Thomas Burgh, 1st Baron Burgh of Gainsborough, ( ; also spelt Borough; – 28 February 1550), ''

de jure In law and government, ''de jure'' (; ; ) describes practices that are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality. The phrase is often used in contrast with '' de facto'' ('from fa ...

'' 5th

Baron Strabolgi Baron Strabolgi (pronounced "Strabogie") is a title in the Peerage of England supposedly created in 1318 for Scottish lord David of Strathbogie, 10th Earl of Atholl. Despite lack of evidence supporting its existence, it was called out of abeyan ...

and 7th

Baron Cobham The title Baron Cobham has been created numerous times in the Peerage of England; often multiple creations have been extant simultaneously, especially in the fourteenth century. The earliest creation was in 1313 for Henry de Cobham, 1st Baron ...

of Sterborough, was an English peer. In 1513 he was knighted on Flodden Field, where he was one of the King's Spears, a bodyguard of

King Henry VIII Henry VIII (28 June 149128 January 1547) was King of England from 22 April 1509 until his death in 1547. Henry is known for his six marriages and his efforts to have his first marriage (to Catherine of Aragon) annulled. His disagreement w ...

. He later became Lord Chamberlain to

Anne Boleyn Anne Boleyn (; 1501 or 1507 – 19 May 1536) was List of English royal consorts, Queen of England from 1533 to 1536, as the Wives of Henry VIII, second wife of King Henry VIII. The circumstances of her marriage and execution, by beheading ...

. He was also one of the twenty-six Peers summoned to the trial of Anne Boleyn in May 1536.Cole, Robert Eden George, ''History of the manor and township of Doddington, otherwise Doddington-Pigot, in the county of Lincoln and its successive owners, with pedigrees'', (James Williamson, Printer, 1897), pp 41-50

Life

Thomas Burgh, also spelt "Borough", was born about 1488 at Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, the eldest son of Edward Burgh, 2nd Baron Burgh (c. 1463 – 1528) and Anne Cobham, ''

suo jure ''Suo jure'' is a Latin phrase, used in English to mean 'in his own right' or 'in her own right'. In most nobility-related contexts, it means 'in her own right', since in those situations the phrase is normally used of women; in practice, especi ...

'' 6th Baroness Cobham, daughter of Sir Thomas Cobham, ''de jure'' 5th

of Sterborough and Lady Anne Stafford, a daughter of the 1st Duke of Buckingham.Sir Bernard Burke. ''A genealogical history of the dormant, abeyant, forfeited, and extinct peerages of the British empire'
(Google eBook)
/ref> His father, Edward, succeeded as 2nd Baron of Gainsborough on 18 March 1495/96, but was never summoned to Parliament and the barony created for his grandfather in 1487 is considered to have become extinct on his death in 1496. However, after his father was found a lunatic in December 1529, Sir Thomas Burgh, was summoned to the

House of Lords The House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the lower house, the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster in London, England. One of the oldest ext ...

as Lord Burgh, of Gainsborough in the County of Lincoln. He had already succeeded his father as ''de jure'' fifth

and seventh

, an honour he inherited from his mother, although he was never summoned to Parliament in this title or confirmed in it.Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes (Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003), volume 1, page 587. He was knighted in 1513 and served as

High Sheriff of Lincolnshire This is a list of High Sheriffs of Lincolnshire. The High Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown. Formerly the High Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilit ...

in 1518 and 1524. Sir Thomas's country seat was at Gainsborough Old Hall. He was an overbearing father, given to violent rages, who ruled with an iron hand, requiring absolute obedience. Some time after 1529, he had his daughter-in-law, Elizabeth Owen, thrown out of the household and her children with his younger son Thomas Burgh were declared bastards. Sir Thomas's own children lived in fear of their father. Sir Thomas was opinionated on matters of religion and was a passionate supporter of the new reformed religion which was being introduced to England. Burgh had an ambitious reform-minded chaplain with whom he discussed his opinions on the matter of religion. When his chaplain went to London to find a new patron in

Thomas Cromwell Thomas Cromwell (; – 28 July 1540) was an English statesman and lawyer who served as List of English chief ministers, chief minister to King Henry VIII from 1534 to 1540, when he was beheaded on orders of the king, who later blamed false cha ...

, Burgh wrote asking that he be returned immediately. In May 1533, at the celebrations for the coronation of

, Borough was severely rebuked for "ripping Queen

Catherine of Aragon Catherine of Aragon (also spelt as Katherine, historical Spanish: , now: ; 16 December 1485 – 7 January 1536) was List of English royal consorts, Queen of England as the Wives of Henry VIII, first wife of King Henry VIII from their marr ...

