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Taubergießen is a
floodplain A floodplain or flood plain or bottomlands is an area of land adjacent to a river which stretches from the banks of its channel to the base of the enclosing valley walls, and which experiences flooding during periods of high discharge.Goudi ...
wetland on the southern
Upper Rhine The Upper Rhine (german: Oberrhein ; french: Rhin Supérieur) is the section of the Rhine between Basel in Switzerland and Bingen in Germany, surrounded by the Upper Rhine Plain. The river is marked by Rhine-kilometres 170 to 529 (the ...
in the natural area Offenburg Rhine plain. Taubergießen was declared
Naturschutzgebiet A ''Naturschutzgebiet'' (abbreviated NSG) is a category of protected area (nature reserve) within Germany's Federal Nature Conservation Act (the ''Bundesnaturschutzgesetz'' or ''BNatSchG''). Although often translated as 'Nature Reserve' in Engli ...
(Nature Reserve) in 1979 and, with 1,697 hectares, is one of the largest protected areas in
Baden-Württemberg Baden-Württemberg (; ), commonly shortened to BW or BaWü, is a German state () in Southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the southern part of Germany's western border with France. With more than 11.07 million inhabitants across a ...
. It has a north–south extension of more than 12 km. The largest width is about 2.5 km.


Name

The name ''"Taubergießen"'' derives from ''Taubergießen'', one of the numerous watercourses and branches of the nature reserve, which runs in the north of the area and drains from the right into the lower course of the Elz river, which is closer to the Rhine. Under "pouring" is understood underground, i.e. in direct connection with the groundwater flowing parts of the stream, which come from a sufficient depression of the bottom again to the surface. These are particularly common in this area, the middle area of the southern Upper Rhine. The word "deaf" describes nutrient-poor waters with low fish population.


Geography

Taubergießen is located in the southern Upper Rhine plain between
Freiburg im Breisgau Freiburg im Breisgau (; abbreviated as Freiburg i. Br. or Freiburg i. B.; Low Alemannic: ''Friburg im Brisgau''), commonly referred to as Freiburg, is an independent city in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. With a population of about 230,000 (as o ...
and
Offenburg Offenburg ("open borough" - coat of arms showing open gates; Low Alemmanic: ''Offäburg'') is a city located in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. With nearly 60,000 inhabitants (2019), it is the largest city and the administrative capital ...
in the districts
Emmendingen Emmendingen (; Low Alemannic: ''Emmedinge'') is a town in Baden-Württemberg, capital of the district Emmendingen of Germany. It is located at the Elz River, north of Freiburg im Breisgau. The town contains more than 26,000 residents, which ...
and
Ortenau The Ortenau, originally called Mortenau, is a historic region in the present-day German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the right bank of the river Rhine, stretching from the Upper Rhine Plain to the foothill zone of the Black Fo ...
, near the northeastern town of
Lahr Lahr (officially Lahr/Schwarzwald since 30 September 1978) (); gsw, label= Low Alemannic, Lohr) is a town in western Baden-Württemberg, Germany, approximately 50 km north of Freiburg im Breisgau, 40 km southeast of Strasbourg, and 95&n ...
and immediately west of the communities
Kappel-Grafenhausen Kappel-Grafenhausen ( gsw, label=Low Alemannic Low Alemannic German (german: Niederalemannisch) is a branch of Alemannic German, which is part of Upper German. Its varieties are only partly intelligible to non-Alemannic speakers. Subdivision ...
,
Rust Rust is an iron oxide, a usually reddish-brown oxide formed by the reaction of iron and oxygen in the catalytic presence of water or air moisture. Rust consists of hydrous iron(III) oxides (Fe2O3·nH2O) and iron(III) oxide-hydroxide (FeO(OH), ...
and
Rheinhausen Rheinhausen () is a district of the city of Duisburg in Germany, with a population of 78,203 (December 31, 2020) and an area of 38.68 km². It lies on the left bank of the river Rhine. Rheinhausen consists of the neighbourhoods: Rumeln-K ...
. Taubergießen belongs predominantly to the district of the communities Kappel-Grafenhausen, Rust and Rheinhausen. 9.98 km ² property of the French community
Rhinau Rhinau (; ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department of Grand Est in north-eastern France. Until 1398, the village was located on the bank of the Rhine. The present village dates from the sixteenth century. At periods of low water in the Rhin ...
are historically conditioned. On the German territory, Rheinau, this "piece of
Alsace Alsace (, ; ; Low Alemannic German/ gsw-FR, Elsàss ; german: Elsass ; la, Alsatia) is a cultural region and a territorial collectivity in eastern France, on the west bank of the upper Rhine next to Germany and Switzerland. In 2020, it ha ...
in Germany", is classified as unincorporated community. Due to the straightening of the Rhine in the first half of the 19th century and the first localization of a river main bed in the area, a change in the border between Germany and France was partially made. However, the changes in the course of the river bed (respectively beds - its arms) did not change ownership.


