"The Gold at the Starbow's End" is a
science fiction
Science fiction (often shortened to sci-fi or abbreviated SF) is a genre of speculative fiction that deals with imaginative and futuristic concepts. These concepts may include information technology and robotics, biological manipulations, space ...
novella
A novella is a narrative prose fiction whose length is shorter than most novels, but longer than most novelettes and short stories. The English word ''novella'' derives from the Italian meaning a short story related to true (or apparently so) ...
by American writer
Frederik Pohl
Frederik George Pohl Jr. (; November 26, 1919 – September 2, 2013) was an American list of science fiction authors, science-fiction writer, editor, and science fiction fandom, fan, with a career spanning nearly 75 years—from his first ...
. Originally published in the March 1972 issue of ''
Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact'', it was nominated for both the 1973
Hugo Award for Best Novella
The Hugo Award for Best Novella is one of the Hugo Awards given each year for science fiction or fantasy stories published or translated into English during the previous calendar year. The novella award is available for works of fiction of between ...
and the 1973
Nebula Award for Best Novella
The Nebula Award for Best Novella is given each year by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers Association (SFWA) for science fiction or fantasy novellas. A work of fiction is defined by the organization as a novella if it is between 17,500 and 4 ...
. It did win the 1973
Locus Award for Best Novella.
Writing in ''
The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
''The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction'' (''SFE'') is an English language reference work on science fiction, first published in 1979. It has won the Hugo Award, Hugo, Locus Award, Locus and BSFA Award, British SF Awards. Two print editions appea ...
'',
John Clute
John Frederick Clute (born 12 September 1940) is a Canadian-born author and critic specializing in science fiction and fantasy literature who has lived in both England and the United States since 1969. He has been described as "an integral part ...
and
Brian Stableford
Brian Michael Stableford (25 July 1948 – 24 February 2024) was a British academic, critic and science fiction writer who published a hundred novels and over a hundred volumes of translations. His earlier books were published under the name Br ...
noted that Pohl's longer work had greatly improved after he stopped being the editor of ''
Galaxy Magazine'' and the ''
Worlds of If'' in 1969. They considered "The Gold at the Starbow's End" to be an important transitional work leading to his better-known work of the late 1970s and 1980s.
As the editor of ''
Platinum Pohl'' (a collection of Pohl's work),
James Frenkel described "The Gold at the Starbow's End" as a "wild adventure" that also addressed "the conflict between the needs of science and the exigencies of balancing a budget".
Pohl later expanded the novella into a full-length novel, which was published in 1982 under the title ''
Starburst''.
Plot summary
The story is told with two narrative devices—reports from members of the crew of the US Starship ''Constitution'' alternating with a traditional
third-person narration of the activities back on Earth. The main protagonist of the activities on Earth is Dr. Dieter von Knefhausen, the scientist in charge of the US
space program
A space program is an organized effort by a government or a company with a goal related to outer space.
Lists of space programs include:
* List of government space agencies
* List of private spaceflight companies
* List of human spaceflight prog ...
.
In the first report from the starship, the reader learns that the ship is approximately one month into a multi-year journey to the
Alpha Centauri
Alpha Centauri (, α Cen, or Alpha Cen) is a star system in the southern constellation of Centaurus (constellation), Centaurus. It consists of three stars: Rigil Kentaurus (), Toliman (), and Proxima Centauri (). Proxima Centauri ...
star system, where the crew will begin colonization of the planet Alpha-Aleph. Already, the crew is finding they have too much free time and have begun filling that time by studying various mathematics problems. In the first narration of the action on Earth, the reader learns that society has become
dystopian
A dystopia (lit. "bad place") is an imagined world or society in which people lead wretched, dehumanized, fearful lives. It is an imagined place (possibly state) in which everything is unpleasant or bad, typically a totalitarian or environmenta ...
. The possibility of colonizing Alpha-Aleph is a source of hope for a better future.
As the story progresses, the reader is told that the existence of the planet Alpha-Aleph is a hoax, perpetrated not only on the American people but also on the crew of the starship. The true purpose of the mission is to place the crew in a position where they will have nothing to do other than study mathematics. The hoax was the idea of Knefhausen, who believes that, if deprived of any other means of recreation, the crew will succeed in making scientific breakthroughs that will then be broadcast back to Earth. Knefhausen's theory proves true, but he learns that the crew quickly becomes bored with technological applications of their newfound mathematical prowess. Instead, they become increasingly interested in using it to develop their understanding of art and philosophy. These new understandings give the crew an unusual control over the physical universe and, by the end of the story, they have achieved god-like powers.
Two recurring mathematical themes in the story are
Carnap-Ramsey sentences and
Godel encoding.
The word "starbow" in the story's title is a word coined by one of the characters on the starship. It refers to the rainbow-like effect seen when stars are undergoing a
relativistic Doppler effect.
["''Constitution'' Four" (p. 351 in the ''Platinum Pohl'' collection ())]
Extension to novel length
In the novel the crew of the ''Constitution'' exact revenge on Earth by sending a beam of "
strange
Strange may refer to:
Fiction
* Strange (comic book), a comic book limited series by Marvel Comics
* Strange (Marvel Comics), one of a pair of Marvel Comics characters known as The Strangers
* Adam Strange, a DC Comics superhero
* The title c ...
" particles back to the home planet, causing all nuclear materials to melt down harmlessly, reducing the population to poverty in the absence of nuclear power. The last section relates the events surrounding the return of the crew's children to Earth.
Publication history
Shortly after its original appearance in ''Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact'', "The Gold at the Starbow's End" became the title story of a collection of Pohl's works. It also appeared in two best-of-the-year
anthologies: ''Best Science Fiction of 1972'' (for which Pohl was the editor) and ''
The 1973 Annual World's Best SF''.
Since then, it has been anthologized at least six times, including one in Italian translation (under the title "Alpha Aleph"). The story also appears in two collections devoted to Pohl's work: the already-mentioned ''The Gold at the Starbow's End'' (1972) and ''Platinum Pohl'' (2005).
Short story collection
''The Gold at the Starbow's End'' is a collection of Pohl's stories published in the United States and Canada by
Ballantine Books
Ballantine Books is a major American book publisher that is a subsidiary of German media conglomerate Bertelsmann. Ballantine was founded in 1952 by Ian Ballantine with his wife, Betty Ballantine. Ballantine was acquired by Random House in ...
in August 1972. It was published in Britain by
Gollancz Science Fiction in June 1973, followed by a paperback edition from
Panther Books in January 1975. Contents are as follows:
* "The Gold at the Starbow's End", 1972
* "Sad Solarian Screenwriter Sam", 1972
* "Call Me Million", 1970
* "Shaffery Among the Immortals", 1972
* "
The Merchants of Venus", 1972
References
External links
"The Gold at the Starbow's End"listing (for the story) at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
''The Gold at the Starbow's End''listing (for the collection) at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
''Starburst''listing (for the novel) at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gold at the Starbow's End
Short stories by Frederik Pohl
1972 short stories
Works originally published in Analog Science Fiction and Fact
Locus Award–winning works