The Rolls-Royce Trent 700 is a high-bypass turbofan aircraft engine produced by

Rolls-Royce plc Rolls-Royce Holdings plc is a British multinational aerospace and defence company incorporated in February 2011. The company owns Rolls-Royce, a business established in 1904 which today designs, manufactures and distributes power systems for ...

to power the

Airbus A330 The Airbus A330 is a wide-body airliner developed and produced by Airbus. Airbus began developing larger A300 derivatives in the mid–1970s, giving rise to the A330 twinjet as well as the Airbus A340 quadjet, and launched both designs along ...

. Rolls-Royce was studying a

RB211 The Rolls-Royce RB211 is a British family of high-bypass turbofan engines made by Rolls-Royce. The engines are capable of generating of thrust. The RB211 engine was the first production three-spool engine and turned Rolls-Royce from a signif ...

development for the A330 at its launch in June 1987. It was first selected by

Cathay Pacific Cathay Pacific Airways Limited, or simply Cathay Pacific, is the flag carrier of Hong Kong, with its head office and main airline hub, hub located at Hong Kong International Airport. The airline's operations and its subsidiaries have schedule ...

in April 1989, first ran in summer 1992, was certified in January 1994 and was put into service on 24 March 1995. Keeping the characteristic three-shaft architecture of the RB211, it is the first variant of the Trent family. With its fan for a 5:1

bypass ratio The bypass ratio (BPR) of a turbofan engine is the ratio between the mass flow rate of the bypass stream to the mass flow rate entering the core. A 10:1 bypass ratio, for example, means that 10 kg of air passes through the bypass duct for eve ...

, it produces of

thrust Thrust is a reaction force described quantitatively by Newton's third law. When a system expels or accelerates mass in one direction, the accelerated mass will cause a force of equal magnitude but opposite direction to be applied to that ...

and reaches an

overall pressure ratio In aeronautical engineering, overall pressure ratio, or overall compression ratio, is the amount of times the pressure increases due to ram compression and the work done by the compressor stages. The compressor pressure ratio is the ratio of the ...

of 36:1. It competes with the General Electric CF6-80E1 and the PW4000 to power the A330.

Development

When

Airbus Airbus SE ( ; ; ; ) is a Pan-European aerospace corporation. The company's primary business is the design and manufacturing of commercial aircraft but it also has separate Airbus Defence and Space, defence and space and Airbus Helicopters, he ...

launched its A330 twin-jet in June 1987, its only engine options included the General Electric CF6-80C2 and the Pratt & Whitney PW4000.

Rolls-Royce Rolls-Royce (always hyphenated) may refer to: * Rolls-Royce Limited, a British manufacturer of cars and later aero engines, founded in 1906, now defunct Automobiles * Rolls-Royce Motor Cars, the current car manufacturing company incorporated in ...

was studying whether to launch a RB211-700, development of the

for the A330, the long-range

Boeing 767 The Boeing 767 is an American wide-body airliner developed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. The aircraft was launched as the 7X7 program on July 14, 1978, the prototype first flew on September 26, 1981, and it was certified ...

and

McDonnell Douglas MD-11 The McDonnell Douglas MD-11 is an American trijet wide-body aircraft, wide-body airliner manufactured by American manufacturer McDonnell Douglas (MDC) and later by Boeing. Following McDonnell Douglas DC-10, DC-10 development studies, the MD-11 ...

, derived from the

Boeing 747-400 The Boeing 747-400 is a large, long-range wide-body airliner produced by Boeing Commercial Airplanes, an advanced variant of the initial Boeing 747. The ''Advanced Series 300'' was announced at the September 1984 Farnborough Airshow, target ...

's -524D4D, with growth potential to . By June 1988, Rolls-Royce was investing over $540 million to develop the uprated RB-211-524L with a new fan up from for the -524G/H and a fourth LP turbine stage up from three, targeting . In April 1989,

ordered ten A330s, powered by RB211-524L engines and with room to grow to , a first for Rolls-Royce on an Airbus aircraft. In June 1989, TWA confirmed an order for twenty A330s and selected the RB211-524L Trent engine for $620 million ( million each), rated for . By February 1992, design work was completed for the fan, Trent 700 and the first test was scheduled for July. By then, the earlier fan, Trent 600 for the MD-11 was abandoned due to lack of customers. By September, the first engine was running and was to be joined by five others by the end of the year. Certification was applied for on 30 June 1991 and was granted on 24 January 1994. The first Trent 700-powered A330 flew in August 1994, and Cathay Pacific introduced it in March 1995. 90-minutes

ETOPS The Extended-range Twin-engine Operations Performance Standards (ETOPS) () are safety standards set by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for Twinjet, twin-engine commercial passenger aircraft operations. They are a safety measu ...

approval was achieved in March 1995, and this was extended to 120 minutes in December 1995 and 180 minutes in May 1996. The Trent 700 was the third engine to market on the A330, after GE and PW.

