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is a Japanese
anime is a Traditional animation, hand-drawn and computer animation, computer-generated animation originating from Japan. Outside Japan and in English, ''anime'' refers specifically to animation produced in Japan. However, , in Japan and in Ja ...
,
light novel A is a type of Genre fiction, popular literature novel from Japan usually classified as young adult fiction, generally targeting Adolescence, teens to Young adult, twenties or older. The definition is very vague, and wide-ranging. The abbr ...
and
manga are comics or graphic novels originating from Japan. Most manga conform to a style developed in Japan in the late 19th century, and the form has a long history in earlier Japanese art. The term is used in Japan to refer to both comics ...
franchise. The original series began with a six-episode OVA called . This original series was created by Masaki Kajishima and directed by Hiroki Hayashi, and it was released in Japan on September 25, 1992. The series was released by Pioneer LDC in the United Kingdom in 1994. As its popularity grew, it spurred a seventh episode titled ''Tenchi Muyo! Special: The Night Before the Carnival'' (also known as the ''Tenchi Special'') and a stand-alone '' Tenchi Muyo! Mihoshi Special''. A second OVA series was directed by Kenichi Yatagai and was released in 1994. A third OVA series, which was also directed by Yatagai, was released in 2003. A fourth OVA series was produced in Japan, with the first collection released on November 30, 2016. The following episodes were planned to be released with an interval of three months each, and the final part of the series arrived August 30, 2017. On July 12, 2019, it was announced that a fifth OVA series is currently in development, with Masaki Kajishima again serving as chief director and Hideki Shirane writing and overseeing scripts. A twenty-six-episode anime television series called was released in 1995, and it was focused on retelling and expanding upon the original six-episode story. was created in 1997, and it is another alternate version of the original story. The latest version of the series called '' Ai Tenchi Muyo!'', was broadcast on
Tokyo MX JOMX-DTV (channel 9), branded as Tokyo MX (officially stylized as TOKYO MX), is an independent station, independent television station in Tokyo, Japan, owned by the . It is the only television station that exclusively serves the city and parts ...
in 2014. Spin-off series of ''Tenchi Muyo!'' were also created. '' Magical Girl Pretty Sammy'' is an example that was adapted into a manga series. The franchise has also spawned soundtrack CDs and other merchandise released both in Japan and in the
United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...
.


Concept

Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi cite the ''
Bubblegum Crisis is a 1987-1991 Japanese cyberpunk original video animation (OVA) series produced by Youmex and animated by Anime International Company, AIC and Artmic. The series involves the adventures of the Knight Sabers, an all-female group of Mercenar ...
'' OVAs, which they both worked on, as being the inspiration for ''Tenchi Muyo! Ryo-Ohki''. In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described ''Bubblegum Crisis'' as "a pretty gloomy anime. Serious fighting, complicated human relationships and dark Mega Tokyo." They thought it would be fun to create some comedy episodes with ideas like the girls going to the hot springs, but it was rejected by the sponsors. He also said that there was a trend to have a bunch of characters of one gender and a single one of the other gender, and asked what if Mackey (Sylia's brother) was a main character, reversing the ''Bubblegum'' scenario. This became the basis for ''Tenchi Muyo!''. In designing Ryoko, Kajishima and Hayashi were inspired by the American sitcom ''
I Dream of Jeannie ''I Dream of Jeannie'' is an American Fantasy television, fantasy sitcom television series created by Sidney Sheldon and starring Barbara Eden as a beautiful but guileless 2,000-year-old Jinn, genie and Larry Hagman as an astronaut with whom s ...
'' and wanted to use her in their works. In the first episode, Tenchi would open the sealed cave, which was a reference to the Jeannie's bottle, and a "cute witch" would jump out. Hayashi said that Tenchi is "sort of" based on Mackey, and that after Tenchi and Ryoko, the other girls were designed to be characters to balance the picture in the very early concepts of the series, and that they are original characters.


Media


OVA

The first OVA was titled ''Tenchi Muyo! Ryo-Ohki'' and was created by Masaki Kajishima. ''Ryo-Ohki'' comprises 5 OVA series to date. The fifth OVA released its last episode on May 28, 2021.


