In
human sexuality
Human sexuality is the way people experience and express themselves sexually. This involves biological, psychological, physical, erotic, emotional, social, or spiritual feelings and behaviors. Because it is a broad term, which has varied ...
, a threesome is "a sexual interaction between three people whereby at least one engages in physical sexual behaviour with both the other individuals".
While the term ''threesome'' typically refers to sexual activity involving three participants,
it has at times been used to refer to a long-term domestic relationship, such as
polyamory
Polyamory () is the practice of, or the desire for, romantic relationships with more than one partner at the same time, with the informed consent of all partners involved. Some people who identify as polyamorous believe in consensual non-mon ...
or a
ménage à trois
A () is a domestic arrangement or committed relationship consisting of three people in polyamorous romantic or sexual relations with each other, and often dwelling together. The phrase is a loan from French meaning "household of three". ...
.
A threesome is a form of
group sex
Group sex is sexual activity involving more than two people. Participants in group sex can be of any sexual orientation or gender. Any form of sexual activity can be adopted to involve more than two participants, but some forms have their own na ...
that typically occurs in private settings, such as spontaneous sexual activity among three friends or in the context of
casual sex
Casual sex is sexual activity that takes place outside a romantic relationship and implies an absence of commitment, emotional attachment, or familiarity between sexual partners. Examples are sexual activity while casually dating, one-nig ...
or a
hook up. A threesome may occur in specific contexts or environments that allow for sex, such as
swingers events,
orgies, or
sex parties. Threesomes are a common element of
sexual fantasy
A sexual fantasy, or erotic fantasy, is an Autoeroticism, autoerotic mental image or pattern of thought that stirs a person's Human sexuality, sexuality and can create or enhance sexual arousal. A sexual Fantasy (psychology), fantasy can be crea ...
, and are widely depicted in
pornography
Pornography (colloquially called porn or porno) is Sexual suggestiveness, sexually suggestive material, such as a picture, video, text, or audio, intended for sexual arousal. Made for consumption by adults, pornographic depictions have evolv ...
.
Types
The people in a threesome may be of any
gender
Gender is the range of social, psychological, cultural, and behavioral aspects of being a man (or boy), woman (or girl), or third gender. Although gender often corresponds to sex, a transgender person may identify with a gender other tha ...
and
sexual orientation
Sexual orientation is an enduring personal pattern of romantic attraction or sexual attraction (or a combination of these) to persons of the opposite sex or gender, the same sex or gender, or to both sexes or more than one gender. Patterns ar ...
. Each participant may engage in any type of sex act with one or both of the others, such as
vaginal,
anal,
oral
The word oral may refer to:
Relating to the mouth
* Relating to the mouth, the first portion of the alimentary canal that primarily receives food and liquid
**Oral administration of medicines
** Oral examination (also known as an oral exam or ora ...
, or
manual sex. One or more of the participants may engage in
autoerotic sexual activity, such as
masturbation
Masturbation is a form of autoeroticism in which a person Sexual stimulation, sexually stimulates their own Sex organ, genitals for sexual arousal or other sexual pleasure, usually to the point of orgasm. Stimulation may involve the use of han ...
, possibly without physical contact with the other participants. It is a matter of subjective definition whether participation of a third person without physical contact constitutes a threesome and this sort of sexual activity might instead be interpreted as
voyeurism or
cuckolding or
cuckqueaning.
Troilism is a term that encompasses both threesomes and cuckoldry, although its usage across literature is inconsistent.
Threesomes are sometimes described using shorthand to refer to who was involved in the threesome e.g. MMF (male, male, female); FFM (female, female, male); MMM (male, male, male); FFF (female, female, female).
''Sandwich'' is slang for a person performing both receptive and insertive anal and/or vaginal sex simultaneously during a threesome, being positioned between the two partners.
Academic research
The first major academic work to address threesomes specifically was published in 1988, called: ''Threesomes: Studies in Sex, Power, and Intimacy'' by
Arno Karlen. In the work, drawing mainly from interview data, Karlen outlined how threesomes were often viewed as qualitatively different to other forms of group sex. Other notable findings include that threesomes were often viewed by women as a safe way to explore their sexuality; they often consisted of a couple joined by a third person; and that the third person was not necessarily viewed or treated equally. Karlen also suggested that the societal view of threesomes cast those who engaged in them as radically different to other members of society:
''There is a common tendency to think of people who have been in threesomes as alien beings. Like swingers, homosexuals and others who deviate from basic sexual norms, they seem to many to have entered another social, psychological, and moral sphere.''
