in the centre between two oval

emerald Emerald is a gemstone and a variety of the mineral beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) colored green by trace amounts of chromium or sometimes vanadium.Hurlbut, Cornelius S. Jr., and Kammerling, Robert C. (1991). ''Gemology'', John Wiley & Sons, New York ...

s and two oblong

sapphire Sapphire is a precious gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum, consisting of aluminium oxide () with trace amounts of elements such as iron, titanium, cobalt, lead, chromium, vanadium, magnesium, boron, and silicon. The name ''sapphire ...

s on the outside. Each jewel is separated by two small vertically arranged pearls. Above the jewels, an invected line and a band supporting two fleurs-de-lis between three crosses pattée, each cross studded with a pearl in the centre. There are nine larger pearls on each of the outer half-arches and five pearls on the central half-arch. The outer arches rise in a semi-circle, with no depression or flattening, to support a mound, while the central half-arch widens as it rises, appearing to sit slightly above the outer arch. The mound is an emerald banded in gold topped with a small golden cross which is centrally studded with a small pearl. The

coronet In British heraldry, a coronet is a type of crown that is a mark of rank of non-reigning members of the royal family and peers. In other languages, this distinction is not made, and usually the same word for ''crown'' is used irrespective of ra ...

of the Prince of Wales created for the 1902 coronation was heraldically represented similarly to the 1901 pattern crown, minus the central half-arch.

George VI George VI (Albert Frederick Arthur George; 14 December 1895 – 6 February 1952) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until Death and state funeral of George VI, his death in 1952 ...

had ceased to use the style 'Emperor of India' in 1948 following India's independence in 1947, and on the accession of

Elizabeth II Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 19268 September 2022) was Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms from 6 February 1952 until Death and state funeral of Elizabeth II, her death in 2022. ...

in 1952, she opted to change from the 1901 Tudor Crown to a design resembling St Edward's Crown, similar to that last used before the reign of Victoria.

Charles III Charles III (Charles Philip Arthur George; born 14 November 1948) is King of the United Kingdom and the 14 other Commonwealth realms. Charles was born at Buckingham Palace during the reign of his maternal grandfather, King George VI, and ...

adopted the Tudor Crown on his accession in 2022, similar to that last used under George VI but with some differences. The circlet is plain with larger jewels, crosses and ermine. In addition to being larger, the jewels in the circlet are arranged differently to the 1901 pattern and in different shapes. In the centre is a sapphire between two emeralds, and the outermost jewels are rubies, mirroring the heraldic St Edward's Crown of Elizabeth II. The sapphire and rubies are in a

rhombus In plane Euclidean geometry, a rhombus (: rhombi or rhombuses) is a quadrilateral whose four sides all have the same length. Another name is equilateral quadrilateral, since equilateral means that all of its sides are equal in length. The rhom ...

shape rather than oblong, while the emeralds are oval in shape. Unlike the 1901 Tudor Crown, the mound is solid gold rather than emerald banded in gold. The cap of the heraldic crowns is always represented as crimson, regardless of the colour of any actual crowns. Badges for the

British armed forces The British Armed Forces are the unified military, military forces responsible for the defence of the United Kingdom, its British Overseas Territories, Overseas Territories and the Crown Dependencies. They also promote the UK's wider interests ...

featuring the Tudor Crown design were announced in March 2023 in time for the coronation in May. However, the ''

Financial Times The ''Financial Times'' (''FT'') is a British daily newspaper printed in broadsheet and also published digitally that focuses on business and economic Current affairs (news format), current affairs. Based in London, the paper is owned by a Jap ...

'' reported in June 2024 that the rollout of the new British Army cap badges had been delayed by fears that badges manufactured in China may contain tracking devices or transmitters. The

Cabinet Office The Cabinet Office is a Departments of the Government of the United Kingdom, ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It is responsible for supporting the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, prime minister and Cabinet ...

released guidance for the use of the Tudor Crown by UK police forces and other Crown institutions in July 2023. In Canada, a specifically Canadian design was unveiled which takes inspiration from the Tudor Crown but differs significantly in detailing and has been controversial. Use of the crowns for commercial purposes is specifically restricted in the UK (and in countries which are party to the Paris Convention) under sections 4 and 99 of the

Trade Marks Act 1994 The Trade Marks Act 1994 (c. 26) is the law governing trade marks within the United Kingdom and the Isle of Man. It implements EU Directive No. 89/104/EEC (The Trade Marks Directive) which forms the framework for the trade mark laws of all ...

, and their use is governed by the

Lord Chamberlain's Office The Lord Chamberlain's Office is a department within the British Royal Household. It is concerned with matters such as protocol, state visits, investitures, garden parties, royal weddings and funerals. For example, in April 2005 it organised t ...

. It is also an offence under Section 12 of the Trade Descriptions Act 1968 to give a false indication that any goods or services are supplied to the monarch or any member of the royal family.

