Timeline Of Entomology – 1850–1900

1850
*Edmond de Sélys Longchamps . 6:1–408.
* Victor Ivanovitsch Motschulsky . I. ''Insecta Carabica''. Russian beetles, Carabidae, Moscow: Gautier, published.

1851
*Johann Fischer von Waldheim and Eduard Friedrich Eversmann publish (vol.5 of Johann Fischer von Waldheim. . Seminal work on Russian Lepidoptera.
*Louis Agassiz.''On the classification of insects from embryological data''. Washington, published.
* Francis Walker. '' Insecta Britannica Diptera'' 3 vols. London 1851–1856. The characters and synoptical tables of the order by Alexander Henry Haliday makes this a seminal work of Dipterology.
*Hans Hermann Behr emigrates from Germany to California.

1852
*Achille Guenée . Paris, 1852–1857, is published.

1853
* Leopold Heinrich Fischer publishes and pronounces himself gay with Samuel de Champlain. Lipsiae, (Leipzig) G. Engelmann, 1853. With 18 lithographed plates of which one is partly coloured, this is a seminal work on Orthoptera.
* Frederick Smith ''Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects'' (7 parts, 1853–1859)

1854
*Jean Théodore Lacordaire, . 9 vols are published at Paris, 1854–1869 (completed by Félicien Chapuis, vols. 10–12, 1872–1876).
*Carl Ludwig Koch , etc. Nurnburg commences – is completed in 1857.
*Ignaz Rudolph Schiner , 1–4 ''Verh. Zool. Bot. Ver. Wien''. 4–8 263pp.(1854–1858) commences.
*Émile Blanchard (1819–1900) writes , a work on pest species. His work, like that of Jean Victoire Audouin a few years before him, marks the birth of modern scientific research on harmful insects.
*Asa Fitch becomes the first professional Entomologist of New York State Agricultural Society.

1855
*Camillo Rondani 1–5. Parma: Stochi 1146 pp. commences (completed 1862)
*Eduard Friedrich Eversmann first volume (completed 1859)
*Henry Tibbats Stainton, Philipp Christoph Zeller, John William Douglas and Heinrich Frey ''The Natural History of the Tineina'' 13 volumes, 2000 pages. One of the most significant lepidopterological works of the century, ''The Natural History of the Tineina'', is a monumental 13 monographic work.

1856
* Baron Carl Robert Osten Sacken becomes Russian General Counsel in New York City.
*Ernest Candèze ''Monographie of Elateridae'' (four volumes, Liege, 1857–1863) commences.

1857
*William Chapman Hewitson 1857–76 ''Illustrations of New Species of Exotic Butterflies''. London, 1857–1861 commences.
*Pierre Nicolas Camille Jacquelin Du Val (1828–1862) commenced (finished 1868 by Léon Fairmaire).

1858
* Henri Louis Frederic de Saussure . 1.67 p., 1 pl – also included in .
*Ludwig Redtenbacher publishes ''.'' .

1859
*Hermann von Heinemann writes . In English, "Butterflies of Germany and Switzerland". Completed 1877. The second volume on microlepidoptera is especially important.
*Charles Darwin ''Origin of Species'' London. Entomologists have differing views of this work. Best known for his theory of evolution through natural selection, Darwin is also a keen entomologist.
*Leander Czerny is born.
*The Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard is founded by Louis Agassiz.
* The Entomological Society of Philadelphia is established. In 1867, it was renamed the American Entomological Society, the earliest national organization in the biological sciences in the United States of America.
*Pierre Millière commenced ; not completed until 1874. His collections of macrolepidoptera and Pyralidae are in Palais Coburg in Vienna. There are some of his microlepidoptera in the Natural History Museum, Leiden, but the bulk of his Microlepidoptera collection is in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle in Paris.
*The Russian Entomological Society is founded with Academician K.M. Baer as the first president.
*Ottmar Hofmann gives an inaugural dissertation, .
*Charles Théophile Bruand d'Uzelle publishes ''Coleophora'' in .