Manga

Hitoshi Okuda wrote two manga series based on the OVA series. The first manga is titled and was published by Kadokawa Shoten and serialized in Dragon Comic Jr. magazine from December 16, 1994, to June 9, 2000. The series was collected into 12 tankōbon volumes. ''No Need for Tenchi'' was released in English in the United States by Viz Communications, and in Singapore by
Chuang Yi Chuang Yi Publishing Pte Ltd. ( zh, s=创艺出版社) was a publishing company based in Singapore that specialized in producing domestic and imported comics and comics-related merchandise in English and simplified Chinese. Chuang Yi distribute ...
. The second series titled was also published by Kadokawa Shoten and serialized in Dragon Comic Age magazine from July 26, 2000, to December 9, 2005. The series was collected into 10 tankōbon volumes.


TV series

After the first OVA series aired, AIC began looking into TV adaptations beyond the ''Mihoshi Special''. In 1995 , a 26-episode anime television series was created by Hiroshi Negishi, animated by AIC and produced by Pioneer. It was loosely based on the first six episodes of the OVA series and the ''Mihoshi Special''. Two years later, another AIC production followed suit called , which aired through 1997 and also ran 26 episodes. It borrowed characters and some plot devices from the previous incarnations, but with a noticeable art shift and very different concepts, such as centering on Tenchi's high school and being a priest in Tokyo. The most recent series aired in October 2014. The series commemorated the 20th anniversary of the franchise and was sponsored by the city of Takahashi, Okayama.


Films

An anime film titled '' Tenchi the Movie: Tenchi Muyo in Love'', created by Hiroshi Negishi, is a continuation of the ''Tenchi Universe'' TV series. A second film, '' Tenchi the Movie 2: The Daughter of Darkness'', was adapted from a novel written by Naoko Hasegawa. The third film, titled '' Tenchi Forever! The Movie'', is the sequel to ''Tenchi Muyo in Love'' and was adapted into a manga titled ''Tenchi Muyo! In Love 2: Eternal Memory''.


Novels

Kajishima has written several books based on the franchise, including the ongoing '' Tenchi Muyo! GXP: Galaxy Police Transporter'' novel series, the novels ''Shin Tenchi Muyo! Jurai'', ''Shin Tenchi Muyo! Yosho'', and ''Shin Tenchi Muyo! Washu'', and recently, the ''Paradise Wars'' spinoff. There are also a number of
dōjinshi , also Romanization of Japanese, romanized as ', is the Japanese term for self-published print works, such as magazines, manga, and novels. Part of a wider category of ''doujin'' (self-published) works, ''doujinshi'' are often derivative of exi ...
by and interviews with Kajishima, as well as a companion book, ''101 Questions and Answers of Tenchi Muyo! Ryo-Oh-Ki''. Naoko Hasegawa wrote a series of thirteen light novels continuing from the first OVA series, starting with "One Visitor After Another: Hexagram Of Love" in 1993. Seven Seas Entertainment has licensed the light novels ''Shin Tenchi Muyo! Jurai'', ''Shin Tenchi Muyo! Yosho'', ''Shin Tenchi Muyo! Washu'' for a North American release in 2017, and released them as ''True Tenchi Muyo!' in 2018 and 2019.


Video games

Numerous video games have been released based on the franchise, such as '' Tenchi Muyo! Game Hen'' for the
Super Famicom The Super Nintendo Entertainment System, commonly shortened to Super Nintendo, Super NES or SNES, is a Fourth generation of video game consoles, 16-bit home video game console developed by Nintendo that was released in 1990 in Japan, 1991 in No ...
.


Radio

A radio drama was released titled ''Tenchi Muyo! Ryo-ohki Manatsu no Carnival''.


Stage play

On AnimeJapan 2019, it was announced on AIC Rights' booth that a stage play based on the first season of Ryo-Ohki was in development, scheduled to premiere in 2019. On May 17, the cast and staff was announced, with Kazuhiro Igarashi writing the script and Kazuma Sato starring as Tenchi Masaki. It ran from July 17 to the 21st on the Shinjukumura Live venue, in Tokyo.


