is a

town A town is a type of a human settlement, generally larger than a village but smaller than a city. The criteria for distinguishing a town vary globally, often depending on factors such as population size, economic character, administrative stat ...

situated in Toyono District,

Osaka Prefecture is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu. Osaka Prefecture has a population of 8,778,035 () and has a geographic area of . Osaka Prefecture borders Hyōgo Prefecture to the northwest, Kyoto Prefecture to the north, Nara ...

Japan Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...

. , the town had an estimated

population Population is a set of humans or other organisms in a given region or area. Governments conduct a census to quantify the resident population size within a given jurisdiction. The term is also applied to non-human animals, microorganisms, and pl ...

of 18,377 in 8,675 households and a

population density Population density (in agriculture: Standing stock (disambiguation), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geog ...

of 540 persons per km². The total area of the town is .

Geography

Toyono is located in the northernmost tip of Osaka Prefecture, surrounded by mountains, at the point of contact between

Kyoto Prefecture is a Prefectures of Japan, prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu. Kyoto Prefecture has a population of 2,561,358 () and has a geographic area of . Kyoto Prefecture borders Fukui Prefecture to the northeast, Shiga Prefecture ...

and Kawanishi, Hyōgo. It is also called 'Osaka's Karuizawa' along with neighboring Nose due to its high elevation. Elevations range from 400 to 600 meters in the east and southeast to 300 meters in the west .The town area is divided into west and east areas by the Mount Myōken massif (660 meters) and the is no road between the west and east districts within the town borders. The main urban concentration is in the west, with train and road connections to Kawanishi and Osaka.

Adjoining municipalities

* Kameoka

Hyōgo Prefecture is a Prefectures of Japan, prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu. Hyōgo Prefecture has a population of 5,469,762 () and a geographic area of . Hyōgo Prefecture borders Kyoto Prefecture to the east, Osaka Prefecture to th ...

* Kawanishi

* Ibaraki * Minoh *

Nose A nose is a sensory organ and respiratory structure in vertebrates. It consists of a nasal cavity inside the head, and an external nose on the face. The external nose houses the nostrils, or nares, a pair of tubes providing airflow through the ...

Climate

Toyono has a

Humid subtropical climate A humid subtropical climate is a subtropical -temperate climate type, characterized by long and hot summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between ...

(Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm summers and cool winters with moderate snowfall. The average annual temperature in Toyono is 14.0 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1690 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in January, at around 25.9 °C, and lowest in January, at around 2.6 °C.

Demography

Per Japanese census data, the population of Toyono has been as follows.

History

The area of Toyono was part on ancient

Settsu Province was a province of Japan, which today comprises the southeastern part of Hyōgo Prefecture and the northern part of Osaka Prefecture. It was also referred to as or . Osaka and Osaka Castle were the main center of the province. Most of Settsu's ...

, and Nose District was separated from Kawabe District in 713 AD. During the

Edo period The , also known as the , is the period between 1600 or 1603 and 1868 in the history of Japan, when the country was under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and some 300 regional ''daimyo'', or feudal lords. Emerging from the chaos of the Sengok ...

, it was largely ''

tenryō The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. The Tokugawa shogunate was established by Tokugawa Ieyasu after victory at the Battle of Sekigahara, ending the civil war ...

'' territory under the direct control of the

Tokugawa shogunate The Tokugawa shogunate, also known as the was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. The Tokugawa shogunate was established by Tokugawa Ieyasu after victory at the Battle of Sekigahara, ending the civil wars ...

. Toyono is the origin of a cultivar of Japanese chestnut called Ginyose that is resistant to the chestnut gall wasp - it is believed to have derived from a chance chestnut seedling found in Toyono in 1750. Following the

Meiji restoration The , referred to at the time as the , and also known as the Meiji Renovation, Revolution, Regeneration, Reform, or Renewal, was a political event that restored Imperial House of Japan, imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji. Althoug ...

, Nose District and Teshima District were merged to form Toyono District, Osaka and the area was divided into villages with the creation of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889. including the village of Higashinose (東能勢村). Higashinose was elevated to town status on April 1, 1977 and renamed Toyono.

Government

Toyono has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a

unicameral Unicameralism (from ''uni''- "one" + Latin ''camera'' "chamber") is a type of legislature consisting of one house or assembly that legislates and votes as one. Unicameralism has become an increasingly common type of legislature, making up nearly ...

Nose council of 12 members. Toyono, collectively with the town of Nose and city of Minoh, contributes one member to the Osaka Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the town is part of the Osaka 9th district of the

lower house A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where the other chamber is the upper house. Although styled as "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power or otherwise e ...

of the

Diet of Japan , transcription_name = ''Kokkai'' , legislature = 215th Session of the National Diet , coa_pic = Flag of Japan.svg , house_type = Bicameral , houses = , foundation=29 November 1890(), leader1_type ...

Neighborhoods (by zip code)

West

* Yoshikawa 563-0101 * Tokiwadai 563-0102 * Higashi-Tokiwadai 563-0103 * Kofudai 563-0104 * Shinkofudai 563-0105 * Honotani 563-0100

East

* Yono 563-0219 * Nomaguchi 563-0218 * Maki 563-0211 * Kirihata 563-0213 * Terada 563-0212 * Kawashiri 563-0217 * Kishiro 563-0215 * Kibogaoka 563-0214

Southeast

* Takayama 563-0216

Economy

Forestry, agriculture, and food processing are the main industries in Toyono, but material storage sites and industrial waste disposal sites are also present in the east, whereas the west is increasing a

commuter town A commuter town is a populated area that is primarily residential rather than commercial or industrial. Routine travel from home to work and back is called commuting, which is where the term comes from. A commuter town may be called by many o ...

for the Greater Osaka metropolitan area.

Education

Toyono has four public elementary schools and two public junior high schools operated by the town government. The town does not have a high school.

Transportation

Railway

Nose Electric Railway - Myōken Line * - -

Highways

Shin-Meishin Expressway The or simply ''Shin-Meishin'' for short is an expressway, linking Mie prefecture to Hyōgo Prefecture, which is partially open and partially under construction. The expressways current length as of February 2008 is 49.7 km. It connects t ...

* *

References

External links

*
Toyono official website

Towns in Osaka Prefecture Toyono, Osaka {{Osaka-geo-stub