Toby Caulfeild, 1st Baron Caulfeild of Charlemont (1565–1627), was an English army officer active in Ireland.

Life

He was born on 2 December 1565 the son of Alexander Caulfeild of

Great Milton Great Milton is a village and Civil parishes in England, civil parish in Oxfordshire, about east of Oxford. The United Kingdom Census 2011, 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 1,042. The School Great Milton church of England primar ...

Oxfordshire Oxfordshire ( ; abbreviated ''Oxon'') is a ceremonial county in South East England. The county is bordered by Northamptonshire and Warwickshire to the north, Buckinghamshire to the east, Berkshire to the south, and Wiltshire and Glouceste ...

. As a youth, he served under

Martin Frobisher Sir Martin Frobisher (; – 22 November 1594) was an English sailor and privateer who made three voyages to the New World looking for the North-west Passage. He probably sighted Resolution Island near Labrador in north-eastern Canada, before ...

, and then under Lord Howard of Effingham. He was also with the 2nd Earl of Essex at the

capture of Cadiz Capture may refer to: Arts and entertainment * "Capture", a song by Simon Townshend * Capture (band), an Australian electronicore band previously known as Capture the Crown * ''Capture'' (TV series), a reality show Television episodes * "Chapter ...

, 21 June 1596. Castel Caulfield Ruins

In 1598 Caulfeild accompanied the Earl of Essex to Ireland, in command of a troop of horse, and was for a time stationed at

Newry Newry (; ) is a City status in Ireland, city in Northern Ireland, standing on the Newry River, Clanrye river in counties County Down, Down and County Armagh, Armagh. It is near Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border, the border with the ...

. In 1601, under Lord Mountjoy, he took part in the recapture of

Kinsale Kinsale ( ; ) is a historic port and fishing town in County Cork, Ireland. Located approximately south of Cork (city), Cork City on the southeast coast near the Old Head of Kinsale, it sits at the mouth of the River Bandon, and has a populatio ...

from the Spanish invaders. Mountjoy left Caulfeild in charge of a bridge built by him over the River Blackwater, in command of 150 men, where the fort erected for its protection was called Charlemont. After the accession of

James I of England James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 unti ...

, Caulfeild was knighted. After the

Flight of the Earls On 14 September ld Style and New Style dates, O.S. 4 September1607, Irish earls Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, and Rory O'Donnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell, permanently departed Rathmullan in Ireland for mainland Europe, accompanied by their fa ...

of 1607, he was appointed receiver of the rents of

Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone (; – 20 July 1616) was an Irish lord and key figure of the Nine Years' War. Known as the "Great Earl", he led the confederacy of Irish lords against the English Crown in resistance to the Tudor conquest of Ir ...

until 1610. On the division of the estates, Caulfeild received a grant of a thousand acres on which he built a now ruined house,

Castle Caulfield Castle Caulfield is a large ruined house situated in Castlecaulfield, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. The house was built for Sir Toby Caulfield between 1611 and 1619. He was granted 1,000 acres at the start of the Plantation of Ulster. Th ...

. He had, in 1608, been appointed to the command of the upper part of Tyrone and of

Armagh Armagh ( ; , , " Macha's height") is a city and the county town of County Armagh, in Northern Ireland, as well as a civil parish. It is the ecclesiastical capital of Ireland – the seat of the Archbishops of Armagh, the Primates of All ...

. On 17 April 1613 he was named a privy councillor, and the same year he was chosen knight of the shire for

County Armagh County Armagh ( ) is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland and one of the traditional thirty-two counties of Ireland. It is located in the Provinces of Ireland, province of Ulster and adjoins the southern shore of Lough Neagh. It borders t ...

in the Irish Parliament. On 19 February 1615 he was made master of the ordnance and on 10 May of the same year one of the council for the

province of Munster Munster ( or ) is the largest of the four provinces of Ireland, located in the south west of the island. In early Ireland, the Kingdom of Munster was one of the kingdoms of Gaelic Ireland ruled by a "king of over-kings" (). Following the No ...

. Subsequently, he was appointed a member of the commission for the parcelling out of

escheat Escheat () is a common law doctrine that transfers the real property of a person who has died without heirs to the crown or state. It serves to ensure that property is not left in "limbo" without recognized ownership. It originally applied t ...

ed (confiscated) lands. In consideration of his services to the crown, Caulfeild was created Baron Charlemont and, as he had not married, the succession of the honour was granted to his nephew, Sir William Caulfeild, son of his brother James. He died on 17 August 1627, and was buried in

Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin Christ Church Cathedral, more formally The Cathedral of the Holy Trinity (Irish: ''Ardeaglais Theampall Chríost''), is the cathedral of the Diocese of Dublin and Glendalough, United Dioceses of Dublin and Glendalough and the cathedral of the e ...

Notes

;Attribution {{DEFAULTSORT:Caulfeild, Toby 1565 births 1627 deaths

Toby Toby is a given name in many English-speaking world, English speaking countries. The name is derived the Middle English vernacular form of Tobias. Tobias itself is the Greek transliteration of the Hebrew טוביה ''Toviah'', which translates t ...

English army officers Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Armagh constituencies Barons in the Peerage of Ireland Peers of Ireland created by James I People from Oxfordshire (before 1974)