Spin-offs

The first ''Tenchi'' spinoff is the '' Magical Girl Pretty Sammy'' series, a
magical girl is a Genre#Subgenre, subgenre of primarily Japanese fantasy media (including anime, manga, light novels, and live-action media) centered on young girls who possess magical abilities, which they typically use through an ideal alter ego into wh ...
series where Sasami is the lead character. The first use of Pretty Sammy was in the ''Tenchi Muyo! Sound File'', a Japanese-only music video release. The same animation was used in the ending of the '' Tenchi Muyo! Mihoshi Special''. In 1995, a three episode ''Pretty Sammy'' OVA series began, where Sasami, who is known as Sasami Kawai, magically becomes Pretty Sammy. The second ''Pretty Sammy'' series is a TV series, which came out in 1996, also known as '' Magical Project S''. This series is in a separate continuity from the OVA series. Pretty Sammy also appears in the ''Mihoshi Special'' toward the end of Mihoshi's story, and in an alternate reality sequence in the ''Tenchi Universe'' series. Also created by Masaki Kajishima, the 1997 OVA series '' Photon: The Idiot Adventures'' is related to the ''Tenchi Muyo! Ryo-Ohki'' universe. '' Tenchi Muyo! War on Geminar'' from 2009 uses a number of elements from ''Photon'', such as Koros, Aho energy, having a princess named Lashara, and a young hero with such strong superhuman abilities he's practically invincible. Also by Masaki Kajishima, the 1998 OVA series ''Spaceship Agga Ruter'' and its 1999 visual novel continuation ''Space Ofera Agga Ruter ~Kyoufu no Uchuu Majo~'' take place in ''Tenchi Muyo!'' universe. The 1999 series ''
Dual! Parallel Trouble Adventure is a Japanese anime series animated by AIC and created by Masaki Kajishima, best known for the '' Tenchi Muyo!'' franchise. It was originally broadcast on Wowow from April to July 1999 and was licensed in the US by Pioneer LDC, later k ...
'' is related to the ''Tenchi Muyo! Ryo-ohki'' universe, due to the blatant use of the "Lighthawk Wings" associated with the Jurai dynasty in ''Tenchi Muyo''. The creator of both ''Dual!'' and ''Tenchi Muyo!'', Masaki Kajishima, confirmed that ''Dual!'' does relate to ''Tenchi Muyo!'', and is in fact an alternate version of the ''Tenchi Muyo!'' universe. Guardians of Order published a line of English-language '' Tenchi Muyo''
role-playing game A role-playing game (sometimes spelled roleplaying game, or abbreviated as RPG) is a game in which players assume the roles of player character, characters in a fictional Setting (narrative), setting. Players take responsibility for acting out ...
books based on the various series in the Tenchi franchise starting in 2000. '' Tenchi Muyo! GXP'' was released in Japan in 2001. The series takes place during the Kajishima version of the OVA continuity, and is set a year after the events of the third OVA series (despite being released first chronologically). The main character is Seina Yamada, a friend of Tenchi Masaki who accidentally joined the Galaxy Police. Many characters from ''Tenchi Muyo! Ryo-ohki'' make appearances in this series, including the use of Seiryo Tennan as a major character and a full-fledged ''Tenchi Muyo!'' crossover in episode 17. '' Battle Programmer Shirase'' is a 2003 spin-off of the ''Pretty Sammy'' OVA and TV series, keeping the character Misao Amano from ''Pretty Sammy'', and with the main character Akira Shirase, Misao's great-uncle; however, it bears little in common with either ''Pretty Sammy'' series because it has neither magic, nor Sasami, nor Misao's alter ego Pixy Misa. '' Sasami: Magical Girls Club'' aired in Japan in 2006. The third spin-off featuring Sasami (known here as Sasami Iwakura) as the main character. The most recent ''Tenchi'' spin-off series is called '' Tenchi Muyo! War on Geminar'' (aka ''Isekai no Seikishi Monogatari'') which follows the tale of Tenchi's half-brother Kenshi Masaki as he finds himself in a foreign world that uses humanoid machines to fight their wars.


References


Further reading

*


External links

* * at VIZ Communications * * {{Monthly Dragon Age 1994 manga 2000 manga Anime with original screenplays Funimation Geneon USA Fiction about God Harem anime and manga Kadokawa Corporation franchises Mass media franchises NBCUniversal Entertainment Japan Seven Seas Entertainment titles Shōnen manga Viz Media manga