The Citizens' Revolution () was a political and socioeconomic project formulated by a

coalition A coalition is formed when two or more people or groups temporarily work together to achieve a common goal. The term is most frequently used to denote a formation of power in political, military, or economic spaces. Formation According to ''A G ...

left-wing Left-wing politics describes the range of Ideology#Political ideologies, political ideologies that support and seek to achieve social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy either as a whole or of certain social ...

politicians with a variety of social organizations in Ecuador. Through the implementation of the Citizens' Revolution, President

Rafael Correa Rafael Vicente Correa Delgado (; born 6 April 1963) is an Ecuadorian politician and economist who served as the 45th president of Ecuador from 2007 to 2017. The leader of the PAIS Alliance political movement from its foundation until 2017, Corr ...

, who was the leader of

PAIS Alliance The Revolutionary and Democratic Ethical Green Movement (, MOVER) was a centre to centre-right neoliberal political party in Ecuador. In 2016, it had 979,691 members. Until 2021 it was known as the PAIS Alliance (Proud and Sovereign Homeland) (P ...

, has sought since 2008 to gradually achieve the socialist reconstruction of Ecuadorian society. La revolucion ciudadana Avanza

Origins

The foundation of the Citizens' Revolution is the

Liberal Revolution of 1895 The Liberal Revolution of 1895 took place in Ecuador, and was a period of radical social and political upheaval. The Revolution started on June 5, 1895 and ultimately resulted in the overthrow of the conservative government, which had ruled Ecuad ...

led by

Eloy Alfaro José Eloy Alfaro Delgado (25 June 1842 – 28 January 1912) often referred to as "The Old Warrior," was an Ecuadorian politician who served as the President of Ecuador from 1895 to 1901 and from 1906 to 1911. Eloy Alfaro emerged as the leader ...

(1842–1912) and the ideals of

Socialism of the 21st century Socialism of the 21st century (; ; ) is an interpretation of socialist principles first advocated by German sociologist and political analyst Heinz Dieterich and taken up by a number of Latin American leaders. Dieterich argued in 1996 that ...

Basis

The Citizens' Revolution was based on the Five Axes of the Citizens' Revolution (Los 5 ejes de la Revolución Ciudadana). The Five Axes underpin the 2009–2013 National Plan for Good Living which "establishes new horizons aimed to materialize and radicalize the project for a change of the Citizens' Revolution for the construction of a Plurinational and Intercultural State and, finally, for the achievement of Good Living for all Ecuadorians." Ecuador decided to end its credit relationship with the

International Monetary Fund The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution funded by 191 member countries, with headquarters in Washington, D.C. It is regarded as the global lender of las ...

and renegotiated oil contracts and rejoined

OPEC The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC ) is an organization enabling the co-operation of leading oil-producing and oil-dependent countries in order to collectively influence the global oil market and maximize Profit (eco ...

. Ecuador was also active in the project to integrate the countries of South America into a single economic and political bloc in UNASUR, the

Union of South American Nations The Union of South American Nations (USAN), sometimes also referred to as the South American Union, abbreviated in Spanish as UNASUR and in Portuguese as UNASUL, is an intergovernmental regional organization. It was set up by Hugo Chavez to ...

and was instrumental in the creation of the

Bank of the South The Bank of the South (, , ) or BancoSur is a monetary fund and lending organization established on 26 September 2009 by Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Ecuador, Bolivia and Venezuela with promises of initial capital of US$20 billion. Argen ...

(''El Banco del Sur'') a pan-South American monetary fund, development bank and lending organisation whose founding agreement was signed on 26 September 2009. Following the rightward turn of the Alianza PAIS, allies of Correa founded a new leftist party named for the philosophy, the

Citizen Revolution Movement The Citizen Revolution Movement (, RC) is a centre-left to left-wing political party in Ecuador formed by supporters of former President Rafael Correa who distanced themselves from Correa's former PAIS Alliance party during the presidency of Le ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Citizens' Revolution 21st-century revolutions 21st century in Ecuador Revolutions in Ecuador Socialism in Ecuador Socialist revolutions