Triguères () is a commune in the

Loiret Loiret (; ) is a department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of north-central France. It takes its name from the river Loiret, which is contained wholly within the department. In 2019, Loiret had a population of 680,434.

department in north-central

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan ar ...

Geography

The commune is traversed by the Ouanne River.

History

Standing on the path from

Orléans Orléans (;"Orleans"
(US) and Troyes Troyes () is a commune and the capital of the department of Aube in the Grand Est region of north-central France. It is located on the Seine river about south-east of Paris. Troyes is situated within the Champagne wine region and is near ...

- a major road from prehistoric times until the beginning of 19th century -, Triguères has provided many important prehistoric, Celtic and Roman remnants of its rich past.

Mousterian settlements

In 1922 a large

Mousterian The Mousterian (or Mode III) is an archaeological industry of stone tools, associated primarily with the Neanderthals in Europe, and to the earliest anatomically modern humans in North Africa and West Asia. The Mousterian largely defines the ...

site was discovered at ''La Garenne''. The artefacts found there, date from the end of

acheulean Acheulean (; also Acheulian and Mode II), from the French ''acheuléen'' after the type site of Saint-Acheul, is an archaeological industry of stone tool manufacture characterized by the distinctive oval and pear-shaped " hand axes" associat ...

tradition (from to y.a.) to the end of mousterian ( y.a.).''La station moustérienne de la Garenne, commune de Triguères (Loiret)''
Aurèle Chevillon, ''Bulletin de la Société préhistorique de France'', volume 47, n° 6-8, 1950, pages 372-375.

Celtic times

A Celtic oppidum over 22 acres wide stood on the hill north of the river, surveilling the « chemin Perré » ("stone path") where flint stones were used according to the Celtic method, and not stone slabs as per the Roman method.Nouvelle étude sur les ruines celtiques et gallo-romaines de la commune de Triguères
Eugène Boutet de Monvel. ''Mémoire de la Société d'Agriculture, Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts d'Orléans'', tome 7, 1863, pages 137-172

Roman period

Triguères is a choice candidate for being the ''Vellaunodunum'' mentioned by Julius Caesar's in ''

Commentarii de Bello Gallico ''Commentarii de Bello Gallico'' (; en, Commentaries on the Gallic War, italic=yes), also ''Bellum Gallicum'' ( en, Gallic War, italic=yes), is Julius Caesar's firsthand account of the Gallic Wars, written as a third-person narrative. In it ...

''.M.A. Bréan, ''Itinéraire de l'expédition de César'', 1865.Étude sur les expéditions de Jules César dans les Carnutes
Eugène Boutet de Monvel. ''Mémoire de la Société d'Agriculture, Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts d'Orléans'', tome 7, 1863, pages 5-102. The remnants of a large Gallo-Roman town were found in the 1850-1860, notably an amphitheatre,Coordinates of the amphitheatre: . It is still clearly visible in aerial photographs. Even though a house was built there, the relief of its large semi circle figure unmistakably shows on local maps with altitude lines. a cemetery in 1857,
Liliane Violas, L'Éclaireur du Gâtinais n° 2780, 11 February 1999. a source sanctuary at the moulin du Chemin in 1858,Coordinates of the moulin du Chemin: . Gallo-Roman villas at ''les Vallées'' and ''les Monts'',Coordinates of lieu-dit ''Les Vallées'': Coordinates of lieudit ''Les Monts'': a Gallo-Roman temple, an aqueduct and two public Roman baths. Greater Triguères entirely disappeared in 451 when

Attila Attila (, ; ), frequently called Attila the Hun, was the ruler of the Huns from 434 until his death in March 453. He was also the leader of a tribal empire consisting of Huns, Ostrogoths, Alans, and Bulgars, among others, in Central and ...

passed through the valley, coming from

Orléans Orléans (;"Orleans"
(US) and battle of the Catalaunian Plains The Battle of the Catalaunian Plains (or Fields), also called the Battle of the Campus Mauriacus, Battle of Châlons, Battle of Troyes or the Battle of Maurica, took place on June 20, 451 AD, between a coalition – led by the Roman general ...

. Triguères waited for six centuries to start its rebirth, and it never recovered its former splendour.

Middle Ages

Saint Alpais of Cudot and his legend precede Triguères' rebuilding, along with the Christian expansion. Saint-Martin church dates back from the end of the 11th century. The Chatelet house was built in 1550. File:Triguères-Eglise Saint Martin, Loiret, France.JPG, File:Triguères-Reliquaires église St Martin, Loiret, France.JPG,

References

; Notes ; References {{DEFAULTSORT:Trigueres Communes of Loiret Senones