Taal, Batangas

Taal , officially the Municipality of Taal (), is a municipality in the province of Batangas, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 61,460 people.

Taal is famous for its old ancestral houses, one particular ancestral house (now a museum) where Marcela Coronel Mariño de Agoncillo grew up in Taal, Batangas built in the 1770s by her grandparents, Don Andres Sauza Mariño and Doña Eugenia Diokno Mariño. Its poblacion (town proper) is designated as a National Historical Landmark.

The municipality is known as the balisong and barong tagalog capital of the Philippines. The town is home to hundreds of heritage structures dating from the Spanish colonial period. Scholars have been pushing for its inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Etymology

The name "Taal" may have come from:
* The archaic Tagalog word ''taal'', possibly meaning pure or unadulterated;
* The Tagalog word '' taad'', which refers to sugarcane cutting used in planting;
* A wild palm tree called ''tal-an'' or ''taal-an'' or possibly after the tala palm (Borassus flabellifer), hence the name ''tala-an'' meaning “the place where the “tala grows”; and
* The ipil tree ( Intsia bijuga), which is also known as ''taal'' in some areas of the Philippines.

History

The town of Taal was founded by Augustinian friars in 1572. In 1575, the town transferred later to the edge of Domingo Lake (now Taal Lake) in 1575. In 1732, it became the provincial capital of Batangas. In 1754, Taal Volcano erupted, endangering the town of Taal which stood at present-day San Nicolas. Threatened by the new danger, the townspeople, together with the Augustinian Francisco Benchucillo, sought refuge in the sanctuary of Caysasay. The provincial capital was also transferred to the then-town of Batangas in the same year.

Territorial changes

Taal used to encompass a much more extensive area. In 1596, the former barrio of Bauan was established as a parish, effectively separating it from Taal.

Following the 1754 Taal Volcano eruption, the northern shoreline of Taal Lake that was previously part of Tanauan were annexed to Taal as Tanauan transferred from the lake's northwestern Tanauan Bay to Sala, its present-day barangay. It later became part of Talisay upon its establishment in 1869.

In 1861, the southern parts of Taal were separated to form the new municipality of San Luis. A year later, the northern and western parts of Taal were also separated to form the municipality of Lemery, which also consists the present-day Agoncillo.

In 1903, San Luis and Lemery were returned to Taal; San Luis's ''poblacion'' was reverted to its old name Balibago. In 1904, the western Tanauan barrios of Balaquilong (Balakilong), Bayuyungan, Binirayan (Berinayan), Bugaan, and San Gabriel were annexed to Taal by virtue of Act No. 1244; these barrios would eventually be returned to Talisay and become barangays of present-day Laurel. Lemery and San Luis were once again separated from Taal and reconstituted as independent municipalities in 1906 and in 1918, respectively.

In 1955, the northern barrios of San Nicolas, Gipit, Bangin, Pansipit, Calangay, Sinturisan, Talang, Abilo, Balete, Bancora, Saimsim, Maabud, Mulawin, Tambo, Calumala, Alasas, Calawit, and Pulangbato were separated from Taal to form the new municipality of San Nicolas. In 1961, the eastern barrios of Sambat, Sinipian, Bihis, Calayaan, Irukan and Cutang Cawayan were separated from Taal to form the new municipality of Santa Teresita.

Geography

According to the Philippine Statistics Authority, the municipality has a land area of constituting of the total area of Batangas.

It covers an area of and is drained by Pansipit River down into Balayan Bay. Pansipit is one of the major ecological highways that allow migration of two fish species: '' maliputo'' (Cranx ignobilis) and ''muslo'' (Cranx marginalis) which are unique to lake Taal. Adult fish migrate to the sea from Taal Lake via Pansipit River and Palanas River in Lemery. The '' tawilis'' (Harengula tawilis) is a freshwater sardine also endemic to Taal Lake.

Climate

Taal has two seasons: dry from November to April, and wet during the rest of the year. The lowest minimum temperature does not drop below while the highest maximum temperature of occurs from March to July of each year.

Barangays

Taal is politically subdivided into 42 barangays, as shown in the matrix below. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

Demographics

In the 2020 census, Taal had a population of 61,460. The population density was .

The first census in 1903 recorded a total population of 17,525. The 2007 population was 51,459 growing at 2.44% annually over the previous 7 years, with 7,961 households. By 2010, the population slightly increased to 51,503.