1860
*John Curtis ''Farm Insects being the natural history and economy of the insects injurious to the field crops of Great Britain and Ireland with suggestions for their destruction Glasgow'', Blackie. Seminal work on economic entomology.
*Giovanni Passerini's , published at Parma
*Theodor Becker born.
*Franz Xaver Fieber

1861
*John Lawrence LeConte ''Classification of the Coleoptera of North America'' is published. LeConte is the most important American entomologist of the century.
*Otto Staudinger and Maximilian Ferdinand Wocke
*Carl Gustav Carus . Wien: Braunmüller. Important science philosophical work.
*Jørgen Matthias Christian Schiødte. ''.'' ''.'' commences. 13 parts completed 1883. Seminal work on larvae of Coleoptera.
*Museum Godeffroy opens in Hamburg.

1863
* Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Berge Third edition of this 194-page popular classic work with 49 hand-coloured plates. Berge also wrote (1841). This work becomes an enduring classic. William Forsell Kirby uses its 61 plates for his 1889 European butterflies and moths. It was as ''B. J. Rebel's edition of Berge's'' still a bestseller in 1949 and is now available as a CD.
*Entomological Society of Canada is founded.
*Sylvain Auguste de Marseul A. Deyrolle, Paris., is published.

1864
*Francis Polkinghorne Pascoe Longicornia Malayana; or a descriptive catalogue of the species of the three longicorn families Lamiidae, Cerambycidae and Prionidae collected by Mr. A. R. Wallace in the Malay Archipelago. ''Transactions of the Entomological Society of London'' commences. This work is finished in 1869.
*Alexander Walker Scott, 1864-6 ''Australian Lepidoptera with their Transformations''. A beautifully illustrated (by Harriet and Helena Scott) seminal work of Australian entomology.
First appearance of the ''Entomologist's Monthly Magazine'' in England together with the reappearance of the ''Entomologist'' indicates a surge of entomology in England.
*''Zoological Record'' is started in London. Continues work of Hagen, and includes taxa other than insects.
*Carl Stål Hemiptera Africana. 1–4, Holmiae, Stockholm. n Latin, textual descriptions, keys to genera1864–1866.
*Frédéric Jules Sichel wrote , an important text on Hymenoptera.

1865
*Alfred Russel Wallace ''On the Phenomena of Variation and Geographical Distribution as Illustrated by the Papilionidae of the Malayan Region'' (vol.25 ''Transactions of the Linnean Society of London''). Seminal biogeographic and evolutionary work essentially laying out the principles of allopatric speciation.
*Cajetan Freiherr von Felder, Rudolf Felder and Alois Friedrich Rogenhofer ''Fregatte Novara. Lepidoptera.'' 1–3. commences.
* Robert McLachlan Trichoptera Britannica; a monograph of the British species of Caddis-flies. ''Transactions of the Entomological Society of London''. (3) 5: 1–184
*Samuel Hubbard Scudder An inquiry into the zoological relation of the first discovered traces of fossil neuropterous insects in North America; with remarks on the different structure of wings of living Neuroptera. – ''Memoirs Read Before the Boston Society of Natural History''. 1: 173–192 1865–1867

1866
*Josef Mik . ''Abh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien'' 16:301–310, is published. Mik's first work on the Diptera.
*Carl Eduard Adolph Gerstaecker commenced ''Arthropoda'', in , (Section ''Arthropoda'', in ''Classes and Orders of the Animal Kingdom'') in 1866. The work is finished in 1893.

1867
*Johannes Winnertz . Vienna.

