Theodore Garland Jr. (born 28 November 1956) is a biologist specializing in evolutionary physiology at the University of California, Riverside.

Education

Garland earned his B.S in

zoology Zoology ( , ) is the scientific study of animals. Its studies include the anatomy, structure, embryology, Biological classification, classification, Ethology, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinction, extinct, and ...

and M.S. in

biology Biology is the scientific study of life and living organisms. It is a broad natural science that encompasses a wide range of fields and unifying principles that explain the structure, function, growth, History of life, origin, evolution, and ...

at the

University of Nevada, Las Vegas The University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Paradise, Nevada, United States. The campus is about east of the Las Vegas Strip. It was formerly part of the ...

, working with William Glen Bradley, a mammalogist, and his Ph.D. in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the

University of California, Irvine The University of California, Irvine (UCI or UC Irvine) is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Irvine, California, United States. One of the ten campuses of the University of California system, U ...

under Albert F. Bennett, a comparative physiologist. During his Master's degree, he served as President of the Southern Nevada Herpetology Association. During his Ph.D. work, he recorded the maximum speed (34.6 km/h) of what to date remains the world's fastest lizard, '' Ctenosaura similis''. Subsequently, he completed postdoctoral training at the

University of Washington The University of Washington (UW and informally U-Dub or U Dub) is a public research university in Seattle, Washington, United States. Founded in 1861, the University of Washington is one of the oldest universities on the West Coast of the Uni ...

with Raymond B. Huey.

Career

He was on the faculty at the University of Wisconsin–Madison for 14 years, served as a program director for the Population Biology and Physiological Ecology Program at the

National Science Foundation The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) is an Independent agencies of the United States government#Examples of independent agencies, independent agency of the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government that su ...

during 1991–1992, and is currently Distinguished Professor of Biology at the University of California, Riverside in th
Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology
Garland is Editor in Chief of the journal ''Ecological and Evolutionary Physiology'', formerly '' Physiological and Biochemical Zoology''. He is an Associate Editor for '' Behavior Genetics'' and on the Editorial Advisory Board of

Zoology Zoology ( , ) is the scientific study of animals. Its studies include the anatomy, structure, embryology, Biological classification, classification, Ethology, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinction, extinct, and ...

. Garland is a former Topic Editor for '' Comprehensive Physiology'', and has been on the editorial boards of the '' Journal of Morphology'', '' The American Naturalist'', and ''

Evolution Evolution is the change in the heritable Phenotypic trait, characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. It occurs when evolutionary processes such as natural selection and genetic drift act on genetic variation, re ...

''. He was an associate director for the ''Network for Experimental Research on Evolution'', a University of California Multicampus Research Program. His major scientific contributions have been in the areas of lizard locomotor

physiology Physiology (; ) is the science, scientific study of function (biology), functions and mechanism (biology), mechanisms in a life, living system. As a branches of science, subdiscipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ syst ...

and

ecology Ecology () is the natural science of the relationships among living organisms and their Natural environment, environment. Ecology considers organisms at the individual, population, community (ecology), community, ecosystem, and biosphere lev ...

, allometry, phylogenetic comparative methods; and the application of artificial selection experiments to understand the correlated evolution of

and

behavior Behavior (American English) or behaviour (British English) is the range of actions of Individual, individuals, organisms, systems or Artificial intelligence, artificial entities in some environment. These systems can include other systems or or ...

, as well as the physiological, neurobiological, and genetic bases of voluntary activity levels (

physical exercise Exercise or workout is physical activity that enhances or maintains fitness and overall health. It is performed for various reasons, including weight loss or maintenance, to aid growth and improve strength, develop muscles and the cardio ...

Research

Most generally, Garland is known for helping to found the field of evolutionary physiology, which attempts to combine the questions and approaches of evolutionary biology with those of comparative physiology and ecophysiology, and for various studies of complex traits. He has also studied trade-offs in various systems. His research has generally fallen into three categories: locomotor physiology of lizards and

snakes Snakes are elongated Limbless vertebrate, limbless reptiles of the suborder Serpentes (). Cladistically Squamata, squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping Scale (zoology), scales much like other members of ...

; the development, testing, and application of phylogenetic comparative methods; and development of the selectively bred High Runner mice. Recent studies have explored the genetic architecture of th
High Runner lines of mice
as well as the effects of early-life exposure to diet and the opportunity for voluntary exercise on adult traits related to exercise behavior and physiology. The latter studies fall under the general heading of phenotypic plasticity and

epigenetics In biology, epigenetics is the study of changes in gene expression that happen without changes to the DNA sequence. The Greek prefix ''epi-'' (ἐπι- "over, outside of, around") in ''epigenetics'' implies features that are "on top of" or "in ...

Awards

In 1983–84, he was a Visiting Fulbright Scholar at the University of Wollongong,

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

, hosted b
Anthony J. Hulbert
and in 1985 he received the Outstanding Graduate Student Scholar Award from U.C., Irvine. In 1991, he received a ''Presidential Young Investigator Award'' from the

. In 2011, he was named a Hansen Distinguished Lecturer by the

University of California, Berkeley The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California), is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Berkeley, California, United States. Founded in 1868 and named after t ...

. The

named him ''College of Sciences Alumnus of the Year'' in April 2017. In 2023, he received the Doctoral Dissertation Advisor/Mentoring Award from U.C., Riverside.

Publications

Books

* Garland, T. Jr., and M. R. Rose, eds. 2009.
Experimental Evolution: Concepts, Methods, and Applications of Selection Experiments
'. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. xvii + 730 pages
PDF file

Selected papers

* * * Garland, T. Jr., and S. C. Adolph. 1994. Why not to do two-species comparative studies: limitations on inferring adaptation. Physiological Zoology 67:797-828
PDF
* * * *

References

External links

Academic Tree

Google Scholar Citations Profile

Garland Lab web page

Garland publications

Publications on NCBI My Bibliography

Publications on the High Runner mouse selection experiment

{{DEFAULTSORT:Garland, Theodore Jr. 1956 births Living people American physiologists American evolutionary biologists University of Nevada, Las Vegas alumni University of California, Irvine alumni University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty University of California, Riverside faculty