Protected area

Specifications The area was declared a nature reserve (NSG No. 3.108) on September 27, 1979, and was incorporated by legal ordinance from April 8, 1997, into the protected area number 3.233 by the regional council Freiburg. The nature reserve with an area of 1,697 hectares is classified in the
International Union for Conservation of Nature The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natur ...
(IUCN) category IV. The CDDA code of the
World Database on Protected Areas The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) is the largest assembly of data on the world's terrestrial and marine protected areas, containing more than 260,000 protected areas as of August 2020, with records covering 245 countries and territorie ...
(WDPA) is 165837.


History

The
Upper Rhine Plain The Upper Rhine Plain, Rhine Rift Valley or Upper Rhine Graben ( German: ''Oberrheinische Tiefebene'', ''Oberrheinisches Tiefland'' or ''Oberrheingraben'', French: ''Vallée du Rhin'') is a major rift, about and on average , between Basel in the s ...
is originated about 35 million years ago as a result of a
rift In geology, a rift is a linear zone where the lithosphere is being pulled apart and is an example of extensional tectonics. Typical rift features are a central linear downfaulted depression, called a graben, or more commonly a half-grabe ...
. Between Basel and Frankfurt, the surface of the earth sank and the today surrounding
Vosges The Vosges ( , ; german: Vogesen ; Franconian and gsw, Vogese) are a range of low mountains in Eastern France, near its border with Germany. Together with the Palatine Forest to the north on the German side of the border, they form a single ...
and the
Black Forest The Black Forest (german: Schwarzwald ) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany, bounded by the Rhine Valley to the west and south and close to the borders with France and Switzerland. It is ...
emerged. The Rhine found its way from the Alps to the North Sea. Later,
floodplains A floodplain or flood plain or bottomlands is an area of land adjacent to a river which stretches from the banks of its channel to the base of the enclosing valley walls, and which experiences flooding during periods of high discharge.Gou ...
developed here. As part of the ''Revitalization of Taubergießen'' project from 2006 and the start of building activity in 2007, water channels were dug, passages built, bridges erected and older buildings redesigned. These measures prevent further siltation of the areas, in particular at low water, increasing the stream velocity and ensuring more frequent flow. In 2008, Taubergießen was included in the
Ramsar Convention The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of Ramsar site, Ramsar sites (wetlands). It is also known as the Convention on W ...
.


Flora and fauna

Flora About 60% of the area is forested, the rest is used as grassland for agriculture. The extensive landscape is crossed by numerous watercourses. Rare orchids blossom here. Fauna The nature reserve, with its forests, meadows, purple moor grass meadows, dry calcareous grassland and flood dams, is a habitat for many endangered species.Dietmar Keil: ''Erlebte Wildnis Taubergiessen''. 1. Auflage. Schillinger, Freiburg im Breisgau 1977, , S. 129ff.


References


Literature

* Dietmar Keil: ''Erlebte Wildnis Taubergiessen.'' 1. Auflage. Schillinger, Freiburg im Breisgau 1992, . * Werner A. Gallusser (Hrsg.): ''Die Auen am Oberrhein/Les Zones Alluviales du Rhin Supérieur - Ausmass und Perspektiven des Landschaftswandels am südlichen und mittleren Oberrhein seit 1800...'' Birkhäuser, Basel 1992, . * H.-J. Truöl, E. Spiegelhalter: ''Altrhein: verlorenes Paradies.'' 1. Auflage. Schillinger, Freiburg im Breisgau 1984, . * E. Seeger (Hrsg.): ''Erlebnisregion Rheinauen - Grand Ried Radwanderkarte 1:60.000.'' 1. Auflage. E. Seeger Verlag, Freiburg im Breisgau 2011. * Landesamt für Geoinformation und Landentwicklung Baden-Württemberg (Hrsg.): ''Offenburg Ortenau Kinzigtal Freizeitkarte 1:50.000''. 2. Auflage. 2009, . * Thomas Kaiser: ''Naturerlebnis-Rheinauen. Von Basel zum Taubergiessen bis Straßburg.'' Schillinger, Freiburg im Breisgau 2008, . * Egon Kästel: ''Die Rheinauen-ein Naturparadies. Bilder einer artenreichen und schützenswerten Landschaft.'' Verlag für Regionalkultur, 2009, .


External links

*
Daniela Toischer: ''Der Taubergießen''
– Zulassungsarbeit erstes Staatsexamen (Grund- und Hauptschule)