Economy

Cultural events

* The EL PASUBAT Festival, celebrated annually during the month of April, is the conglomeration of the trademarks of Taal. "EL PASUBAT" stands for ''Empanada'', ''Longganisa'', ''Panutsa'', ''Suman'', ''Balisong'', barong tagalog, ''Tapa'', ''Tamales'', ''Tawilis'', ''Tulingan'' — the delicacies and crafts that Taal is known for.
* The Feast of St. Martin of Tours is held November 11 every year. Celebrations are in the form of prayer, hymns, declamation, flower offerings and big religious processions. Most families celebrate with food and drinks for visitors thereafter.
* The Feast of Our Lady of Caysasay, the well-known miraculous image of the Immaculate Conception, is celebrated every December 8. A joint town fiesta celebrated on December 9 honoring both Our Lady of Caysasay and Saint Martin of Tours.
* Lua is a traditional declamation in the vernacular recited by a maiden to honor the Virgin Mary or a boy in praise of a male saint like Saint Martin of Tours. In the procession, young girls and ladies in their pretty gowns make up the ''hila'' (pull), so called because they are supposed to pull the cord of lights originating from the Virgin's ''karosa'' (procession carriage) bedecked with flowers.

Local products and delicacies

Since the Spanish period, the people of Taal lived by farming and commerce. The main produce are cotton, cacao and sugar which are made through the use of crude sugar mill called ''trapeche''. Weaving and embroidery of barong and ''camisa'' (blouses) made from piña are popular home industries. Local embroidery businesses later expanded their products to include curtains, piano covers, pillowcases, tablecloth, table napkins and bed covers, adding more fame already earned by Taal embroidery.

Other products produced in the town are balisong (butterfly knife) and various food treats such as the ''panocha'' (peanut brittle candy) and ''suman salehiya'' (a sweet ''suman''), ''tapa'' (cured pork) and the local longganisa, all of which are available at the public market. Popular Taal dishes include ''adobo sa dilaw'' (yellow adobo) and ''sinaing na tulingan'' ( bonita fish soup).

Notable personalities

Philippine Revolution

* Gliceria de Villavicencio was named as the “godmother of the revolutionary forces” by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo. She supported the revolution against the Spaniards, and later the Americans inflamed by the death of her husband, Eulalio Villavicencio, in February 1898.
* Felipe Agoncillo is a revolutionary hero, statesman, and diplomat Philippine Republic to the United States and to the Treaty of Paris in 1898.
* Marcela Agoncillo is best known as "The Mother of the Philippine Flag" for being the maker of the present flag of the Philippines, first unfurled at the declaration of Philippine Independence on June 12, 1898, in Kawit, Cavite.
* Vicente Ilustre was associated with other Filipinos like José Rizal, Marcelo H. Del Pilar, Galicano Apacible, and others in Spain. He became a member of the Philippine Commission under Governor-General Francis Burton Harrison where he served as president of the committee for Mindanao and Sulu. Thereafter, he became a Senator in the First Senate of the Philippines. He was also instrumental in the installation of public light and water utilities in Taal.
* Ananías Diokno was the only Tagalog general to lead a full-scale military expedition to the Visayas against the Spanish forces. He became governor of Capiz.
* Galicano Apacible, was a co-founder of La Solidaridad with his cousin José Rizal. He later co-founded the Nacionalista Party and served as Governor of Batangas, assemblyman, and agriculture and natural resources secretary.

Modern Taaleños

* Ramón Diokno, Senator and Supreme Court Justice
* Jose W. Diokno, Senator and Secretary of Justice. The Sangguniang Bayan meets at the Sen. Jose W. Diokno Legislative Hall at the Municipal Hall.
* Father Fernando Suarez, a Catholic priest known worldwide for faith healing, was born here in 1967.
* Benjamin Diokno - Secretary of Budget and Management 1998–2001, 2016–2019; Governor of Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas 2019–2022; Secretary of Finance 2022–present

Gallery

File:Taal Basilica (Taal, Batangas)(2018-07-30).jpg, Taal Basilica
File:Caysasay Shrine (renovations) 2024-03-27.jpg, Archdiocesan Shrine of Our Lady of Caysasay
File:Taal Municipal Building (Taal, Batangas)(2018-07-30).jpg, Municipal hall
File:Taaljf2115 15.JPG, Felipe Agoncillo ancestral house
File:Taaljf2280 08.JPG, Taal Plaza
File:Taaljf2340 04.JPG, Our Lady of Caysasay Academy gate
File:Welcome Arch of Taal Heritage Town 1, Taal, Batangas, October 2022.jpg, Arch at Taal town proper
File:Taal,SanNicolas,Batangasjf2087 01.JPG, Welcome arch from San Nicolas
File:San Lorenzo Ruiz Steps, Taal, Batangas (March 2020).jpg, San Lorenzo Ruiz Steps
File:Galleria Taal signage.jpg, Galleria Taal
File:20240209144459 IMG 3670 (1).jpg, Ancestral houses
File:Agaton Orosa House1.JPG, Agaton Orosa House

See also

* Basilica de San Martin de Tours (Taal) – the biggest Catholic Basilica Church in the Far East
* Our Lady of Caysasay
* Our Lady of Caysasay Academy

References

External links

*

Official Tourism Website of Taal
* Philippine Standard Geographic Code

{{DEFAULTSORT:Taal, Batangas

Municipalities of Batangas
Former provincial capitals of the Philippines