Design

The Trent 700 is an axial flow,

high bypass turbofan A turbofan or fanjet is a type of airbreathing jet engine that is widely used in aircraft engine, aircraft propulsion. The word "turbofan" is a combination of references to the preceding generation engine technology of the turbojet and the add ...

with three coaxial shafts. The fan has 26 Wide Chord Blades and is powered by a 4-stage low pressure

turbine A turbine ( or ) (from the Greek , ''tyrbē'', or Latin ''turbo'', meaning vortex) is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful work. The work produced can be used for generating electrical ...

. The 8-stage IP compressor and 6-stage HP compressor are both driven by a single stage turbine, and the single annular combustor has 24 Spray Nozzles. The engine is controlled by an

EEC The European Economic Community (EEC) was a regional organisation created by the Treaty of Rome of 1957,Today the largely rewritten treaty continues in force as the ''Treaty on the functioning of the European Union'', as renamed by the Lisbo ...

Operational history

By July 1999, the Trent had secured a nearly 40% share of engine orders for the A330. In 2009, Rolls-Royce introduced an upgraded version of the engine dubbed the Trent 700EP (enhanced performance) which incorporated a package of improvements derived from later members of the Trent engine family (especially the Trent 1000). These included elliptical leading edges and optimised fan and high-pressure turbine tip clearances. Together the improvements provided a 1.2% improvement to the Trent 700's specific fuel consumption. Some of the improvements were also made available as a retro-fit kit to existing airlines. Further upgrades were announced in 2013 as part of the T700EP2 package (EIS in late 2016). The upgraded engine was to be available in 2015, intended for higher gross weight A330s. The upgrade package was to improve

fuel efficiency Fuel efficiency (or fuel economy) is a form of thermal efficiency, meaning the ratio of effort to result of a process that converts chemical energy, chemical potential energy contained in a carrier (fuel) into kinetic energy or Mechanical work, w ...

by about 1% and was likely to be the last upgrade of Trent 700. It was also potentially to be made available as a retrofit package in the future. Rolls-Royce claims that the Trent 700 has the lowest life cycle fuel burn, and is the quietest and cleanest engine available on the A330. Cathay Pacific is the largest operator, with 31 Trent 700-powered A330s. Rolls received orders for 140 of the type during the Paris Air Show in June 2007. By July 2018, the Trent 700 had flown 50 million hours and Rolls-Royce claimed a 60% market share. By June 2019, an

Aeroflot PJSC AeroflotRussian Airlines (, ), commonly known as Aeroflot ( or ; , , ), is the flag carrier and the largest airline of Russia. Aeroflot is headquartered in the Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow, with its hub being Sheremetyevo Interna ...

Airbus A330-343's Trent 700 engine which had entered service in 2008 had completed over 50,000 hours without requiring an overhaul – a record for a widebody engine.

Applications

* Airbus BelugaXL *

Airbus A330 MRTT The Airbus A330 Multi Role Tanker Transport (MRTT) is a European aerial refueling and military transport aircraft based on the civilian Airbus A330. A total of 15 countries have placed firm orders for approximately 82 aircraft, of which 64 had ...

Variants

;Trent 768-60 :Certified in January 1994, rated at for take-off. Used on the Airbus A330-341 variant. ;Trent 772-60 :Certified in March 1994, rated at for take-off. Used on the Airbus A330-342 variant. ;Trent 772B-60 :Certified in September 1997, rated at for take-off, produces additional thrust compared to the 772-60 between 610m (2,000ft) and 2440m (8,000ft). Used on the Airbus A330-243 and Airbus A330-343 variants. ;Trent 772C-60 :Certified in March 2006, rated at for take-off, produces additional thrust compared to the 772B-60 above 2440m (8,000ft). Used on the Airbus A330-243 and Airbus A330-343 variants.

Specifications (Trent 700)

References

Notes

External links

* {{Rolls-Royce plc aeroengines High-bypass turbofan engines Trent 700 1990s turbofan engines