's oat ofarms off her barge and for seizing the barge". Having been appointed as Boleyn's lord chamberlain, Borough maintained a high profile and rode in her barge as she was received at the

Tower A tower is a tall Nonbuilding structure, structure, taller than it is wide, often by a significant factor. Towers are distinguished from guyed mast, masts by their lack of guy-wires and are therefore, along with tall buildings, self-supporting ...

on her coronation day. Appearing in the procession he wore a surcoat and mantle of white cloth of tissue and ermine as he held the middle of Anne Boleyn's coronation train. It was thought until recently that Thomas's father Edward Burgh, 2nd Baron Burgh, had married

Catherine Parr Catherine Parr ( – 5 September 1548) was Queen of England and Ireland as the last of the six wives of King Henry VIII from their marriage on 12 July 1543 until Henry's death on 28 January 1547. Catherine was the final queen consort o ...

in 1529, but the 2nd Baron died in August 1528.Linda Porter, ''Katherine, the Queen'' (Macmillan, 2010) Through the recent research of contemporaneous documents, including the will of Catherine's mother, by the biographers Susan E. James, Linda Porter,

David Starkey Dr. David Robert Starkey (born 3 January 1945) is a British historian, radio and television presenter, with views that he describes as conservative. The only child of Quaker parents, he attended Kirkbie Kendal School, Kendal Grammar School b ...

, and

Alison Weir Alison Weir ( Matthews) is a British author and public historian. She primarily writes about the history of English royal women and families, in the form of biographies that explore their historical setting. She has also written numerous wor ...

, it has been established that she married the 2nd Baron's grandson, who shared his grandfather's first name.David Starkey. ''Six Wives: The Queens of Henry VIII''. HarperCollins, 2004. pg 697. Sir Edward Borough was the eldest son of Sir Thomas Borough. In the will of Maud Parr dated May 1529, she mentioned Sir Thomas, father of Edward, saying ''I am indebted to Sir Thomas Borough, knight, for the marriage of my daughter''. At the time of his son's marriage, Thomas was thirty-five, which would have made Edward around Catherine's age. Sir Edward was in his twenties and may have been in poor health. He served as a

feoffee Under the feudal system in England, a feoffee () is a trustee who holds a fief (or "fee"), that is to say an estate in land, for the use of a beneficial owner. The term is more fully stated as a feoffee to uses of the beneficial owner. The use ...

for Thomas Kiddell and as a justice of the peace. According to Susan James and Linda Porter, Sir Edward Borough died in the spring of 1533, never holding the title of Lord Borough.James, Susan E., ''Kateryn Parr: The Making of a Queen'' (Aldershot, England: Ashgate Publishing Ltd. 1999), pp 60-63 Other sources state ''before April 1533''.

Marriage and issue

Burgh married twice; firstly in 1496, Agnes Tyrwhitt, a daughter of Sir William Tyrwhitt, with whom he had at least twelve children. He married secondly Alice London but had no further issue. Burgh died in February 1550 and was succeeded in the barony by his third son, William. His second wife, Alice, died in 1559. Issue by Agnes Tyrwhitt: * Sir Edward Burgh (c. 1508 – before April 1533), eldest son and heir to Lord Borough, married

, without issue. * Sir Thomas Burgh (d. 1542), who married Elizabeth Owen, and had issue. Elizabeth was thrown out by her father-in-law and their children were declared bastards by his father, Lord Borough. The barony was thus inherited by his younger brother, Sir William Burgh. * William Burgh, 2nd Baron Burgh, ''de jure'' 6th Baron Strabolgi, (c. 1521 – 10 September 1584), married Lady Katherine Clinton, daughter of

Edward Clinton, 1st Earl of Lincoln Edward Fiennes, or Clinton, 1st Earl of Lincoln KG (151216 January 1584/85) was an English landowner, peer, and Lord High Admiral. He rendered valuable service to four of the Tudor monarchs. Family Edward Clinton, or Fiennes, was born ...

and

Elizabeth Blount Elizabeth Blount (// – 1540), commonly known during her lifetime as Bessie Blount, was a Mistresses of Henry VIII, mistress of Henry VIII of England. Early life Blount was the daughter of John Blount (died 1531), Sir John Blount and Kather ...

, a former mistress of

. They were the parents of

Thomas Burgh, 3rd Baron Burgh Thomas Burgh, 3rd Baron Burgh of Gainsborough, Charles Mosley, editor, ''Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage'', 107th edition, 3 volumes (Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003), volume 1, page 587. ( ; ...

. * Henry Burgh (c. 1522 – 22 April 1557), from which the Burghs of Stow are descended. * Anne Burgh (c. 1500–1582), married John Bussy of Hougham, Esq. who died in 1541. She married secondly, before 1550, Sir Anthony Neville. * Margaret Burgh (d. 1552), married Robert Topcliffe of Somerby, Esq. (d. 1544). * Agnes Burgh, married John Bassett of Fledborough, Esq. * Eleanor Burgh, married firstly Sir William Musgrave, and secondly, as his second wife, Edmund Croftes (d. 14 February 1558) of Westow Hall in Little Saxham, Suffolk, son and heir of Sir John Croftes (d. 28 January 1558), by whom she had a son, John, and two daughters, Margaret and Alice. * Dorothy Burgh, became a nun. * Elizabeth Burgh, became a nun. * John Burgh (living in 1550). * Richard Burgh (living in 1550).

Ancestry

References

Citations

Bibliography

* * * * * * , - , - {{DEFAULTSORT:Burgh, Thomas Burgh, 1st Baron 1480s births Year of birth uncertain 1550 deaths People from Gainsborough, Lincolnshire 16th-century English nobility Barons Burgh 5

Thomas Thomas may refer to: People * List of people with given name Thomas * Thomas (name) * Thomas (surname) * Saint Thomas (disambiguation) * Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, and Doctor of the Church * Thomas the A ...