Theobald III (; 13 May 1179 – 24 May 1201) was
Count of Champagne from 1197 to his death. He was designated heir by his older brother
Henry II when the latter went to the
Holy Land
The term "Holy Land" is used to collectively denote areas of the Southern Levant that hold great significance in the Abrahamic religions, primarily because of their association with people and events featured in the Bible. It is traditionall ...
on the
Third Crusade, and succeeded him upon his death. He cooperated closely with his uncle and suzerain King
Philip II of France. He died young, and was succeeded by a
posthumous son,
Theobald IV, while his widow,
Blanche of Navarre, ruled as
regent
In a monarchy, a regent () is a person appointed to govern a state because the actual monarch is a minor, absent, incapacitated or unable to discharge their powers and duties, or the throne is vacant and a new monarch has not yet been dete ...
.
Family
Theobald III was the younger son of Count
Henry I of Champagne and
Marie of France. He succeeded as
count of Champagne in 1197 upon the death of his older brother
Henry II. Theobald married
Blanche of Navarre on 1 July 1199 at
Chartres. They had two children, a daughter, Marie, and a son,
Theobald IV, born after Theobald III's death.
Rule
Charters were written by Theobald and King
Philip II of France in September 1198 to dictate the rights of the
Jew
Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, religion, and community are highly inte ...
s of the one ''vis-à-vis'' the other and to repay debts by Philip to the count of Champagne for the employment of his Jews. These laws were reinforced subsequently in charters that were signed between 1198 and 1231.
In 1198,
Pope Innocent III called the
Fourth Crusade
The Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) was a Latin Christian armed expedition called by Pope Innocent III. The stated intent of the expedition was to recapture the Muslim-controlled city of Jerusalem, by first defeating the powerful Egyptian Ayyubid S ...
. There was little enthusiasm for the
crusade
The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and at times directed by the Papacy during the Middle Ages. The most prominent of these were the campaigns to the Holy Land aimed at reclaiming Jerusalem and its surrounding t ...
at first, but on 28 November 1199 various nobles of France gathered at Theobald's court for a
tournament (in his castle at
Ecry-sur-Aisne), including the preacher
Fulk of Neuilly. There, they "took the cross", and elected Theobald their leader, but he died in 1201 and was replaced by
Boniface I, Marquess of Montferrat.
Following his death on 24 May 1201, Theobald's widow Blanche ruled Champagne as regent for the following 21 years, during which the succession was contested by Theobald's nieces
Alice and
Philippa
Philippa is a feminine given name meaning "lover of horses" or "horses' friend", from the Greek Philippos, which is derived from ''philein'', meaning to love and ''hippos'', meaning ''horse''. The English masculine form is Philip, which was form ...
, daughters of his predecessor, Henry II. Theobald was buried beside his father, Henry, at the
Church of Saint Stephen at Troyes.
Genealogical table
Notes
References
Sources
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{{Authority control
Counts of Champagne
Christians of the Fourth Crusade
House of Blois
1201 deaths
1179 births
People from Troyes
13th-century peers of France