The Pavilion Indian Band or Ts'kw'aylaxw First Nation or Tsk'waylacw First Nation or Tsk'weylecw First Nation, and also known in the plural e.g. Ts'kw'alaxw First Nations, is a

First Nations First nations are indigenous settlers or bands. First Nations, first nations, or first peoples may also refer to: Indigenous groups *List of Indigenous peoples *First Nations in Canada, Indigenous peoples of Canada who are neither Inuit nor Mé ...

government, located in the

Fraser Canyon The Fraser Canyon is a major landform of the Fraser River where it descends rapidly through narrow rock gorges in the Coast Mountains en route from the Interior Plateau of British Columbia to the Fraser Valley. Colloquially, the term "Fraser Ca ...

region of the Central Interior of the

Canadian province Canada has ten provinces and three territories that are sub-national administrative divisions under the jurisdiction of the Constitution of Canada, Canadian Constitution. In the 1867 Canadian Confederation, three provinces of British North Amer ...

British Columbia British Columbia is the westernmost Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada. Situated in the Pacific Northwest between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains, the province has a diverse geography, with rugged landscapes that ...

. It was created when the government of the then-

Colony of British Columbia The Colony of British Columbia refers to one of two colonies of British North America, located on the Pacific coast of modern-day Canada: * Colony of British Columbia (1858–1866) * Colony of British Columbia (1866–1871) See also * History of ...

established an

Indian reserve In Canada, an Indian reserve () or First Nations reserve () is defined by the '' Indian Act'' as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty, that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band." ...

system in the 1860s. The Pavilion people are part of both the Secwepemc (Shuswap) and St'at'imc (Lillooet) Nations, and are located at

Pavilion In architecture, ''pavilion'' has several meanings; * It may be a subsidiary building that is either positioned separately or as an attachment to a main building. Often it is associated with pleasure. In palaces and traditional mansions of Asia ...

in the

north of

Lillooet Lillooet () is a district municipality in the Squamish-Lillooet region of southwestern British Columbia. The town is on the west shore of the Fraser River immediately north of the Seton River mouth. On BC Highway 99, the locality is by road abo ...

. The Pavilion Band is one of three Secwepemc bands that is not a member of either the

Shuswap Nation Tribal Council The Shuswap Nation Tribal Council is a First Nations Tribal Council in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Based in the Thompson and Shuswap Districts of the Central Interior, although including one band on the upper Columbia River in th ...

or the Northern Shuswap Tribal Council. The Pavilion people are also partly Sťáťimc (Lillooet) and belong to the

Lillooet Tribal Council The Lillooet Tribal Council is the official English name of the largest tribal council of what is also known as the St'at'imc Nation, though not including all governments of Sťáťimc, St'at'imc peoples - the term St'at'imc Nation has another cont ...

(St'at'imc Nation). In the

St'at'imcets Lillooet (; Lillooet: / , ) is a Salishan language of the Interior Salish languages, Interior branch spoken by the Stʼatʼimc in southern British Columbia, Canada, around the middle Fraser River, Fraser and Lillooet River, Lillooet Rivers. Th ...

language, Pavilion is called Ts'kw'aylacw or Ts'kw'aylaxw ("frost") (Pavilion is at a high elevation and much of the community is in shade for most of the day in winter, leading to frozen ground). The same name in the Secwepmectsin is Tsk'wéylecw. The people themselves are called the Tsk'waylacw'mc in St'at'imcets, or Tsk'weylecw'mc in Secwepmectsin.

Reserves

Indian Reserves assigned to and administered by the Pavilion Band are: * Leon Creek Indian Reserve No. 2, 472.50 ha., at the junction of

Leon Creek Leon Creek is a tributary stream of the Medina River, in Bexar County, Texas. Leon Creek has its source seven miles northeast of Leon Springs in northwestern Bexar County. The creek runs southeast through Leon Valley and the west side of the c ...

with the

Fraser River The Fraser River () is the longest river within British Columbia, Canada, rising at Fraser Pass near Blackrock Mountain (Canada), Blackrock Mountain in the Rocky Mountains and flowing for , into the Strait of Georgia just south of the City of V ...

* Leon Creek Indian Reserve No 2A, 176.40 ha., adjoining Leon Creek IR No. 2 to the south and west. * Marble Canyon Indian Reserve No. 3, 263.10 ha., on the Lillooet-Cache Creek highway (99) at the southeast end of

Marble Canyon Marble Canyon is the section of the Colorado River canyon in northern Arizona from Lee's Ferry to the confluence with the Little Colorado River, which marks the beginning of the Grand Canyon. Lee's Ferry is a common launching point for riv ...

* Pavilion Indian Reserve No. 1. 881.20 ha., at (and forming a large part of) the community of

* Pavilion Indian Reserve No. 1A, 16.20 ha., one mile up McKay Creek on the opposite (west side) of the Fraser River from Pavilion * Pavilion Indian Reserve No. 3, 245.20 ha., north of and adjoining Marble Canyon IR No. 3 * Pavilion Indian Reserve No. 4, 45.30 ha., adjoining Marble Canyon IR No. 3 * Ts'kw'alaxw Indian Reserve No. 5, 16.10 ha.. 20 km southeast of Lillooet.

Population

There are 528 registered band members, 258 of whom live off-reserve.

References

External links

Shuswap Nation websiteIndian and Northern Affairs Canada - First Nation DetailTs'kw'aylaxw First Nations homepage
{{St'at'imc First Nations St'at'imc governments Secwepemc governments First Nations governments in the Fraser Canyon Lillooet Country