TOROS artillery rocket system (; , lit. " Gunner") is a Turkish

rocket artillery Rocket artillery is artillery that uses rockets as the projectile. The use of rocket artillery dates back to medieval China where devices such as fire arrows were used (albeit mostly as a psychological weapon). Fire arrows were also used in mult ...

multiple rocket launcher A multiple rocket launcher (MRL) or multiple launch rocket system (MLRS) is a type of rocket artillery system that contains multiple rocket launcher, launchers which are fixed to a single weapons platform, platform, and shoots its rocket (weapon ...

system that has been developed in both 230 and 260 mm calibre. The system was developed by TÜBİTAK-SAGE, and is used by the

Turkish Army The Turkish Land Forces () is the main branch of the Turkish Armed Forces responsible for Army, land-based military operations. The army was formed on November 8, 1920, after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. Significant campaigns since the ...

. The larger calibre rockets have a maximum range of deliver a high-explosive fragmentation

warhead A warhead is the section of a device that contains the explosive agent or toxic (biological, chemical, or nuclear) material that is delivered by a missile, rocket (weapon), rocket, torpedo, or bomb. Classification Types of warheads include: *E ...

containing 30,000 steel balls. It is developed by the Turkish Defense Industry.

Description

This system is in general copy of

Military Technical Institute Belgrade Military Technical Institute (; abbr. ) is a Serbian weapons and aircraft design institute, headquartered in Belgrade, and governed by the Ministry of Defence (Serbia), Serbian Ministry of Defence. It is a top-level military scientific research ...

M-87 Orkan The M-87 Orkan (from ) is a Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslav fully automated Self-propelled artillery, self-propelled multiple rocket launcher. The generic M-87 project was configured with 12 launch tubes mounted on a Fabrika au ...

with some minor modification in rocket design, different fuel for rocket and tubes. It is developed through

reverse engineering Reverse engineering (also known as backwards engineering or back engineering) is a process or method through which one attempts to understand through deductive reasoning how a previously made device, process, system, or piece of software accompl ...

and plans obtained for Orkan M-87 including launcher M-87 and rocket 262mm used in that process all obtained from BNT Bratstvo

Novi Travnik Novi Travnik (Serbian Cyrillic: Нови Травник) is a city located in the Central Bosnia Canton within the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of the 2013 census, it had a population of 9,008, while the entire municipality had 23,832 ...

from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sage is also known for reverse engineering of

M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System The M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System (M270 MLRS) is an American armored self-propelled multiple launch rocket system. The U.S. Army variant of the M270 is based on the chassis of the Bradley Fighting Vehicle. The first M270s were delivere ...

227mm rocket under designation SAGE 227 a program started because the United States' reluctancy to share technology with Turkey. 230mm rocket is continuation of SAGE 227 rocket program and 260mm rocket is based on 262mm Orkan M-87 rockets. The 230 mm calibre system consists of six TOROS-230 unguided medium range

rocket A rocket (from , and so named for its shape) is a vehicle that uses jet propulsion to accelerate without using any surrounding air. A rocket engine produces thrust by reaction to exhaust expelled at high speed. Rocket engines work entirely ...

s in a disposable launcher pod. The 260 mm calibre system consists of four TOROS-260 rockets in a disposable launcher pod. The launcher vehicle is designed to accept two TOROS-230 or TOROS-260 launcher pods. Both rockets use an HTPB/AP solid propellent, and are stabilised in flight by four wrap-around fins. Sabots are fitted to the front of the rocket which fall away shortly after launch. Both rockets use a fin detent system to reduce wind dispersion, and are reported as having a dispersion of between one and two percent of their range. A variety of warheads have been proposed for the system including the basic blast fragmentation warhead, an electronic warfare warhead and a bunker busting warhead. The launcher pods and advanced fire control system enable fast supply, loading, unloading, positioning and orientation operations. The unloading and reloading operations for two launch pods can be completed in less than twelve minutes. The system can be moved into position, oriented to target, and fired, all without the crew leaving the armoured cab. The launcher has a crew of three, but can be operated by a single person if needed. Dispersion is reduced by helical rails which provide high roll rate during launch. The system consists of four vehicles: * Launcher vehicle 6×6 * Logistics vehicle 6×6 * Maintenance vehicle 6×6 * Fire Command-Control vehicle 4×4

Specifications

References

{{Reflist * ''Jane's Armour and Artillery 2005-2006''

External links

TUBITAK-SAGE
Self-propelled rocket launchers Self-propelled artillery of Turkey 230 mm artillery 260 mm artillery Multiple rocket launchers

Description

Specifications

See also

References

External links