Gallery

In portraiture

File:Charles I (1600–1649), King of England MET 06.1289.jpg, Charles I depicted with the Tudor Crown, 1629 File:Charles I by Daniel Mytens.jpg, Charles I depicted with the Tudor Crown, 1631 File:Banqueting House, The Peaceful Reign of James I, ceiling painting by Rubens.jpg, Ceiling painting of James I and the Tudor Crown, added to the

Banqueting House The Banqueting House, on Whitehall in the City of Westminster, central London, is the grandest and best-known survivor of the architectural genre of banqueting houses, constructed for elaborate entertaining. It is the only large surviving comp ...

in the 1630s File:Banqueting House 805.jpg, Ceiling painting of James I and the Tudor Crown in the Banqueting House File:Charles I (1630s).jpg, Charles I, 1630s File:Van Dyck Charles I and Henrietta.JPG, 1632 portrait of Charles I and Henrietta Maria File:Anthony van Dyck (1599-1641) - Charles I and Henrietta Maria with their two eldest children, Prince Charles and Princess Mary - RCIN 405353 - Royal Collection.jpg, Family of Charles I depicted with the Tudor Crown, 1632 File:Anthony van Dyck - King Charles I of England, three-quarter portrait.jpg, Charles I, circa 1632 File:Van Dyck - Portrait of King Charles I of England (1600-1649), 1632-1633.jpg, Charles I, between 1632 and 1633 File:Daniel Mytens I - Charles I - 118-1916 - Saint Louis Art Museum.jpg, Charles I depicted with the Tudor Crown, 1633 File:King Charles I by Sir Anthony Van Dyck.jpg, Charles I, 1635 File:Anthony van Dyck (1599-1641) - Charles I (1600-1649) - RCIN 404398 - Royal Collection.jpg, Charles I depicted with the Tudor Crown, 1636 File:Anthony van Dyck - Portrait of Charles I, King of the Great Britain.jpg, Charles I depicted with the Tudor Crown, 1638 File:Portrait of Charles II of England (Peter Lely).jpg, Charles II depicted with the Tudor Crown, painted after its destruction, c. 1670

In heraldry

File:Garter-Statutes CoA.jpg, Statutes of the most noble order of St. George, circa 1510–1530 File:Tudors.JPG, Arms of Henry VIII, circa 1572 File:Seal of Henry VIII.png, Seal of Henry VIII from Walter de Gray Birch's Catalogue of Seals File:At Hampton Court Palace 2024 020.jpg, Tudor Crown depicted on the arms of

Jane Seymour Jane Seymour (; 24 October 1537) was Queen of England as the third wife of King Henry VIII from their marriage on 30 May 1536 until her death the next year. She became queen following the execution of Henry's second wife, Anne Boleyn, who was ...

at Hampton Court Palace File:Mary I, 1553, Dieu et mon droit - Snowshill Manor - Gloucestershire, England - DSC09603.jpg, Arms of Mary I, 1553 File:Coat of Arms, Mol's Coffee House, Exeter - geograph.org.uk - 1066165.jpg, Arms of Elizabeth I, 1596 File:Va Company Seal.gif, Arms of James I on the seal of the

London Company The Virginia Company of London (sometimes called "London Company") was a division of the Virginia Company with responsibility for colonizing the east coast of North America between latitudes 34° and 41° N. History Origins The territory ...

File:All Saints Church - Charles I royal arms - geograph.org.uk - 1400684.jpg, Arms of Charles I File:Coat of Arms of King Charles II.jpg, Arms of Charles II, 1671, depicting the Tudor Crown after its destruction File:Jacobite broadside - Proclamation - coa.png, Arms of James II File:Royal coat of arms, Knaresborough Parish Church (29680675066).jpg, Arms of William III File:St Mary, Crundale, Kent - Royal Arms - geograph.org.uk - 1736851.jpg, Arms of Queen Anne File:St Mary's church Sparham Norfolk (1068466206).jpg, Arms of George I File:Houghton Typ 805L.46 (A) - Queen Victoria bookplate, Windsor Castle (cropped).jpg, Bookplate during the reign of Queen Victoria

Notes

References

External links

Replica
at

*
The Making of Henry VIII's Crown
' a video by Historic Royal Palaces
The Lost Crown of Henry VIII
a video by Allan Barton The Antiquary
Download a 3D digital model
at

Thingiverse Thingiverse is a website dedicated to the sharing of user-created digital design files. Providing primarily free, open-source hardware designs licensed under the GNU General Public License or Creative Commons licenses, the site allows contributor ...

* {{Royal heraldry in the United Kingdom Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom Individual crowns Crowns in heraldry Canadian heraldry National symbols of the United Kingdom Monarchy of the United Kingdom Symbols introduced in 1901 Henry VII of England Henry VIII