Research exploring rates of threesome engagement suggest that men have both higher levels of interest and participation in threesomes. One study soliciting responses to a sex survey via a British newspaper in 1987 found that 34% of 1,862 men, and 15% of 2,905 women had experience of a threesome. From a nationally representative sample in the US in 2017, 34.1% of men and 11.1% of women found a threesome to be at least somewhat appealing and 18% of men and 10% of women had engaged in one.
Sex positions
A threesome may involve various
sex positions, for example:
File:Kylix - ceramic - 1.jpg, Three young men in an unusual position
File:A man enjoying an erotic dalliance with two boys, seated on Wellcome V0047309.jpg, A man and two male youths (Chinese)
File:Miyagawa Chosun - Nanshoku 05.jpg, A man and two male youths (Japanese)
File:KamaSutra37.jpg, Threesome involving double penetration
File:KamaSutra43.jpg, Threesome involving two women and a man
File:Wiki-gangbang.png, Seedfeeder's illustration of a threesome involving two men and a woman
File:Wiki-FMF-threesome.png, Seedfeeder's illustration of a threesome involving two women and a man
File:Édouard-Henri Avril (29).jpg, Threesome involving two men and a woman, Édouard-Henri Avril
Édouard-Henri Avril (; 21 May 1849 – 28 July 1928) was a French painter and commercial artist. Under the pseudonym Paul Avril, he was an illustrator of erotic literature.
Avril was a soldier before starting his career in art; he was awarded ...
In popular culture
Threesome scenes are featured in various films and TV series, including ''
Summer Lovers'' (1982), ''
Threesome'' (1994), ''
Wild Things'' (1998), ''
American Psycho
''American Psycho'' is a black comedy horror novel by American writer Bret Easton Ellis, published in 1991. The story is told in the First-person narrative, first-person by Patrick Bateman, a wealthy, narcissistic, and vain Manhattan investmen ...
'' (2000),
''
Zoolander'' (2001), ''
Y Tu Mamá También
''Y tu mamá también'' (Spanish for ''And Your Mother Too'') is a 2001 Mexican Coming-of-age story, coming-of-age comedy drama Road movie, road film directed by Alfonso Cuarón, who co-wrote the script with his brother Carlos Cuarón, Carlos. I ...
'' (2001), ''
Ken Park'' (2002), ''
The Dreamers'' (2003), ''
Kiss Me Again'' (2006), ''
Shortbus'' (2006), ''
Vicky Cristina Barcelona'' (2008), ''
Shame
Shame is an unpleasant self-conscious emotion often associated with negative self-evaluation; motivation to quit; and feelings of pain, exposure, distrust, powerlessness, and worthlessness.
Definition
Shame is a discrete, basic emotion, d ...
'' (2011), ''
21 Jump Street
''21 Jump Street'' is an American police procedural drama television series created by Patrick Hasburgh and Stephen J. Cannell for the Fox Broadcasting Company. It aired from April 12, 1987 to April 27, 1991, spanning 103 episodes over five s ...
'' (2012), ''
On the Road
''On the Road'' is a 1957 novel by American writer Jack Kerouac, based on the travels of Kerouac and his friends across the United States. It is considered a defining work of the postwar Beat and Counterculture generations, with its protagoni ...
'' (2012), ''
Savages'' (2012), ''
Spring Breakers'' (2012), ''
Knock Knock'' (2015), ''
Love
Love is a feeling of strong attraction and emotional attachment (psychology), attachment to a person, animal, or thing. It is expressed in many forms, encompassing a range of strong and positive emotional and mental states, from the most su ...
'' (2015).
See also
*
Adultery
Adultery is extramarital sex that is considered objectionable on social, religious, moral, or legal grounds. Although the sexual activities that constitute adultery vary, as well as the social, religious, and legal consequences, the concept ...
*
Bigamy
In a culture where only monogamous relationships are legally recognized, bigamy is the act of entering into a marriage with one person while still legally married to another. A legal or de facto separation of the couple does not alter their mar ...
*
Bisexuality
Bisexuality is romantic attraction, sexual attraction, or Human sexual activity, sexual behavior toward both males and females. It may also be defined as the attraction to more than one gender, to people of both the same and different gender, ...
*
Compersion
*
Foursome
*
Open marriage
*
Orgy
*
Polygamy
Polygamy (from Late Greek , "state of marriage to many spouses") is the practice of marriage, marrying multiple spouses. When a man is married to more than one wife at the same time, it is called polygyny. When a woman is married to more tha ...
References
Bibliography
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External links
{{Authority control
3 (number)
Group sex
Sex positions
Pornography terminology
Trios