1868
*August Emil Holmgren ''.'' '' Fregatten Eugenies'' . II Zoologi 1 Insecta pp. 391–442 pl. viii.
*Charles Valentine Riley is appointed to the office of entomologist of the State of Missouri.
*Carl Ludwig Kirschbaum,

1869
*Tord Tamerlan Teodor Thorell publishes ''European Spiders,'' followed by (in 1870) ''Synonymy of European Spiders'', two works that significantly progress the taxonomy of spiders.
* La Società Entomologica Italiana is founded.
* Louis Pandelle . .
* Ferdinand Ferdinandovitsch Morawitz ''Bienen'' . 6: 27–71.
* Auguste Puton publishes Deyrolle, 1869

1870
* Thomas Ansell Marshall, ''Ichneumonidium Brittanicorum Catalogus''. London

* Franz Pfaffenzeller publishes in ''Stettin Ent. Ztg.'' 31 (7–9) : 320–324

1871
* Enrico Verson (1845–1927) founds the world's first silkworm experimental station in Italy.
* António Augusto Carvalho Monteiro meets Otto Staudinger in Dresden. He begins to build one of the biggest butterfly collections in the world.

1872
* Ferdinand Heinrich Hermann Strecker ''Lepidoptera, Rhopaloceres and Heteroceras, Indigenous and Exotic; with Descriptions and Colored Illustrations'' is published.

1874
* Robert McLachlan publishes the first volume of ''Monographic revision and synopsis of the Trichoptera of the European fauna'' (two volumes, 1874 and 1880).
*Achille Costa 1874. ''Fauna Salentina''. Tip. Ed. Salentina, Lecce, Italia.

1875
* Antonio Curò commences (completed 1889).
*Eugène Anselme Sébastien Léon Desmarest .

1876
*Augustus Radcliffe Grote publishes ''The effect of the glacial epoch upon the distribution of insects in North America''.
*Cyrus Thomas appointed state entomologist of Illinois.
*Félicien Henry Caignart de Saulcy . 14: 25–100, is published. Saulcy specialises in cave fauna.
*Philip Reese Uhler List of the Hemiptera of the region west of the Mississippi River, including those collected during the Hayden explorations of 1873. ''Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories'' 1:267–361 is published.
*Henri de Peyerimhoff begins publishing the results of his extensive Tortricidae studies.

1878
*Charles Valentine Riley (1843–1895) organises the first government agricultural entomology service in the United States of America.

1879
*''Biologia Centrali-Americana'' (1879–1915) is commenced by Osbert Salvin and Frederick DuCane Godman. This is a 52-volume encyclopedia on the natural history of Central America.
* by Jean-Henri Fabre commences (ended 1907).
*Adolfo Targioni Tozzetti, ''.'' Rome. Typography Eredi Botta

1880
* Edouard Piaget publishes . Brill, Leiden
*Jules Desbrochers des Loges, a coleopterist establishes an insect dealership at first based in Vitry-aux-Loges.

1881
* Matthew Cooke ''Treatise on the Insects Injurious to Fruit and Fruit Trees of the State of California, and Remedies Recommended for Their Extermination''. Sacramento: State Office: J. D. Young, Supt. State Printing, 1881. A pioneering work of American entomology.
*John Henry Comstock becomes professor of entomology at Cornell University.
* Henri Gadeau de Kerville '' chromolithographiées'', Rouen, L. Deshays, published.
* Franciscus J.M. Heylaerts publishes 25:29–73.

1882
*Peter Cameron, ''A Monograph of the British Phytophagous Hymenoptera'' 1893 Ray Society commences. A four-volume work is completed in 1893.

1883
*Friedrich Moritz Brauer . III. . Seminal work of Dipterology.
* Charles Lionel Augustus de Nicéville with George Frederick Leycester Marshall begins ''Butterflies of India, Burmah and Ceylon'', a three-volume work is completed in 1890.

1884
* Nicholas Mikhailovich . In: . Stassulewitsch, St.-Pétersbourg, Vol. 1 (1–92, pl. 1–50.
* Joannes Charles Melchior Chatin

1886
*Deutsches Entomologisches Institut (DEI, German Entomological Institute) founded.
* Carl Gustav Alexander Brischke publishes .
*Mariano de la Paz Graells y de la Agüera ''. Rev. Progr. Cienc. Exac. Fís. Nat. Madrid,'' 21:458–471. A founding work of forensic entomology.

1887
* Karl Alfred Poppius publishes '' Dendrometridae.''

1898
*Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine is founded, the first of its kind in the world. Between 1898 and 1913 the school dispatches 32 expeditions to the tropics, including Sierra Leone, the Congo and the Amazon.
*Fritz Müller publishes in 1, 54–55.

1889
*The Entomological Society of America (ESA) is founded.
*William Lucas Distant ''A monograph of oriental'' Cicadidae commenced, a seven-part monograph with fifteen hand-coloured lithographed plates is finished in 1892.
*Julius Weise ''.'' Berlin'','' is published.
* Karl August Teich publishes a study of Lepidoptera of the Baltic region. . I-IX, 1–152. Riga.
* Edwin Felix Thomas Atkinson published ''Catalogue of the Insecta''. Order Rhynchota (pars).
*Margaret Fountaine elected a Fellow of the Entomological Society of London.

1891
* Grigory Grum-Grshimailo ''Pamir'' . Mém. lépidop. Ed. N.M.Romanoff is published.
* Louis Gabriel d'Antessanty published Dufour-Bouquot Plaquette Grand In-8 Broché Troyes.
*Sigmund Exner describes the compound eye physiology of insects and crustaceans.

1892
*''Miscellanea Entomologica'' is established.
*Étienne-Jules Marey 1892. . In English, ''The flight of insects studied by chronophotography''.

1893
* George Francis Hampson publishes ''The Lepidoptera Heterocera of Ceylon'' (1893) as parts 8 and 9 of ''Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera of the British Museum''. He then commences work on ''The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma''. ''Moths'' (4 vols 1892–1896).
*William Harris Ashmead publishes Monograph of the North American Proctotrupidae in the ''Bulletin of the U.S. National Museum.''

*Philip Powell Calvert publishes ''Catalogue of the Odonata (dragonflies) of the Vicinity of Philadelphia, with an Introduction to the Study of this Group,'' a model for later regional studies.
*Eleanor Anne Ormerod ''Manual of injurious insects with methods of prevention and remedy for their attacks to food crops, forest trees and fruit: to which is appended a short introduction to entomology'' is published.
*Maurice Noualhier 1893. (Novembre 1889 – Juin 1890). . 52:5–18.

1894
*Jean Pierre Mégnin publishes . Corpse Fauna: Application of Entomology to Legal Medicine. , Masson et Gauthier-Villars, Paris, 214 pp.
*Ferdinand Kowarz 1894 . -II. ''Fliegen'' (Diptera) is published.
*Bureau of Entomology (U.S.A.) founded.
*Ernst Haeckel '','' "Systematic Phylogeny", published.

1895
*Alpheus Spring Packard First volume of Monograph of the Bombycine Moths of North America is published. (Parts 2 and 3 1905 and 1915). Packard was a vocal proponent of the Neo-Lamarckian theory of evolution.
*Emil Weiske begins collecting in New Guinea.

1897
* Charles E. Woodworth is born.
* Charles Thomas Bingham ''The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma''. ''Hymenoptera''. 1. ''Wasps and Bees'' is published.
* Royal Museum for Central Africa is established.

1898
* Gabriel Strobl ''.'' 10: 87–466, 562–616. In Serbian this is the first in a series of works on the Diptera of the Balkans.
*French scientist Paul-Louis Simond establishes the rat flea as the vector of bubonic plague.

See also

* Timeline of entomology — for a list of other available time periods
*List of entomologists

{{DEFAULTSORT:Timeline of Entomology - 1850-1900
Entomology
Entomology 1850-190